陕西关中盆地的泾阳南塬和西安东郊席王晚更新世黄土剖面底部的S_1古土壤是由4层古土壤及与其相间的3层黄土构成,L_1黄土是由3层黄土及夹于其间的两层古土壤构成。这是目前发现的黄土高原晚更新世黄土-古土壤序列保存较好的剖面。两剖...陕西关中盆地的泾阳南塬和西安东郊席王晚更新世黄土剖面底部的S_1古土壤是由4层古土壤及与其相间的3层黄土构成,L_1黄土是由3层黄土及夹于其间的两层古土壤构成。这是目前发现的黄土高原晚更新世黄土-古土壤序列保存较好的剖面。两剖面的地层结构、磁化率曲线和地球化学组分反映出的12个温湿、冷干气候变化阶段可以归纳为6个气候变化旋回。这是目前建立的我国黄土高原晚更新世(130—10ka B P)较短时间尺度的气候变化模式,它与经典的深海氧同位素记录曲线是不相一致的。展开更多
The isotopic composition of soil or paleosol carbonate can be a sensitive paleoclimatic indicator. The relationships between the oxygen isotopic composition of modem soil carbonates and that of meteoric waters and bet...The isotopic composition of soil or paleosol carbonate can be a sensitive paleoclimatic indicator. The relationships between the oxygen isotopic composition of modem soil carbonates and that of meteoric waters and between the carbon isotopic composition of the soil carbonates and the fraction of the plants using the C<sub>4</sub> photosynthetic pathway in展开更多
The West Sichuan Plateau is located in the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau, where the climate is mainly influenced by the Indian southwest summer monsoon and the Tibetan Plateau monsoon. In this study, detaile...The West Sichuan Plateau is located in the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau, where the climate is mainly influenced by the Indian southwest summer monsoon and the Tibetan Plateau monsoon. In this study, detailed geochemical analysis has been carried out on Ganzisi loess-paleosol sequence in Ganzê County of western Sichuan Province. The results indicate that Ganzê loess and paleosol have experienced the incipient stage of chemical weathering in dust source regions, characterized by the decomposition of plagioclase which caused the depletion of mobile elements Na and Ca. The post-depositional chemical weathering is characterized by carbonate dissolution and oxidation of Fe2+. The variations of some geochemical indexes (such as CIA values, Na/K and Fe2+/ Fe3+ ratios) in Ganzisi loess-paleosol sequence indicate a gradually decreased chemical weathering intensity in the dust source regions and deposition areas since 1.15 Ma BP consistent with the general increase of global ice volume, reflecting that the arid trend since 1.15 Ma BP in the southeast Tibetan Plateau is a regional response to the global climate change. The geochemical indexes in this section also reveal an obvious drying step occurred at about 250 ka BP in this region. We interpret this drying step as a result of decreased influence of the Indian southwest summer monsoon. This decrease in monsoon moisture is probably attributable to the uplift of the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau at about 250 ka BP.展开更多
Grain size of eolian deposits from the Loess Plateau in China has been widely used to reconstruct the history of the East Asian winter monsoon. However, the grain size of bulk samples is only partially indicative to t...Grain size of eolian deposits from the Loess Plateau in China has been widely used to reconstruct the history of the East Asian winter monsoon. However, the grain size of bulk samples is only partially indicative to the strength of the winter monsoon because post-depositional weathering processes have significantly changed the grain size of original eolian particles. Here, non-weathered loess samples were separated into eight different particle fractions, and major chemical elements were determined in order to establish a geochemical indicator of original eolian grain size. The results show that SiO2 and AI2O3 contents and the SiO2/AI2O3 ratio in different fractions vary regularly with grain size, and that a good linear relation exists between the SiO2/AI2O3 ratio and grain size for the fractions <50μm. Because Al and Si are among the most stable elements and pedogenic processes in the Loess Plateau cannot affect the SiO2/AI2O3 ratio, this index can be used to reflect the grain size of original eolian particles. Application of this index in the Weinan and Luochuan loess sections of the last climatic cycle shows that SiO2/AI2O3 is in good agreement with median grain size (Md) in the loess units. On the contrary, SiO2/AI2O3 has documented a series of fluctuations in the soil units that are not clearly indicated by the grain-size changes of bulk samples.展开更多
In the Loess Plateau of China, the orbitally induced climatic oscillations are generally expressed by alternation of pedogenetic and sedimentary events (pedosedimentary events). In the last years, investigations at di...In the Loess Plateau of China, the orbitally induced climatic oscillations are generally expressed by alternation of pedogenetic and sedimentary events (pedosedimentary events). In the last years, investigations at different localities revealed that complete loess-soil sequences contain 37 major soil stratigraphic units which are spatially correlativ. Recent studies have demonstrated that many of these soil units are polygenetic (polycyclic), which were formed by several pedogenetic stages interrupted by dust deposition stages, evidencing climatic oscillations within the interglacial periods. Some loess units contain also clearly ex-展开更多
This paper summarizes the work from the INQUA 1997 Project "Response of soilformation to short-warm-episodes of Asian summer monsoon" and its seeded related internationaland domestic grants. It reviews the e...This paper summarizes the work from the INQUA 1997 Project "Response of soilformation to short-warm-episodes of Asian summer monsoon" and its seeded related internationaland domestic grants. It reviews the effects of the millennial monsoonal changes on the loess-paleosols of the Chinese Loess and Tibetan Plateaus. High-resolution proxy records ofpedogenesis and monsoons demonstrate that both Asian winter and summer monsoons wereunstable and synchronously and inversely coupled during the last glaciation. During that timerapid episodic cycles of cold surges and warm enhancements spanned only ca. 1-2 ka in high-frequency domain. Sub-Milankovitch cycles (6-8 ka) of progressive cooling or weakening in low-frequency domain generally resembled the pattern of the North Atlantic climatic change. However,during the last interglacial, Asian winter and summer monsoons seemed to vary independently, theformer being stable and the later unstable. Soil formation seems to occur in surprisingly fastresponse to the summer monsoon warm enhancements, resulting in weakly or moderatelydeveloped paleosol sequences. North Atlantic and polar cold air surges though the westerlies andother paths, and the north-south swing of the westerlies beside the Tibetan Plateau, may be thealternative mechanisms for the rapid monsoonal changes during the last glacial. But in the lastinterglacial, the summer monsoons worked largely independently.展开更多
秦岭作为我国南方和北方地理、气候、自然环境的天然分界线,并当作是黄土高原的南屏障。汉江上游谷地地区位于秦岭南侧,属于北亚热带气候区域,受季风气候活动影响强烈。为了探讨该地区在亚热带气候背景下,风成黄土成壤改造对气候变化的...秦岭作为我国南方和北方地理、气候、自然环境的天然分界线,并当作是黄土高原的南屏障。汉江上游谷地地区位于秦岭南侧,属于北亚热带气候区域,受季风气候活动影响强烈。为了探讨该地区在亚热带气候背景下,风成黄土成壤改造对气候变化的响应机制,通过对汉江上游谷地前坊村(QFC)剖面磁化率、烧失量、粒度、Rb/Sr等理化性质进行研究。结果表明:1末次冰期以来沙尘暴很有可能越过秦岭在其南侧堆积,黄土—古土壤剖面地层序列从上到下依次为:MS-L0-S0-Lt-L1-AD;这些沉积物完整记录了一级阶地上晚更新世气候变化信息,地层单元受到各个时期不同程度成壤强度的改造。2前坊村剖面中,理化性质在不同地层单元有显著差异。例如磁化率、烧失量、Rb/Sr指标平均含量的高值出现在古土壤层中,低值出现在黄土层;而Zr/Rb含量变化正好相反;这些理化性质表明,在古土壤发育期,水热条件进入最适宜期,沉积物的风化成壤作用显著;在黄土堆积期,气候寒冷干燥,主要以粉尘堆积为主,沉积物的风化成壤作用较弱。3秦岭南侧北亚热带汉江上游前坊村一级阶地剖面化学风化强度变化揭示了黄土—古土壤环境气候变化的规律:末次冰期以来(大约18.0~11.5 ka B.P.),气候干冷,沙尘暴频繁出现,沉积物以黄土堆积为主,成壤作用微弱,形成马兰黄土(L1);全新世早期(约11.5~8.5 ka B.P.),气候由干冷向暖湿方向转变,但主要以干冷为主,形成过渡层(Lt);在全新世大暖期(8.5~3.1 ka B.P.),气候条件达到最优阶段,水热配合较好,生物活动活跃,成壤作用十分显著,发育了古土壤S0;到了全新世晚期以来(3.1 ka B.P.)气候又由暖湿向干冷方向转变,成壤作用明显减弱,沙尘暴出现较为频繁,形成了以黄土堆积为主的全新世黄土(L0)。现代表土层(MS)是在(1.5 ka B.P.)以来气候转暖,加之人类长期农业耕作扰动,在全新�展开更多
文摘陕西关中盆地的泾阳南塬和西安东郊席王晚更新世黄土剖面底部的S_1古土壤是由4层古土壤及与其相间的3层黄土构成,L_1黄土是由3层黄土及夹于其间的两层古土壤构成。这是目前发现的黄土高原晚更新世黄土-古土壤序列保存较好的剖面。两剖面的地层结构、磁化率曲线和地球化学组分反映出的12个温湿、冷干气候变化阶段可以归纳为6个气候变化旋回。这是目前建立的我国黄土高原晚更新世(130—10ka B P)较短时间尺度的气候变化模式,它与经典的深海氧同位素记录曲线是不相一致的。
基金Project supported by Xi'an Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Academia Sinica
文摘The isotopic composition of soil or paleosol carbonate can be a sensitive paleoclimatic indicator. The relationships between the oxygen isotopic composition of modem soil carbonates and that of meteoric waters and between the carbon isotopic composition of the soil carbonates and the fraction of the plants using the C<sub>4</sub> photosynthetic pathway in
基金Supported by the Geological Survey Program (Grant Nos. 1212010741403 and 1212010541401)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 404720 88)Basic Research Foundation of Institute of Geomechanics (Grant No. DZL- XJK200711)
文摘The West Sichuan Plateau is located in the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau, where the climate is mainly influenced by the Indian southwest summer monsoon and the Tibetan Plateau monsoon. In this study, detailed geochemical analysis has been carried out on Ganzisi loess-paleosol sequence in Ganzê County of western Sichuan Province. The results indicate that Ganzê loess and paleosol have experienced the incipient stage of chemical weathering in dust source regions, characterized by the decomposition of plagioclase which caused the depletion of mobile elements Na and Ca. The post-depositional chemical weathering is characterized by carbonate dissolution and oxidation of Fe2+. The variations of some geochemical indexes (such as CIA values, Na/K and Fe2+/ Fe3+ ratios) in Ganzisi loess-paleosol sequence indicate a gradually decreased chemical weathering intensity in the dust source regions and deposition areas since 1.15 Ma BP consistent with the general increase of global ice volume, reflecting that the arid trend since 1.15 Ma BP in the southeast Tibetan Plateau is a regional response to the global climate change. The geochemical indexes in this section also reveal an obvious drying step occurred at about 250 ka BP in this region. We interpret this drying step as a result of decreased influence of the Indian southwest summer monsoon. This decrease in monsoon moisture is probably attributable to the uplift of the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau at about 250 ka BP.
基金the National Basic Research Project (GrantNo. 1998040800), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 49725206, 49894170-06 and 40024202) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX2-108).
文摘Grain size of eolian deposits from the Loess Plateau in China has been widely used to reconstruct the history of the East Asian winter monsoon. However, the grain size of bulk samples is only partially indicative to the strength of the winter monsoon because post-depositional weathering processes have significantly changed the grain size of original eolian particles. Here, non-weathered loess samples were separated into eight different particle fractions, and major chemical elements were determined in order to establish a geochemical indicator of original eolian grain size. The results show that SiO2 and AI2O3 contents and the SiO2/AI2O3 ratio in different fractions vary regularly with grain size, and that a good linear relation exists between the SiO2/AI2O3 ratio and grain size for the fractions <50μm. Because Al and Si are among the most stable elements and pedogenic processes in the Loess Plateau cannot affect the SiO2/AI2O3 ratio, this index can be used to reflect the grain size of original eolian particles. Application of this index in the Weinan and Luochuan loess sections of the last climatic cycle shows that SiO2/AI2O3 is in good agreement with median grain size (Md) in the loess units. On the contrary, SiO2/AI2O3 has documented a series of fluctuations in the soil units that are not clearly indicated by the grain-size changes of bulk samples.
文摘In the Loess Plateau of China, the orbitally induced climatic oscillations are generally expressed by alternation of pedogenetic and sedimentary events (pedosedimentary events). In the last years, investigations at different localities revealed that complete loess-soil sequences contain 37 major soil stratigraphic units which are spatially correlativ. Recent studies have demonstrated that many of these soil units are polygenetic (polycyclic), which were formed by several pedogenetic stages interrupted by dust deposition stages, evidencing climatic oscillations within the interglacial periods. Some loess units contain also clearly ex-
文摘This paper summarizes the work from the INQUA 1997 Project "Response of soilformation to short-warm-episodes of Asian summer monsoon" and its seeded related internationaland domestic grants. It reviews the effects of the millennial monsoonal changes on the loess-paleosols of the Chinese Loess and Tibetan Plateaus. High-resolution proxy records ofpedogenesis and monsoons demonstrate that both Asian winter and summer monsoons wereunstable and synchronously and inversely coupled during the last glaciation. During that timerapid episodic cycles of cold surges and warm enhancements spanned only ca. 1-2 ka in high-frequency domain. Sub-Milankovitch cycles (6-8 ka) of progressive cooling or weakening in low-frequency domain generally resembled the pattern of the North Atlantic climatic change. However,during the last interglacial, Asian winter and summer monsoons seemed to vary independently, theformer being stable and the later unstable. Soil formation seems to occur in surprisingly fastresponse to the summer monsoon warm enhancements, resulting in weakly or moderatelydeveloped paleosol sequences. North Atlantic and polar cold air surges though the westerlies andother paths, and the north-south swing of the westerlies beside the Tibetan Plateau, may be thealternative mechanisms for the rapid monsoonal changes during the last glacial. But in the lastinterglacial, the summer monsoons worked largely independently.
文摘秦岭作为我国南方和北方地理、气候、自然环境的天然分界线,并当作是黄土高原的南屏障。汉江上游谷地地区位于秦岭南侧,属于北亚热带气候区域,受季风气候活动影响强烈。为了探讨该地区在亚热带气候背景下,风成黄土成壤改造对气候变化的响应机制,通过对汉江上游谷地前坊村(QFC)剖面磁化率、烧失量、粒度、Rb/Sr等理化性质进行研究。结果表明:1末次冰期以来沙尘暴很有可能越过秦岭在其南侧堆积,黄土—古土壤剖面地层序列从上到下依次为:MS-L0-S0-Lt-L1-AD;这些沉积物完整记录了一级阶地上晚更新世气候变化信息,地层单元受到各个时期不同程度成壤强度的改造。2前坊村剖面中,理化性质在不同地层单元有显著差异。例如磁化率、烧失量、Rb/Sr指标平均含量的高值出现在古土壤层中,低值出现在黄土层;而Zr/Rb含量变化正好相反;这些理化性质表明,在古土壤发育期,水热条件进入最适宜期,沉积物的风化成壤作用显著;在黄土堆积期,气候寒冷干燥,主要以粉尘堆积为主,沉积物的风化成壤作用较弱。3秦岭南侧北亚热带汉江上游前坊村一级阶地剖面化学风化强度变化揭示了黄土—古土壤环境气候变化的规律:末次冰期以来(大约18.0~11.5 ka B.P.),气候干冷,沙尘暴频繁出现,沉积物以黄土堆积为主,成壤作用微弱,形成马兰黄土(L1);全新世早期(约11.5~8.5 ka B.P.),气候由干冷向暖湿方向转变,但主要以干冷为主,形成过渡层(Lt);在全新世大暖期(8.5~3.1 ka B.P.),气候条件达到最优阶段,水热配合较好,生物活动活跃,成壤作用十分显著,发育了古土壤S0;到了全新世晚期以来(3.1 ka B.P.)气候又由暖湿向干冷方向转变,成壤作用明显减弱,沙尘暴出现较为频繁,形成了以黄土堆积为主的全新世黄土(L0)。现代表土层(MS)是在(1.5 ka B.P.)以来气候转暖,加之人类长期农业耕作扰动,在全新�
