目的回顾1996～2007年新疆维吾尔自治区喀什市内脏利氏曼病的流行情况,为采取相应的防治对策提供依据。方法汇总喀什市1996～2007年的"内脏利氏曼病病人报告表",采用EPI DATA 2.1b和EPI INFO 2002录入和分析。结果1996～2007...目的回顾1996～2007年新疆维吾尔自治区喀什市内脏利氏曼病的流行情况,为采取相应的防治对策提供依据。方法汇总喀什市1996～2007年的"内脏利氏曼病病人报告表",采用EPI DATA 2.1b和EPI INFO 2002录入和分析。结果1996～2007年喀什市有内脏利氏曼病病人994例。喀什市的8个乡中的6个乡有流行,并主要集中在伯什克然木乡(占74.14%),其余乡呈散发状态;男女患者比例为1∶1.14;0～5岁和6～10岁年龄组人群病例数最多,分别占发病总数的28.87%和28.77%,随年龄的增大病例数呈减少趋势;发病人数自1996年起逐年增多,2002年达到最高峰(200例),其后逐年下降。结论喀什市仍然是内脏利氏曼病的高发区。展开更多
BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania and transmitted by infected sand flies.VL has a low incidence in China,and its clinical presentation is complex and atypical.This diseas...BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania and transmitted by infected sand flies.VL has a low incidence in China,and its clinical presentation is complex and atypical.This disease is easily misdiagnosed and can become life-threatening within a short period of time.Therefore,early,rapid and accurate diagnosis and treatment of the disease are essential.CASE SUMMARY A 25-year-old male patient presented with the clinical manifestations of irregular fever,hepatosplenomegaly,increased polyclonal globulin,and pancytopenia.The first bone marrow puncture biopsy did not provide a clear diagnosis.In order to relieve the pressure and discomfort of the organs caused by the enlarged spleen and to confirm the diagnosis,splenectomy was performed,and hemophagocytic syndrome was diagnosed by pathological examination of the spleen biopsy.Following bone marrow and spleen pathological re-diagnosis and metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)technology detection,the patient was finally diagnosed with VL.After treatment with liposomal amphotericin B,the body temperature quickly returned to normal and the hemocytes recovered gradually.Post-treatment re-examination of the bone marrow puncture and mNGS data showed that Leishmania was not detected.CONCLUSION As a fast and accurate detection method,mNGS can diagnose and evaluate the efficacy of treatment in suspicious cases of leishmaniasis.展开更多
目的分析2005—2015年新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州（简称克州）内脏利什曼病的流行趋势,为制定和采取相应的防治对策提供依据。方法汇总2005—2015年克州内脏利什曼病的报告数据,采用Microsoft Excel 2010和Epi Info 3.5.3对资料进行分...目的分析2005—2015年新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州（简称克州）内脏利什曼病的流行趋势,为制定和采取相应的防治对策提供依据。方法汇总2005—2015年克州内脏利什曼病的报告数据,采用Microsoft Excel 2010和Epi Info 3.5.3对资料进行分析。结果 11年间克州以2005年病例报告最多（21例）、占27.27%（21/77）,2015年最少、无病例,差异有统计学意义（χ2=21.21,P〈0.05）;发病高峰期病例占全年的58.45%（45/77）,发病低峰期占全年的41.55%（32/77）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.39,P〈0.05）;1岁-组病例数最多、占29.87%（23/77）,21岁-组病例数最少、占2.60%（2/77）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=15.93,P〈0.05）;阿图什市阿扎克乡病例数最多（29例）、占37.66%（29/77）,阿克陶县奥依塔克镇和克孜勒陶乡病例数最少（各1例）、各占1.30%（1/77）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=32.46,P〈0.05）。结论如果不能有效地控制传染源和传播媒介,克州将会出现更多的内脏利什曼病新疫区和新发患者。展开更多
Objective: To establish a suitable method of diagnosis of visceral Leishmania sis(VL) using peripheral blood, spleen or bone marrow aspirates. Methods: Peripheral blood, bone marrow and spleen aspirate samples were co...Objective: To establish a suitable method of diagnosis of visceral Leishmania sis(VL) using peripheral blood, spleen or bone marrow aspirates. Methods: Peripheral blood, bone marrow and spleen aspirate samples were collected from clinically suspected VL patients(n=26). A new PCR primer pair(MK1F/R) was designed targeting kinetoplast mini circle DNA sequences of Leishmania donovani, and Leishmania infantum, and was used to diagnose VL along with some other established primers for VL in polymerase chain reactions. Test was validated by comparing with several other diagnostic methods. Results: The designed primer set showed 100% specificity and 98% sensitivity in detecting VL using blood samples, when compared with more invasive samples: bone marrow or spleen aspirates. Conclusions: The newly designed primer MK1F/R could be a better alternative for PCR based diagnosis of VL using less invasive sample, peripheral blood instead of bone marrow or spleen aspirates.展开更多
Elimination of visceral leishmaniasis is a priority programme in Indian subcontinent.The World Health Organization has set a new target to eliminate kala-azar by the year 2020 as previous target elimination year(2015)...Elimination of visceral leishmaniasis is a priority programme in Indian subcontinent.The World Health Organization has set a new target to eliminate kala-azar by the year 2020 as previous target elimination year(2015) has passed.The elimination programme has successfully curbed the rate of infection in endemic regions; however, there are still few challenges in its route.The current drug control regime is extremely limited and comprises only two(amphotericin B and miltefosine) drugs, which are also susceptible for parasites resistance.Moreover, these drugs do not produce sterile cure, and cured patients may develop post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis even after a decade of cure leaving behind a potent source of parasitic reservoirs for further disease transmission.A significant proportion of endemic population remain seropositive but aymptomatic for many years without any clinical symptom that serve as latent parasitic reservoirs.The lack of tools to identify live parasites in asymptomatic infections and there association in disease transmission, parameters of sterile cure along with post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis progression remain a major threat in its elimination.In this review, we discuss the potential of host immune inhibitory mechanisms to identify immune correlates of protective immunity to understand the mystery of asymptomatic infections, sterile cure and post kala azar dermal leishmaniasis.展开更多
文摘目的回顾1996～2007年新疆维吾尔自治区喀什市内脏利氏曼病的流行情况,为采取相应的防治对策提供依据。方法汇总喀什市1996～2007年的"内脏利氏曼病病人报告表",采用EPI DATA 2.1b和EPI INFO 2002录入和分析。结果1996～2007年喀什市有内脏利氏曼病病人994例。喀什市的8个乡中的6个乡有流行,并主要集中在伯什克然木乡(占74.14%),其余乡呈散发状态;男女患者比例为1∶1.14;0～5岁和6～10岁年龄组人群病例数最多,分别占发病总数的28.87%和28.77%,随年龄的增大病例数呈减少趋势;发病人数自1996年起逐年增多,2002年达到最高峰(200例),其后逐年下降。结论喀什市仍然是内脏利氏曼病的高发区。
基金by National Nature Science Foundation of China,No.81401321Basic Public Welfare Research Project of Zhejiang Province,No.LGF19H080002+1 种基金Science Research Project of Medicine and Hygiene of Zhejiang Province,No.2018PY052Public Welfare Science and Technology Project of Ningbo,No.2019C50068。
文摘BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania and transmitted by infected sand flies.VL has a low incidence in China,and its clinical presentation is complex and atypical.This disease is easily misdiagnosed and can become life-threatening within a short period of time.Therefore,early,rapid and accurate diagnosis and treatment of the disease are essential.CASE SUMMARY A 25-year-old male patient presented with the clinical manifestations of irregular fever,hepatosplenomegaly,increased polyclonal globulin,and pancytopenia.The first bone marrow puncture biopsy did not provide a clear diagnosis.In order to relieve the pressure and discomfort of the organs caused by the enlarged spleen and to confirm the diagnosis,splenectomy was performed,and hemophagocytic syndrome was diagnosed by pathological examination of the spleen biopsy.Following bone marrow and spleen pathological re-diagnosis and metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)technology detection,the patient was finally diagnosed with VL.After treatment with liposomal amphotericin B,the body temperature quickly returned to normal and the hemocytes recovered gradually.Post-treatment re-examination of the bone marrow puncture and mNGS data showed that Leishmania was not detected.CONCLUSION As a fast and accurate detection method,mNGS can diagnose and evaluate the efficacy of treatment in suspicious cases of leishmaniasis.
基金supported by a grant from Bangladesh Medical Research Council(BMRC)(Reference number BMRC/HPNSDP/Research Fund/2012–2013/3449344(34),Dated,20 March 2013)
文摘Objective: To establish a suitable method of diagnosis of visceral Leishmania sis(VL) using peripheral blood, spleen or bone marrow aspirates. Methods: Peripheral blood, bone marrow and spleen aspirate samples were collected from clinically suspected VL patients(n=26). A new PCR primer pair(MK1F/R) was designed targeting kinetoplast mini circle DNA sequences of Leishmania donovani, and Leishmania infantum, and was used to diagnose VL along with some other established primers for VL in polymerase chain reactions. Test was validated by comparing with several other diagnostic methods. Results: The designed primer set showed 100% specificity and 98% sensitivity in detecting VL using blood samples, when compared with more invasive samples: bone marrow or spleen aspirates. Conclusions: The newly designed primer MK1F/R could be a better alternative for PCR based diagnosis of VL using less invasive sample, peripheral blood instead of bone marrow or spleen aspirates.
基金A part of the grant received from Science and Engineering Research Board,Department of Science and Technology,New Delhi(SB/SO/HS/0091/2013) was utilized in this work
文摘Elimination of visceral leishmaniasis is a priority programme in Indian subcontinent.The World Health Organization has set a new target to eliminate kala-azar by the year 2020 as previous target elimination year(2015) has passed.The elimination programme has successfully curbed the rate of infection in endemic regions; however, there are still few challenges in its route.The current drug control regime is extremely limited and comprises only two(amphotericin B and miltefosine) drugs, which are also susceptible for parasites resistance.Moreover, these drugs do not produce sterile cure, and cured patients may develop post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis even after a decade of cure leaving behind a potent source of parasitic reservoirs for further disease transmission.A significant proportion of endemic population remain seropositive but aymptomatic for many years without any clinical symptom that serve as latent parasitic reservoirs.The lack of tools to identify live parasites in asymptomatic infections and there association in disease transmission, parameters of sterile cure along with post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis progression remain a major threat in its elimination.In this review, we discuss the potential of host immune inhibitory mechanisms to identify immune correlates of protective immunity to understand the mystery of asymptomatic infections, sterile cure and post kala azar dermal leishmaniasis.
