AIM： To compare the effects of treatment of H pyloriinfected individuals with the effects of treatment of individuals as well as all Hpylori-infected family members.METHODS： H pylori-positive patients with similar d...AIM： To compare the effects of treatment of H pyloriinfected individuals with the effects of treatment of individuals as well as all Hpylori-infected family members.METHODS： H pylori-positive patients with similar demographic specifications were prospectively randomized with respect to treatment, with a triple regimen of either patients and all Hpylori-positive family members living together （group Ⅰ ） or patients only （group Ⅱ）. Nine months after treatment, all patients were assessed for H pylori positivity.RESULTS： There were 70 H pylori-positive patients in each group; patients in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ lived with 175 and 190 Hpylori-positive relatives, respectively. Age, sex and Hpylori positivity rate were similar in both groups of relatives. Nine months after 14 d standard triple therapy, Hpylori positivity was 7.1% in group I patients and 38.6% in group 11 patients [P 〈 0.01, OR = 8.61 95% confidence interval （CI）： 2.91-22.84].CONCLUSION： The present results indicate bad environmental hygienic conditions and close intra-familial relationships are important in H pylori contamination. These findings indicate all family members of H pyloripositive individuals should be assessed for H pylori positivity, particularly in developing countries where H pylori prevalence is high; they also suggest patients, their spouses and all H pyloN-positive family members of H pylori-positive individuals should be treated for H pylori infection.展开更多
Aim: Liver disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among Egyptians. The major cause is infection with HCV, with 70 000 up to 140 000 newly reported cases annually. The objectives of this study were to de...Aim: Liver disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among Egyptians. The major cause is infection with HCV, with 70 000 up to 140 000 newly reported cases annually. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies among household contacts of HCV index cases and to identify the possible risk factors of transmission of HCV among Egyptian families. Material and Methods: The present external pilot study (double centre study) was performed on a convenient sample of 125 index cases and their 321 household family contacts recruited from Mansoura & Cairo University where 2 questionnaires were used to collect data from the index & their related contacts. The all were exposed to clinical examinations, routine laboratory testing & screening for the prevalence of Anti-HCV antibodies. Results: The prevalence of anti-HCV seropositivity among household contacts of index cases was found to be 13.7% which husbands of female index cases ranked first followed by wives of male index cases (36.36% versus 17.86% respectively,展开更多
Aims of the Study: 1) Determine the Prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in children (contact subjects) of chronic Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier subjects (index subjects);2) Search for factors...Aims of the Study: 1) Determine the Prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in children (contact subjects) of chronic Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier subjects (index subjects);2) Search for factors associated with HBV infection in these children. Patients and Methods: Retrospective-crosssectional study (January 5th, 2006 through December 31st, 2012). Studied parameters: biological and clinical characteristics of index subjects;Prevalence of HBsAg and Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) in their children. Search for the HBV infection associated factors in the children (univariate analyses through Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test;multivariate analysis through a backward logistic regression). Results: Our 44 subjects’ median age was 43.1 ± 7.49 years and 88.6% of them lived with a spouse. Average number of children per index subjects was 2.3 ± 1.1. Our 92 children’s median age was 9.3 ± 4.55 (ranging from 1 to 15 years), and 43 (44.8%) were vaccinated against HBV. HBV infection prevalence was 24% (23/96 of which, 4 were HBsAg positive and 19 HBcAb positive subjects without HBsAg). Independent factors associated with HBV infection in children of index subjects were HBV DNA for index subjects >2000 IU/ml (OR = 11.5;p = 0.001), existence of HBV in two parents (OR = 7.9;p = 0.03) and absence of HBV vaccination in the children (OR = 30.9;p = 0.003). Conclusion: Immunization coverage for children of index subjects was insufficient, especially before the introduction of HBV vaccine into the enlarged vaccination program. Outside vertical transmission, those children were more exposed to HBV intrafamilial transmission risk when they were not immunized against HBV, when both parents were infected and when HBV viremia in index subjects was higher than 2000 IU/ml.展开更多
AIM: To determine whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection of index cases increases intrafamilial transmission (sexual and nonsexual contacts) of HCV. METHODS: In a case-control descriptive study we enrolled 300-hous...AIM: To determine whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection of index cases increases intrafamilial transmission (sexual and nonsexual contacts) of HCV. METHODS: In a case-control descriptive study we enrolled 300-household contacts of 60 index cases (40 males and 20 females) of HCV infection and 360 pair- matched controls in Ahwaz JundiShapour University Hospitals from August 1, 1998 to September 1, 2003. The control group consisted of first time blood donors referred to the Regional Blood Transfusion Organization. Serum samples and demographic data and a medical history including the existence of risk factors for HCV (after a questionnaire on the risk factors for parenteral exposure) were obtained from each subject. Antibodies to HCV were detected employing a commercially available second-generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA, Abbott Ⅱ). Positive serum specimens were retested using a second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA-2) and a polymerase chain reaction for HCV RNA. Data analysis was carried out for intra-household clustering. RESULTS: Only 4 of 300 (1.33%) cases of household contacts without percutaneous risk factors were positive for HCV Ab while the remaining 296 family contacts were negative for anti-HCV. The mean age of the index cases was 28.4 (Std 15.22) years. The anti-HCV prevalences in parents, spouses, children of the index cases were 0.87% (1/115), 3.39% (2/59)) and 0.79% (1/126), respectively. Among couple partners negative for anti-HCV antibodies, the mean duration of the sexual relationship was 6 years.The two-couple partners positive for anti-HCV antibodies married the index cases for longer than 15 years. The prevalence of positive HCV Ab among household contacts (1.33%) was not significantly higher than that in the controls (1%) (P > 0.06). CONCLUSION: Intrafamilial transmission of HCV is not the significant transmission route and sexual transmission does not seem to play a role in the intrafamilial spread of HCV infection. Intrafamilial transmission of HCV is possible but occur展开更多
文摘AIM： To compare the effects of treatment of H pyloriinfected individuals with the effects of treatment of individuals as well as all Hpylori-infected family members.METHODS： H pylori-positive patients with similar demographic specifications were prospectively randomized with respect to treatment, with a triple regimen of either patients and all Hpylori-positive family members living together （group Ⅰ ） or patients only （group Ⅱ）. Nine months after treatment, all patients were assessed for H pylori positivity.RESULTS： There were 70 H pylori-positive patients in each group; patients in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ lived with 175 and 190 Hpylori-positive relatives, respectively. Age, sex and Hpylori positivity rate were similar in both groups of relatives. Nine months after 14 d standard triple therapy, Hpylori positivity was 7.1% in group I patients and 38.6% in group 11 patients [P 〈 0.01, OR = 8.61 95% confidence interval （CI）： 2.91-22.84].CONCLUSION： The present results indicate bad environmental hygienic conditions and close intra-familial relationships are important in H pylori contamination. These findings indicate all family members of H pyloripositive individuals should be assessed for H pylori positivity, particularly in developing countries where H pylori prevalence is high; they also suggest patients, their spouses and all H pyloN-positive family members of H pylori-positive individuals should be treated for H pylori infection.
文摘Aim: Liver disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among Egyptians. The major cause is infection with HCV, with 70 000 up to 140 000 newly reported cases annually. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies among household contacts of HCV index cases and to identify the possible risk factors of transmission of HCV among Egyptian families. Material and Methods: The present external pilot study (double centre study) was performed on a convenient sample of 125 index cases and their 321 household family contacts recruited from Mansoura & Cairo University where 2 questionnaires were used to collect data from the index & their related contacts. The all were exposed to clinical examinations, routine laboratory testing & screening for the prevalence of Anti-HCV antibodies. Results: The prevalence of anti-HCV seropositivity among household contacts of index cases was found to be 13.7% which husbands of female index cases ranked first followed by wives of male index cases (36.36% versus 17.86% respectively,
文摘Aims of the Study: 1) Determine the Prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in children (contact subjects) of chronic Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier subjects (index subjects);2) Search for factors associated with HBV infection in these children. Patients and Methods: Retrospective-crosssectional study (January 5th, 2006 through December 31st, 2012). Studied parameters: biological and clinical characteristics of index subjects;Prevalence of HBsAg and Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) in their children. Search for the HBV infection associated factors in the children (univariate analyses through Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test;multivariate analysis through a backward logistic regression). Results: Our 44 subjects’ median age was 43.1 ± 7.49 years and 88.6% of them lived with a spouse. Average number of children per index subjects was 2.3 ± 1.1. Our 92 children’s median age was 9.3 ± 4.55 (ranging from 1 to 15 years), and 43 (44.8%) were vaccinated against HBV. HBV infection prevalence was 24% (23/96 of which, 4 were HBsAg positive and 19 HBcAb positive subjects without HBsAg). Independent factors associated with HBV infection in children of index subjects were HBV DNA for index subjects >2000 IU/ml (OR = 11.5;p = 0.001), existence of HBV in two parents (OR = 7.9;p = 0.03) and absence of HBV vaccination in the children (OR = 30.9;p = 0.003). Conclusion: Immunization coverage for children of index subjects was insufficient, especially before the introduction of HBV vaccine into the enlarged vaccination program. Outside vertical transmission, those children were more exposed to HBV intrafamilial transmission risk when they were not immunized against HBV, when both parents were infected and when HBV viremia in index subjects was higher than 2000 IU/ml.
文摘AIM: To determine whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection of index cases increases intrafamilial transmission (sexual and nonsexual contacts) of HCV. METHODS: In a case-control descriptive study we enrolled 300-household contacts of 60 index cases (40 males and 20 females) of HCV infection and 360 pair- matched controls in Ahwaz JundiShapour University Hospitals from August 1, 1998 to September 1, 2003. The control group consisted of first time blood donors referred to the Regional Blood Transfusion Organization. Serum samples and demographic data and a medical history including the existence of risk factors for HCV (after a questionnaire on the risk factors for parenteral exposure) were obtained from each subject. Antibodies to HCV were detected employing a commercially available second-generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA, Abbott Ⅱ). Positive serum specimens were retested using a second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA-2) and a polymerase chain reaction for HCV RNA. Data analysis was carried out for intra-household clustering. RESULTS: Only 4 of 300 (1.33%) cases of household contacts without percutaneous risk factors were positive for HCV Ab while the remaining 296 family contacts were negative for anti-HCV. The mean age of the index cases was 28.4 (Std 15.22) years. The anti-HCV prevalences in parents, spouses, children of the index cases were 0.87% (1/115), 3.39% (2/59)) and 0.79% (1/126), respectively. Among couple partners negative for anti-HCV antibodies, the mean duration of the sexual relationship was 6 years.The two-couple partners positive for anti-HCV antibodies married the index cases for longer than 15 years. The prevalence of positive HCV Ab among household contacts (1.33%) was not significantly higher than that in the controls (1%) (P > 0.06). CONCLUSION: Intrafamilial transmission of HCV is not the significant transmission route and sexual transmission does not seem to play a role in the intrafamilial spread of HCV infection. Intrafamilial transmission of HCV is possible but occur
