Age-stage, two-sex life tables of the melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae （Coquil- let-t） （Diptera： Tephritidae）, reared on cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.）, sponge gourd （Luffa cylindrica Roem） and a carrot medium...Age-stage, two-sex life tables of the melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae （Coquil- let-t） （Diptera： Tephritidae）, reared on cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.）, sponge gourd （Luffa cylindrica Roem） and a carrot medium （mashed Daucus carota L. mixed with sucrose and yeast hydrolysate） were constructed under laboratory conditions at 25 4- loc, 65% 4- 0.5% relative humidity, and a photoperiod 12 ： 12h （L ： D）. The intrinsic rates of increase of B. cucurbitae were 0.144 6, 0.141 2 and 0.068 8 days on cucumber, sponge gourd, and carrot medium, respectively. The highest net reproduction rate was 172 offspring per fly reared on sponge gourd. The mean generation times ofB. cucurbitae ranged from 34 days reared on cucumber to 56 days reared on carrot medium. The life history raw data was analyzed using the traditional female age-specific life table and compared to results obtained using the age-stage, two-sex life table. When the age-specific female life table is applied to an age-stage-structured two-sex population, survival and fecundity curves will be improperly manipulated due to an inability to include variation in preadult development time. We discussed different interpretations of the relationship between the net reproductive rate and the intrinsic rate of increase to clarify possible misunderstanding in the literature.展开更多
丝瓜果实发育过程伴随着明显的形态转变和复杂的生理生化变化,这些变化均影响着果实的采后寿命和品质。为阐明丝瓜果实发育过程中重要蛋白质的功能与调控作用,该研究以同位素标记相对定量联合液相色谱串联质谱(iTRAQ-LC-MS/MS)技术测定...丝瓜果实发育过程伴随着明显的形态转变和复杂的生理生化变化,这些变化均影响着果实的采后寿命和品质。为阐明丝瓜果实发育过程中重要蛋白质的功能与调控作用,该研究以同位素标记相对定量联合液相色谱串联质谱(iTRAQ-LC-MS/MS)技术测定丝瓜果实发育过程三个时期(花后5天、花后15天、花后30天)蛋白的表达水平,鉴定差异蛋白,并对它们进行亚细胞定位、GO(gene oncology)和KEGG(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)途径分析。共鉴定到差异蛋白709个,其中在丝瓜果实不同发育时期共同存在的差异蛋白有229个,上调蛋白有118个,下调蛋白由111个。亚细胞定位显示,差异蛋白的亚细胞主要定位于叶绿体、细胞质和细胞核。GO分析发现,四吡咯结合、过氧化物酶活性、氧化还原酶活性、血红素结合和抗氧化活性是差异蛋白5种主要的分子功能,过氧化氢代谢过程、应激反应和防御反应是差异蛋白3种主要参与的生物过程。代谢途径分析显示,丝瓜果实发育过程的差异蛋白主要富集在3个代谢途径,分别为次生代谢产物生物合成、糖代谢和DNA复制途径,从中筛选出36个在丝瓜果实发育过程发挥重要作用的目标差异蛋白。其中, PAL、C4H、4-CL、COMT和CAD可能是调控果实内酚类物质和木质素合成的5种关键蛋白。PAL、POD、PPO、CAT、APX 5种差异蛋白可能协同参与果实发育后期的酶促褐变。SS和α-AL可能在丝瓜果实蔗糖的累积和淀粉的降解过程中起着重要作用。以上研究结果为进一步阐明丝瓜的发育调控,进而指导丝瓜品种选育和生产栽培提供了理论支持。展开更多
The tendril of luffa (Luffa officinale),in response to various non-injurious and injuriousstimulations,will first give rise to electrochemical transmission including the action wave,variation wave,andwave complex.It i...The tendril of luffa (Luffa officinale),in response to various non-injurious and injuriousstimulations,will first give rise to electrochemical transmission including the action wave,variation wave,andwave complex.It is then followed by rapid coiling movement which appears within 25—30 s after stimulation.The coiling process continues for 10 min or more.When it is over,the tendril begins to uncoil itself.Tendrils pretreated with the narcotic drug,ethyl ether fail to response to stimulation entirely.Specific inhibitorsof microfilament,cytochalasins B and D,and of myosin,N-ethylmaleimide and iodoacetic acid,are both able toprevent the coiling of tendril,without any effect on the electrical wave transmission.Colchicine,known toinhibit microtubule action,is ineffective in preventing coiling.Acetylcholine is able to provoke the tendril coilingdirectly.The effects of drug pretreatments support the proposal that the electrochemical wave transmission elicitedby stimulation is the forerunner for arousing the rapid movement of the sensitive tendril that the actin and myosinare taking part in.Turgor changes in tendril cells are intimately connected with the transmitted and the motoraction of the compact tissues lining along the more sensitive ventral side of the tendril.As the ventral cellsundergo the abrupt contraction and slightly shrink,the dorsal cells become expanded in coiling.Eventually,turgotresumes normal on both sides when uncoiling occurs.展开更多
文摘Age-stage, two-sex life tables of the melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae （Coquil- let-t） （Diptera： Tephritidae）, reared on cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.）, sponge gourd （Luffa cylindrica Roem） and a carrot medium （mashed Daucus carota L. mixed with sucrose and yeast hydrolysate） were constructed under laboratory conditions at 25 4- loc, 65% 4- 0.5% relative humidity, and a photoperiod 12 ： 12h （L ： D）. The intrinsic rates of increase of B. cucurbitae were 0.144 6, 0.141 2 and 0.068 8 days on cucumber, sponge gourd, and carrot medium, respectively. The highest net reproduction rate was 172 offspring per fly reared on sponge gourd. The mean generation times ofB. cucurbitae ranged from 34 days reared on cucumber to 56 days reared on carrot medium. The life history raw data was analyzed using the traditional female age-specific life table and compared to results obtained using the age-stage, two-sex life table. When the age-specific female life table is applied to an age-stage-structured two-sex population, survival and fecundity curves will be improperly manipulated due to an inability to include variation in preadult development time. We discussed different interpretations of the relationship between the net reproductive rate and the intrinsic rate of increase to clarify possible misunderstanding in the literature.
文摘丝瓜果实发育过程伴随着明显的形态转变和复杂的生理生化变化,这些变化均影响着果实的采后寿命和品质。为阐明丝瓜果实发育过程中重要蛋白质的功能与调控作用,该研究以同位素标记相对定量联合液相色谱串联质谱(iTRAQ-LC-MS/MS)技术测定丝瓜果实发育过程三个时期(花后5天、花后15天、花后30天)蛋白的表达水平,鉴定差异蛋白,并对它们进行亚细胞定位、GO(gene oncology)和KEGG(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)途径分析。共鉴定到差异蛋白709个,其中在丝瓜果实不同发育时期共同存在的差异蛋白有229个,上调蛋白有118个,下调蛋白由111个。亚细胞定位显示,差异蛋白的亚细胞主要定位于叶绿体、细胞质和细胞核。GO分析发现,四吡咯结合、过氧化物酶活性、氧化还原酶活性、血红素结合和抗氧化活性是差异蛋白5种主要的分子功能,过氧化氢代谢过程、应激反应和防御反应是差异蛋白3种主要参与的生物过程。代谢途径分析显示,丝瓜果实发育过程的差异蛋白主要富集在3个代谢途径,分别为次生代谢产物生物合成、糖代谢和DNA复制途径,从中筛选出36个在丝瓜果实发育过程发挥重要作用的目标差异蛋白。其中, PAL、C4H、4-CL、COMT和CAD可能是调控果实内酚类物质和木质素合成的5种关键蛋白。PAL、POD、PPO、CAT、APX 5种差异蛋白可能协同参与果实发育后期的酶促褐变。SS和α-AL可能在丝瓜果实蔗糖的累积和淀粉的降解过程中起着重要作用。以上研究结果为进一步阐明丝瓜的发育调控,进而指导丝瓜品种选育和生产栽培提供了理论支持。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘The tendril of luffa (Luffa officinale),in response to various non-injurious and injuriousstimulations,will first give rise to electrochemical transmission including the action wave,variation wave,andwave complex.It is then followed by rapid coiling movement which appears within 25—30 s after stimulation.The coiling process continues for 10 min or more.When it is over,the tendril begins to uncoil itself.Tendrils pretreated with the narcotic drug,ethyl ether fail to response to stimulation entirely.Specific inhibitorsof microfilament,cytochalasins B and D,and of myosin,N-ethylmaleimide and iodoacetic acid,are both able toprevent the coiling of tendril,without any effect on the electrical wave transmission.Colchicine,known toinhibit microtubule action,is ineffective in preventing coiling.Acetylcholine is able to provoke the tendril coilingdirectly.The effects of drug pretreatments support the proposal that the electrochemical wave transmission elicitedby stimulation is the forerunner for arousing the rapid movement of the sensitive tendril that the actin and myosinare taking part in.Turgor changes in tendril cells are intimately connected with the transmitted and the motoraction of the compact tissues lining along the more sensitive ventral side of the tendril.As the ventral cellsundergo the abrupt contraction and slightly shrink,the dorsal cells become expanded in coiling.Eventually,turgotresumes normal on both sides when uncoiling occurs.
