As we continue searching for exoplanets, we wonder if life and technological species capable of communicating with us exists on any of them. As geoscientists, we can also wonder how important is the presence or absenc...As we continue searching for exoplanets, we wonder if life and technological species capable of communicating with us exists on any of them. As geoscientists, we can also wonder how important is the presence or absence of plate tectonics for the evolution of technological species. This essay considers this question, focusing on tectonically active roclw （silicate） planets, like Earth, Venus, and Mars. The development of technological species on Earth provides key insights for understanding evolution on exoplanets, including the likely role that plate tectonics may play. An Earth-sized silicate planet is likely to experience several tectonic styles over its lifetime, as it cools and its lithosphere thickens, strengthens, and becomes denser. These include magma ocean, various styles of stagnant lid, and perhaps plate tectonics. Abundant liquid water favors both life and plate tectonics. Ocean is required for early evolution of diverse single-celled organisms, then colonies of cells which specialized further to form guts, ap- pendages, and sensory organisms up to the complexity of fish （central nervous system, appendages, eyes）. Large expanses of dry land also begin in the ocean, today produced above subduction zones in juvenile arcs and by their coalescence to form continents, although it is not clear that plate tectonics was required to create continental crust on Earth. Dry land of continents is required for further evolution of technological species, where modification of appendages for grasping and manipulating, and improve- ment of eyes and central nervous system could be perfected. These bioassets allowed intelligent crea- tures to examine the night sky and wonder, the beginning of abstract thinking, including religion and science. Technology arises from the exigencies of daily living such as tool-making, agriculture, clothing, and weapons, but the pace of innovation accelerates once it is allied with science. Finally, the importance of plate tectonics for developing a technological species is examine展开更多
数字孪生作为一项新的数字化关键技术,与人工智能(Artificial intelligence,AI)、云计算、扩展现实和物联网(Internet of things,IoT)等New IT技术结合,能够给智慧生活领域带来更大的发展前景。本研究主要介绍数字孪生的定义与发展,分...数字孪生作为一项新的数字化关键技术,与人工智能(Artificial intelligence,AI)、云计算、扩展现实和物联网(Internet of things,IoT)等New IT技术结合,能够给智慧生活领域带来更大的发展前景。本研究主要介绍数字孪生的定义与发展,分析当前数字孪生在理论模型、信息物理融合、智慧城市及软件使用等方面的研究现状,总结不同专业对数字孪生标准体系的需求并提供已有的数字孪生标准体系,阐述数字孪生在智慧生活中应用的关键技术。最后,探讨数字孪生技术在智慧图书馆领域、智慧教育领域、智慧机场领域、智慧医疗领域及智能家居领域的应用和发展趋势,并举例介绍本研究团队在智慧油田领域运用数字孪生模拟稠油热采过程。展开更多
基金supported by a generous grant from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
文摘As we continue searching for exoplanets, we wonder if life and technological species capable of communicating with us exists on any of them. As geoscientists, we can also wonder how important is the presence or absence of plate tectonics for the evolution of technological species. This essay considers this question, focusing on tectonically active roclw （silicate） planets, like Earth, Venus, and Mars. The development of technological species on Earth provides key insights for understanding evolution on exoplanets, including the likely role that plate tectonics may play. An Earth-sized silicate planet is likely to experience several tectonic styles over its lifetime, as it cools and its lithosphere thickens, strengthens, and becomes denser. These include magma ocean, various styles of stagnant lid, and perhaps plate tectonics. Abundant liquid water favors both life and plate tectonics. Ocean is required for early evolution of diverse single-celled organisms, then colonies of cells which specialized further to form guts, ap- pendages, and sensory organisms up to the complexity of fish （central nervous system, appendages, eyes）. Large expanses of dry land also begin in the ocean, today produced above subduction zones in juvenile arcs and by their coalescence to form continents, although it is not clear that plate tectonics was required to create continental crust on Earth. Dry land of continents is required for further evolution of technological species, where modification of appendages for grasping and manipulating, and improve- ment of eyes and central nervous system could be perfected. These bioassets allowed intelligent crea- tures to examine the night sky and wonder, the beginning of abstract thinking, including religion and science. Technology arises from the exigencies of daily living such as tool-making, agriculture, clothing, and weapons, but the pace of innovation accelerates once it is allied with science. Finally, the importance of plate tectonics for developing a technological species is examine
文摘数字孪生作为一项新的数字化关键技术,与人工智能(Artificial intelligence,AI)、云计算、扩展现实和物联网(Internet of things,IoT)等New IT技术结合,能够给智慧生活领域带来更大的发展前景。本研究主要介绍数字孪生的定义与发展,分析当前数字孪生在理论模型、信息物理融合、智慧城市及软件使用等方面的研究现状,总结不同专业对数字孪生标准体系的需求并提供已有的数字孪生标准体系,阐述数字孪生在智慧生活中应用的关键技术。最后,探讨数字孪生技术在智慧图书馆领域、智慧教育领域、智慧机场领域、智慧医疗领域及智能家居领域的应用和发展趋势,并举例介绍本研究团队在智慧油田领域运用数字孪生模拟稠油热采过程。
