Incubation experiments were conducted to investigate the dynamics of low- molecufar-weight aliphatic acids in two andosols with and without plant materials. Results showed that amount of low- molecular-weight aliphati...Incubation experiments were conducted to investigate the dynamics of low- molecufar-weight aliphatic acids in two andosols with and without plant materials. Results showed that amount of low- molecular-weight aliphatic acids in soils alone varied considerably with water regime under which the soil was incubated,duration of incubation and soil organic matter content, ranging from 257-860 pmol kg-1 soil I of which 19%～33% was in free state. Incorporation of plant materials increased greatly both the amount and number of members of low- molecular- weight aliphaticacidst and also the proporticn of low-molec "far-weight aliphatic acids occurred in free state. Generally, among these aliphatic acids detected, acetic, propionic, glyoxalic and formic acids were predominant.展开更多
目的:观察熊去氧胆酸联合低分子肝素钙注射液与丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸治疗妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy,ICP)患者的临床疗效,分析患者血清胆汁酸(TBA)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)水平的变化及妊娠...目的:观察熊去氧胆酸联合低分子肝素钙注射液与丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸治疗妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy,ICP)患者的临床疗效,分析患者血清胆汁酸(TBA)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)水平的变化及妊娠情况。方法:将收治的135例ICP患者按照治疗方法不同分为A、B、C组,各45例,3组均行常规检查。A组口服熊去氧胆酸片;B组口服熊去氧胆酸片基础上注射丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸治疗;C组在B组治疗基础上联合低分子肝素钙治疗。对比3组临床疗效和妊娠情况,检测所有受试者治疗前后外周血TBA、ALT和AST水平。结果:治疗后,C组临床有效率(93.33%)高于A、B组(P<0.05)。治疗前,3组患者瘙痒评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,3组瘙痒评分较组内治疗前均降低(P<0.05),且治疗后C组低于A和B组(P<0.05),B组低于A组(P<0.05)。治疗前,3组TBA、ALT和AST水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,3组TBA、ALT和AST水平较组内治疗前均降低(P<0.05),且治疗后C组低于A和B组,B组低于A组(P<0.05)。治疗后,C组患者剖宫产、早产、胎儿窘迫和羊水污染发生率均低于A组和B组,且总不良反应发生率明显低于A组和B组(P<0.05)。结论:熊去氧胆酸联合低分子肝素钙注射液与丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸治疗ICP患者的临床疗效显著,能更有效缓解患者的瘙痒程度,降低血清TBA、ALT和AST水平,保护肝脏,减少胎儿窘迫和羊水污染等情况的发生,具有较高临床价值,可作为ICP的治疗方案进一步推广应用。展开更多
Low-molecular-weight （LMW） organic acids exist widely in soils and play an important role in soil processes such as mineral weathering, nutrient mobilization and A1 detoxification. In this research, a batch experime...Low-molecular-weight （LMW） organic acids exist widely in soils and play an important role in soil processes such as mineral weathering, nutrient mobilization and A1 detoxification. In this research, a batch experiment was conducted to examine the effects of LMW organic acids on dissolution of aluminum in two variably charged soils, an Ultisol and an Oxisol. The results showed that the LMW organic acids enhanced the dissolution of A1 in the two investigated soils in the following order： citric 〉 oxalic 〉 malonic 〉 malic 〉 tartaric 〉 salicylic 〉 lactic 〉 maleic. This was generally in agreement with the magnitude of the stability constants for the Al-organic complexes. The effects of LMW organic acids on Al dissolution were greater in the Ultisol than in the Oxisol as compared to their controls. Also, the accelerating effects of citric and oxalic acids on dissolution of A1 increased with an increase in pH, while the effects of lactic and salicylic acids decreased. Additionally, when the organic acid concentration was less than 0.2 mmol L-I, the dissolution of A1 changed Iittle with increase in acid concentration. However, when the organic acid concentration was greater than 0.2 mmol L^-1,the dissolution of A1 increased with increase in acid concentration. In addition to the acid first dissociation constant and stability constant of Al-organic complexes, the promoting effects of LMW organic acids on dissolution of A1 were also related to their sorption-desorption equilibrium in the soils.展开更多
文摘Incubation experiments were conducted to investigate the dynamics of low- molecufar-weight aliphatic acids in two andosols with and without plant materials. Results showed that amount of low- molecular-weight aliphatic acids in soils alone varied considerably with water regime under which the soil was incubated,duration of incubation and soil organic matter content, ranging from 257-860 pmol kg-1 soil I of which 19%～33% was in free state. Incorporation of plant materials increased greatly both the amount and number of members of low- molecular- weight aliphaticacidst and also the proporticn of low-molec "far-weight aliphatic acids occurred in free state. Generally, among these aliphatic acids detected, acetic, propionic, glyoxalic and formic acids were predominant.
文摘目的:观察熊去氧胆酸联合低分子肝素钙注射液与丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸治疗妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy,ICP)患者的临床疗效,分析患者血清胆汁酸(TBA)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)水平的变化及妊娠情况。方法:将收治的135例ICP患者按照治疗方法不同分为A、B、C组,各45例,3组均行常规检查。A组口服熊去氧胆酸片;B组口服熊去氧胆酸片基础上注射丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸治疗;C组在B组治疗基础上联合低分子肝素钙治疗。对比3组临床疗效和妊娠情况,检测所有受试者治疗前后外周血TBA、ALT和AST水平。结果:治疗后,C组临床有效率(93.33%)高于A、B组(P<0.05)。治疗前,3组患者瘙痒评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,3组瘙痒评分较组内治疗前均降低(P<0.05),且治疗后C组低于A和B组(P<0.05),B组低于A组(P<0.05)。治疗前,3组TBA、ALT和AST水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,3组TBA、ALT和AST水平较组内治疗前均降低(P<0.05),且治疗后C组低于A和B组,B组低于A组(P<0.05)。治疗后,C组患者剖宫产、早产、胎儿窘迫和羊水污染发生率均低于A组和B组,且总不良反应发生率明显低于A组和B组(P<0.05)。结论:熊去氧胆酸联合低分子肝素钙注射液与丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸治疗ICP患者的临床疗效显著,能更有效缓解患者的瘙痒程度,降低血清TBA、ALT和AST水平,保护肝脏,减少胎儿窘迫和羊水污染等情况的发生,具有较高临床价值,可作为ICP的治疗方案进一步推广应用。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40271062).
文摘Low-molecular-weight （LMW） organic acids exist widely in soils and play an important role in soil processes such as mineral weathering, nutrient mobilization and A1 detoxification. In this research, a batch experiment was conducted to examine the effects of LMW organic acids on dissolution of aluminum in two variably charged soils, an Ultisol and an Oxisol. The results showed that the LMW organic acids enhanced the dissolution of A1 in the two investigated soils in the following order： citric 〉 oxalic 〉 malonic 〉 malic 〉 tartaric 〉 salicylic 〉 lactic 〉 maleic. This was generally in agreement with the magnitude of the stability constants for the Al-organic complexes. The effects of LMW organic acids on Al dissolution were greater in the Ultisol than in the Oxisol as compared to their controls. Also, the accelerating effects of citric and oxalic acids on dissolution of A1 increased with an increase in pH, while the effects of lactic and salicylic acids decreased. Additionally, when the organic acid concentration was less than 0.2 mmol L-I, the dissolution of A1 changed Iittle with increase in acid concentration. However, when the organic acid concentration was greater than 0.2 mmol L^-1,the dissolution of A1 increased with increase in acid concentration. In addition to the acid first dissociation constant and stability constant of Al-organic complexes, the promoting effects of LMW organic acids on dissolution of A1 were also related to their sorption-desorption equilibrium in the soils.
