BACKGROUND The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is rising rapidly in rural areas,and lifestyle interventions can effectively reduce the blood glucose levels of patients with T2DM.However,current dietary and...BACKGROUND The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is rising rapidly in rural areas,and lifestyle interventions can effectively reduce the blood glucose levels of patients with T2DM.However,current dietary and exercise guidelines are still at experimental stages and are difficult for subjects to understand and implement.The Human Metabolism Analyzer provides real life interventions for the prevention and treatment of T2DM,and our pilot research has demonstrated its effectiveness and good compliance.AIM To investigate the effect of and compliance with lifestyle interventions in rural patients with T2DM.METHODS A total of ten rural villages were randomly selected in Chaoshui Township,Penglai City,Shandong Province,China,to conduct health screening among residents aged 50 years or older.Each rural village represented a group,and 12 patients with T2DM were randomly selected from each group(total:120)to participate in this study and receive real life lifestyle interventions and medication guidance.Lifestyle interventions included changing the meal order(A),postprandial activities(B),resistance exercise(C),and reverse abdominal breathing(D).Diabetes education was conducted at least once a month with a weekly phone follow-up to monitor exercise and diet.Waist circumference,blood pressure,body mass index(BMI),motor function,body composition,fasting blood glucose,and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)were analyzed before and 3 mo after the intervention.Moreover,patient compliance and adjustments of hypoglycemic drugs were evaluated.RESULTS A total of 109 subjects completed the study.The compliance rates for lifestyle interventions A,B,C,and D were 57.79%,60.55%,64.22%,and 75.23%,respectively.Among the subjects who received hypoglycemic drugs,the dose was reduced 2 to 3 times based on blood glucose in 54(67.50%)subjects and was tapered and discontinued in 5(6.25%)subjects within 3 mo,with no significant fluctuations in blood glucose after dose reduction and withdrawal.After lifestyle interventions,waist circumference,BMI,f展开更多
BACKGROUND Lifestyle factors such as body mass index(BMI),alcohol drinking,and cigarette smoking,are likely to impact the prognosis of gastric cancer,but the evidence has been inconsistent.AIM To investigate the assoc...BACKGROUND Lifestyle factors such as body mass index(BMI),alcohol drinking,and cigarette smoking,are likely to impact the prognosis of gastric cancer,but the evidence has been inconsistent.AIM To investigate the association of lifestyle factors and long-term prognosis of gastric cancer patients in the China National Cancer Center.METHODS Patients with gastric cancer were identified from the China National Cancer Center Gastric Cancer Database 1998-2018.Survival analysis was performed via Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards models.RESULTS In this study,we reviewed 18441 cases of gastric cancer.Individuals who were overweight or obese were associated with a positive smoking and drinking history(P=0.002 and P<0.001,respectively).Current smokers were more likely to be current alcohol drinkers(61.3%vs 10.1%vs 43.2%for current,never,and former smokers,respectively,P<0.001).Multivariable results indicated that BMI at diagnosis had no significant effect on prognosis.In gastrectomy patients,factors independently associated with poor survival included older age(HR=1.20,95%CI:1.05-1.38,P=0.001),any weight loss(P<0.001),smoking history of more than 30 years(HR=1.14,95%CI:1.04-1.24,P=0.004),and increasing pTNM stage(P<0.001).CONCLUSION In conclusion,our results contribute to a better understanding of lifestyle factors on the overall burden of gastric cancer and long-term prognosis.In these patients,weight loss(both in the 0 to 10%and>10%groups)but not BMI at diagnosis was related to survival outcomes.With regard to other factors,smoking history of more than 30 years conferred a worse prognosis only in patients who underwent gastrectomy.Extensive efforts are needed to elucidate mechanisms targeting the complex effects of lifestyle factors.展开更多
目的：研究儿童视屏行为和家庭相关因素与儿童体重指数（ body mass index,BMI）的关系,以及家庭相关因素如何通过影响儿童视屏行为而作用于儿童BMI。方法：选择北京市某城区12所小学7~11岁共1846名学生作为研究对象,对学生进行身高、...目的：研究儿童视屏行为和家庭相关因素与儿童体重指数（ body mass index,BMI）的关系,以及家庭相关因素如何通过影响儿童视屏行为而作用于儿童BMI。方法：选择北京市某城区12所小学7~11岁共1846名学生作为研究对象,对学生进行身高、体重测量,计算BMI。通过问卷调查学生的视屏行为时间及其相关的家庭因素。儿童的视屏行为时间是学生回忆过去7 d平均每天看电视/视频的时间和使用电脑/游戏机/iPad的时间。调查可能与儿童视屏行为相关的家庭因素,包括父母的文化程度、职业、视屏行为时间、父母是否告诉儿童视屏行为的不良影响、父母限制儿童视屏行为时间。由父母文化程度和职业计算得到家庭社会经济地位评分。结果：儿童视屏行为时间的中位数为1 h/d,四分位间距为1 h/d。父母限制视屏行为时间〈120 min/d者与父母限制视屏行为时间≥120 min/d者相比,男生BMI降低了1.63 kg/m2（P〈0.001）,女生降低了0.85 kg/m2（P=0.004）。家庭经济地位评分、父母视屏行为时间、父母是否告诉儿童视屏行为的不良影响与儿童的BMI无关。男、女生视屏行为时间在父母限制儿童视屏行为时间和男、女生 BMI 关系的中介效应值分别为-0.222 kg/m2（95%CI：-0.432,-0.095）、-0.187 kg/m2（95%CI：-0.507,-0.049）,中介效应占总效应的比例分别为13.67%、22.11%。结论：父母限制儿童视屏行为时间通过影响儿童视屏行为时间而作用于儿童BMI。家长对儿童的教育对儿童BMI的作用不如家长对儿童行为的监督。所以,在今后儿童肥胖的预防和控制工作中,家长参与监督儿童的行为是必不可少的。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is rising rapidly in rural areas,and lifestyle interventions can effectively reduce the blood glucose levels of patients with T2DM.However,current dietary and exercise guidelines are still at experimental stages and are difficult for subjects to understand and implement.The Human Metabolism Analyzer provides real life interventions for the prevention and treatment of T2DM,and our pilot research has demonstrated its effectiveness and good compliance.AIM To investigate the effect of and compliance with lifestyle interventions in rural patients with T2DM.METHODS A total of ten rural villages were randomly selected in Chaoshui Township,Penglai City,Shandong Province,China,to conduct health screening among residents aged 50 years or older.Each rural village represented a group,and 12 patients with T2DM were randomly selected from each group(total:120)to participate in this study and receive real life lifestyle interventions and medication guidance.Lifestyle interventions included changing the meal order(A),postprandial activities(B),resistance exercise(C),and reverse abdominal breathing(D).Diabetes education was conducted at least once a month with a weekly phone follow-up to monitor exercise and diet.Waist circumference,blood pressure,body mass index(BMI),motor function,body composition,fasting blood glucose,and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)were analyzed before and 3 mo after the intervention.Moreover,patient compliance and adjustments of hypoglycemic drugs were evaluated.RESULTS A total of 109 subjects completed the study.The compliance rates for lifestyle interventions A,B,C,and D were 57.79%,60.55%,64.22%,and 75.23%,respectively.Among the subjects who received hypoglycemic drugs,the dose was reduced 2 to 3 times based on blood glucose in 54(67.50%)subjects and was tapered and discontinued in 5(6.25%)subjects within 3 mo,with no significant fluctuations in blood glucose after dose reduction and withdrawal.After lifestyle interventions,waist circumference,BMI,f
基金National Key R&D Program of China,No.2017YFC0908300.
文摘BACKGROUND Lifestyle factors such as body mass index(BMI),alcohol drinking,and cigarette smoking,are likely to impact the prognosis of gastric cancer,but the evidence has been inconsistent.AIM To investigate the association of lifestyle factors and long-term prognosis of gastric cancer patients in the China National Cancer Center.METHODS Patients with gastric cancer were identified from the China National Cancer Center Gastric Cancer Database 1998-2018.Survival analysis was performed via Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards models.RESULTS In this study,we reviewed 18441 cases of gastric cancer.Individuals who were overweight or obese were associated with a positive smoking and drinking history(P=0.002 and P<0.001,respectively).Current smokers were more likely to be current alcohol drinkers(61.3%vs 10.1%vs 43.2%for current,never,and former smokers,respectively,P<0.001).Multivariable results indicated that BMI at diagnosis had no significant effect on prognosis.In gastrectomy patients,factors independently associated with poor survival included older age(HR=1.20,95%CI:1.05-1.38,P=0.001),any weight loss(P<0.001),smoking history of more than 30 years(HR=1.14,95%CI:1.04-1.24,P=0.004),and increasing pTNM stage(P<0.001).CONCLUSION In conclusion,our results contribute to a better understanding of lifestyle factors on the overall burden of gastric cancer and long-term prognosis.In these patients,weight loss(both in the 0 to 10%and>10%groups)but not BMI at diagnosis was related to survival outcomes.With regard to other factors,smoking history of more than 30 years conferred a worse prognosis only in patients who underwent gastrectomy.Extensive efforts are needed to elucidate mechanisms targeting the complex effects of lifestyle factors.
