The microphysical properties of a long-lasting heavy fog event are examined based on the results from a comprehensive field campaign conducted during the winter of 2006 at Pancheng （32.2°N, 118.7°E）, Jiang...The microphysical properties of a long-lasting heavy fog event are examined based on the results from a comprehensive field campaign conducted during the winter of 2006 at Pancheng （32.2°N, 118.7°E）, Jiangsu Province, China. It is demonstrated that the key microphysical properties （liquid water content, fog droplet concentration, mean radius and standard deviation） exhibited positive correlations with one another in general, and that the 5-min-average maximum value of fog liquid water content was sometimes greater than 0.5 g m-3. Further analysis shows that the unique combination of positive correlations likely arose from the simultaneous supply of moist air and fog condensation nuclei associated with the advection of warm air, which further led to high liquid water content. High values of liquid water content and droplet concentration conspired to cause low visibility （〈50 m） for a prolonged period of about 40 h. Examination of the microphysical relationships conditioned by the corresponding autoconversion threshold functions shows that the collision-coalescence process was sometimes likely to occur, weakening the positive correlations induced by droplet activation and condensational growth. Statistical analysis shows that the observed droplet size distribution can be described well by the Gamma distribution.展开更多
In this paper, several periodic Hamming correlation lower bounds for frequency hopping sequences with low hit zone, with respect to the size p of the frequency slot set, the sequence length L, the family size M, low h...In this paper, several periodic Hamming correlation lower bounds for frequency hopping sequences with low hit zone, with respect to the size p of the frequency slot set, the sequence length L, the family size M, low hit zone LH （ or no hit zone NH ）, the maximum periodic Hamming autocorrelation sidelobe Ha and the maximum periodic Hamming crosscorrelation He, are established. It is shown that the new bounds include the known LempeI-Greenberger bounds, T.S. Seay bounds and Peng-Fan bounds for the conventional frequency hopping sequences as special cases.展开更多
Experimental investigations on NOx emissions of a single-cup,Lean Premixed Prevaporized(LPP),module combustor were carried out at elevated inlet temperature and pressure up to810 K and 2.0 MPa,close to the real operat...Experimental investigations on NOx emissions of a single-cup,Lean Premixed Prevaporized(LPP),module combustor were carried out at elevated inlet temperature and pressure up to810 K and 2.0 MPa,close to the real operating conditions of aero-engine combustors.This LPP combustor adopts centrally staged fuel injections which could produce separated stratified swirling spray flame.In the NOx emissions measurements,the ranges of dome equivalence ratio and fuel stage ratio were from 0.55 to 0.58 and 8%to 24%,respectively.The optical diagnosis on separated stratified swirling spray flame were carried out with fuel stage ratio changing from 15%to 30%.Therefore,NO*and OH*chemiluminescence images were obtained.The results show that NOx emissions increase with the increase of the fuel stage ratio.And from the chemiluminescence images,the main flame and pilot flame are found weakly coupled.The pilot flame plays a significant role in NOx emission production because of its higher adiabatic flame temperature.Based on the results of chemiluminescence optical tests,a new NOx emission prediction model is proposed based on the Lefebvre’s single flame model The estimate of local equivalence ratio of the pilot stage’s nonpremixed flame is modified considering the characteristics of spray combustion,and a"PLUS"emission prediction model suitable for separated stratified swirling spray flame is obtained.Compared to the experimental data,the"PLUS"model exhibits a good prediction in a range of±13%of deviation.展开更多
Cross-lingual summarization(CLS)is the task of generating a summary in a target language from a document in a source language.Recently,end-to-end CLS models have achieved impressive results using large-scale,high-qual...Cross-lingual summarization(CLS)is the task of generating a summary in a target language from a document in a source language.Recently,end-to-end CLS models have achieved impressive results using large-scale,high-quality datasets typically constructed by translating monolingual summary corpora into CLS corpora.However,due to the limited performance of low-resource language translation models,translation noise can seriously degrade the performance of these models.In this paper,we propose a fine-grained reinforcement learning approach to address low-resource CLS based on noisy data.We introduce the source language summary as a gold signal to alleviate the impact of the translated noisy target summary.Specifically,we design a reinforcement reward by calculating the word correlation and word missing degree between the source language summary and the generated target language summary,and combine it with cross-entropy loss to optimize the CLS model.To validate the performance of our proposed model,we construct Chinese-Vietnamese and Vietnamese-Chinese CLS datasets.Experimental results show that our proposed model outperforms the baselines in terms of both the ROUGE score and BERTScore.展开更多
The objectives of this present research were to assess the heritability of growth traits under low temperature conditions in turbot（Scophthalmus maximus L.）, and to analyze the correlation between body weight（BW） ...The objectives of this present research were to assess the heritability of growth traits under low temperature conditions in turbot（Scophthalmus maximus L.）, and to analyze the correlation between body weight（BW） and body length（BL）. There were 536 individuals from 25 full- and half-sib families involved in this study. During the entire 90-day period, which was initiated at 233 dph（day old） and ended at 323 dph, the individuals＇ BW and BL were weighed consecutively six times every 18 days. The heritability of BW and BL and the correlation between these two traits were estimated based on an individual animal model with the derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood（DFREML） method. These results showed that the specific growth rates（SGR） of 25 families was from 0.75±0.11 to 1.05±0.14 under water temperature of 10.5–12°C. In addition, the heritability of BW and BL estimated under low-temperature were 0.32±0.04 and 0.47±0.06, respectively. The BW had a medium heritability（0.2–0.4）, and the BL had a high heritability（〉0.45）, which suggested that selection for increased weight and length was feasible. Moreover, there was potential for mass selection on growth. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between BW and BL were 0.95±0.01 and 0.91±0.01（P 〈 0.01）, respectively. A significant correlation between BW and BL showed that BL could be instead of BW for indirect selection, which could be effectively implemented in the breeding program.展开更多
基金mainly provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40537034 and 40775012)the Natural Science Fund for Universities in Jiangsu Province(Grant Nos. 06KJA17021 and 08KJA170002)+1 种基金the Meteorology Fund of the Ministry of Science and Technology [Grant No. GYHY (QX) 2007-6-26]the Qing-Lan Project for cloud-fog-precipitation-aerosol study in Jiangsu Province and the Graduate Student Innovation Plan in the Universities of Jiangsu Province (CX09B 226Z)
文摘The microphysical properties of a long-lasting heavy fog event are examined based on the results from a comprehensive field campaign conducted during the winter of 2006 at Pancheng （32.2°N, 118.7°E）, Jiangsu Province, China. It is demonstrated that the key microphysical properties （liquid water content, fog droplet concentration, mean radius and standard deviation） exhibited positive correlations with one another in general, and that the 5-min-average maximum value of fog liquid water content was sometimes greater than 0.5 g m-3. Further analysis shows that the unique combination of positive correlations likely arose from the simultaneous supply of moist air and fog condensation nuclei associated with the advection of warm air, which further led to high liquid water content. High values of liquid water content and droplet concentration conspired to cause low visibility （〈50 m） for a prolonged period of about 40 h. Examination of the microphysical relationships conditioned by the corresponding autoconversion threshold functions shows that the collision-coalescence process was sometimes likely to occur, weakening the positive correlations induced by droplet activation and condensational growth. Statistical analysis shows that the observed droplet size distribution can be described well by the Gamma distribution.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 60572142） the NSFC/RFBR Joint Research Scheme, the NSFC/K0SEF Joint Research Scheme, and IITA, South Korea.
文摘In this paper, several periodic Hamming correlation lower bounds for frequency hopping sequences with low hit zone, with respect to the size p of the frequency slot set, the sequence length L, the family size M, low hit zone LH （ or no hit zone NH ）, the maximum periodic Hamming autocorrelation sidelobe Ha and the maximum periodic Hamming crosscorrelation He, are established. It is shown that the new bounds include the known LempeI-Greenberger bounds, T.S. Seay bounds and Peng-Fan bounds for the conventional frequency hopping sequences as special cases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91641109).
文摘Experimental investigations on NOx emissions of a single-cup,Lean Premixed Prevaporized(LPP),module combustor were carried out at elevated inlet temperature and pressure up to810 K and 2.0 MPa,close to the real operating conditions of aero-engine combustors.This LPP combustor adopts centrally staged fuel injections which could produce separated stratified swirling spray flame.In the NOx emissions measurements,the ranges of dome equivalence ratio and fuel stage ratio were from 0.55 to 0.58 and 8%to 24%,respectively.The optical diagnosis on separated stratified swirling spray flame were carried out with fuel stage ratio changing from 15%to 30%.Therefore,NO*and OH*chemiluminescence images were obtained.The results show that NOx emissions increase with the increase of the fuel stage ratio.And from the chemiluminescence images,the main flame and pilot flame are found weakly coupled.The pilot flame plays a significant role in NOx emission production because of its higher adiabatic flame temperature.Based on the results of chemiluminescence optical tests,a new NOx emission prediction model is proposed based on the Lefebvre’s single flame model The estimate of local equivalence ratio of the pilot stage’s nonpremixed flame is modified considering the characteristics of spray combustion,and a"PLUS"emission prediction model suitable for separated stratified swirling spray flame is obtained.Compared to the experimental data,the"PLUS"model exhibits a good prediction in a range of±13%of deviation.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U21B2027,62266027,61972186,62241604)the Yunnan Provincial Major Science and Technology Special Plan Projects,China(Nos.202302AD080003,202103AA080015,and 202202AD080003)+1 种基金the General Projects of Basic Research in Yunnan Province,China(Nos.202301AT070471 and 202301AT070393)the Kunming University of Science and Technology“Double First-Class”Joint Project,China(No.202201BE070001-021)。
文摘Cross-lingual summarization(CLS)is the task of generating a summary in a target language from a document in a source language.Recently,end-to-end CLS models have achieved impressive results using large-scale,high-quality datasets typically constructed by translating monolingual summary corpora into CLS corpora.However,due to the limited performance of low-resource language translation models,translation noise can seriously degrade the performance of these models.In this paper,we propose a fine-grained reinforcement learning approach to address low-resource CLS based on noisy data.We introduce the source language summary as a gold signal to alleviate the impact of the translated noisy target summary.Specifically,we design a reinforcement reward by calculating the word correlation and word missing degree between the source language summary and the generated target language summary,and combine it with cross-entropy loss to optimize the CLS model.To validate the performance of our proposed model,we construct Chinese-Vietnamese and Vietnamese-Chinese CLS datasets.Experimental results show that our proposed model outperforms the baselines in terms of both the ROUGE score and BERTScore.
基金The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2012AA10A408-7the Special Funding for Basic Scientific Research of Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute under contract No.2010-cb-04
文摘The objectives of this present research were to assess the heritability of growth traits under low temperature conditions in turbot（Scophthalmus maximus L.）, and to analyze the correlation between body weight（BW） and body length（BL）. There were 536 individuals from 25 full- and half-sib families involved in this study. During the entire 90-day period, which was initiated at 233 dph（day old） and ended at 323 dph, the individuals＇ BW and BL were weighed consecutively six times every 18 days. The heritability of BW and BL and the correlation between these two traits were estimated based on an individual animal model with the derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood（DFREML） method. These results showed that the specific growth rates（SGR） of 25 families was from 0.75±0.11 to 1.05±0.14 under water temperature of 10.5–12°C. In addition, the heritability of BW and BL estimated under low-temperature were 0.32±0.04 and 0.47±0.06, respectively. The BW had a medium heritability（0.2–0.4）, and the BL had a high heritability（〉0.45）, which suggested that selection for increased weight and length was feasible. Moreover, there was potential for mass selection on growth. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between BW and BL were 0.95±0.01 and 0.91±0.01（P 〈 0.01）, respectively. A significant correlation between BW and BL showed that BL could be instead of BW for indirect selection, which could be effectively implemented in the breeding program.
