Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease(AERD)is frequently diagnosed in patients with severe type 2 airway inflammation presenting with nasal polyps and severe asthma.It has been associated with a recalcitrant course ...Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease(AERD)is frequently diagnosed in patients with severe type 2 airway inflammation presenting with nasal polyps and severe asthma.It has been associated with a recalcitrant course with high medical and surgical requirements.The advent of recent biological and other targeted treatments show promise in the medical management of patient with AERD.The goal of complete disease control where patients no longer require recurrent surgical procedures,systemic corticosteroid exposure and may live with a stable and relatively normal quality of life is now within reach.Further work is necessary to identify biomarkers predictive of treatment response.展开更多
Selecting suitable species is the most important issue for bare land reforestation, degraded secondary forest restoration, and single-species plantation transformation. However, little information has been documented ...Selecting suitable species is the most important issue for bare land reforestation, degraded secondary forest restoration, and single-species plantation transformation. However, little information has been documented related to tree species selection for these silvicultural endeavors on tropical Hainan Island of Southern China. The present study employed Baisha County, the ecological core area of Hainan Island, as a case study area. We initially inventoried a slightly disturbed primary forest and attempted to produce diameter distribution curves for each tree species. Second, the tree species were classified into shade intolerant, opportunist, and shade tolerant species based on shape of their diameter distribution curves. Third, market value was determined for each tree species based on published literature and on-site investigations at local wood trading companies. Totally 118 tree species were encountered in the inventoried forest and 13 tree species present were finally identified as potential tree species for our silvicultural endeavor on Hainan Island, of which 3 species are shade intolerant, 5 species are opportunist and 5 species are shade tolerant. Additionally, we also selected 12 tree species that were not in the inventoried forest but were extremely economically valuable and ecologically important. This study should contribute to the formulation of a sustainable forest management strategy on Hainan Island and the methodology might be replicated in other tropical region where suitable species also need to be identified for silvicultural endeavor.展开更多
Objective:To review the indications and clinical evidence supporting hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) therapy for the treatment of moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep ap-nea (OSA). Methods:Peer reviewed literature...Objective:To review the indications and clinical evidence supporting hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) therapy for the treatment of moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep ap-nea (OSA). Methods:Peer reviewed literature on hypoglossal nerve stimulation therapy for obstructive sleep apnea from 2001 to 2016. Results:The only currently FDA-approved HNS device for the treatment of moderate-to-severe OSA is produced by Inspire Medical Systems, which recently published its 36-month outcomes data from its Stimulation Therapy for Apnea Reduction (STAR) trial. HNS therapy is currently indicated for moderate-to-severe OSA patients who are CPAP-intolerant, have a body mass in-dex <32, apnea-hypopnea index <50, and without a concentric pattern of upper airway collapse on sleep endoscopy. Conclusions:Data from the STAR trial suggests that a subset of OSA patients can achieve a sig-nificant therapeutic response from hypoglossal nerve stimulation. However, these results may be limited in their generalizability to the broader OSA population.展开更多
文摘Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease(AERD)is frequently diagnosed in patients with severe type 2 airway inflammation presenting with nasal polyps and severe asthma.It has been associated with a recalcitrant course with high medical and surgical requirements.The advent of recent biological and other targeted treatments show promise in the medical management of patient with AERD.The goal of complete disease control where patients no longer require recurrent surgical procedures,systemic corticosteroid exposure and may live with a stable and relatively normal quality of life is now within reach.Further work is necessary to identify biomarkers predictive of treatment response.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0505604)
文摘Selecting suitable species is the most important issue for bare land reforestation, degraded secondary forest restoration, and single-species plantation transformation. However, little information has been documented related to tree species selection for these silvicultural endeavors on tropical Hainan Island of Southern China. The present study employed Baisha County, the ecological core area of Hainan Island, as a case study area. We initially inventoried a slightly disturbed primary forest and attempted to produce diameter distribution curves for each tree species. Second, the tree species were classified into shade intolerant, opportunist, and shade tolerant species based on shape of their diameter distribution curves. Third, market value was determined for each tree species based on published literature and on-site investigations at local wood trading companies. Totally 118 tree species were encountered in the inventoried forest and 13 tree species present were finally identified as potential tree species for our silvicultural endeavor on Hainan Island, of which 3 species are shade intolerant, 5 species are opportunist and 5 species are shade tolerant. Additionally, we also selected 12 tree species that were not in the inventoried forest but were extremely economically valuable and ecologically important. This study should contribute to the formulation of a sustainable forest management strategy on Hainan Island and the methodology might be replicated in other tropical region where suitable species also need to be identified for silvicultural endeavor.
文摘Objective:To review the indications and clinical evidence supporting hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) therapy for the treatment of moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep ap-nea (OSA). Methods:Peer reviewed literature on hypoglossal nerve stimulation therapy for obstructive sleep apnea from 2001 to 2016. Results:The only currently FDA-approved HNS device for the treatment of moderate-to-severe OSA is produced by Inspire Medical Systems, which recently published its 36-month outcomes data from its Stimulation Therapy for Apnea Reduction (STAR) trial. HNS therapy is currently indicated for moderate-to-severe OSA patients who are CPAP-intolerant, have a body mass in-dex <32, apnea-hypopnea index <50, and without a concentric pattern of upper airway collapse on sleep endoscopy. Conclusions:Data from the STAR trial suggests that a subset of OSA patients can achieve a sig-nificant therapeutic response from hypoglossal nerve stimulation. However, these results may be limited in their generalizability to the broader OSA population.
