A combination of light-emitting diode（LED） identification and a time-division multiplexing scheme is proposed in this Letter for indoor location-based service. With the scheme, the arrangement of white LED lamps and...A combination of light-emitting diode（LED） identification and a time-division multiplexing scheme is proposed in this Letter for indoor location-based service. With the scheme, the arrangement of white LED lamps and the structure of a data frame are designed to realize high-accuracy indoor positioning and location-based payload data transmission simultaneously. The results of the experiment demonstrate that the indoor positioning accuracy is 10 cm and 2 Mb/s data transmission with high signal quality is realized.展开更多
The Global Positioning System(GPS)is expected to play an integral role in the development of digital earth;however,the GPS cannot provide positioning information in regions where a majority of the population spends th...The Global Positioning System(GPS)is expected to play an integral role in the development of digital earth;however,the GPS cannot provide positioning information in regions where a majority of the population spends their time,that is,in urban and indoor environments.Hence,alternate positioning systems that work in indoor and urban environments should be developed to achieve the vision of digital earth.Wi-Fi-based positioning systems(WPS)stand out because of the near-ubiquitous presence of the associated infrastructure and signals in indoor environments.The WPS-based fingerprinting is the most widely adopted technique for position determination,but its accuracy is lower than that of techniques such as time of arrival and angle of arrival.Improving the accuracy is still a challenging task because of the complex nature of the propagation of Wi-Fi signals.Here,a novel server-based,genetic-algorithm-optimized,cascading artificial neural network-based positioning model is presented.The model is tested in 2D and 3D indoor environments under varying conditions.The model is thoroughly investigated on a real Wi-Fi network,and its accuracy is found to be better than that of other well-known techniques.A mean accuracy of 1.9 m is achieved with 87%of the distance error within the range of 0-3 m.展开更多
As a part of an effort to roll back malaria in Nigeria, exploring the use of geographically related tools triggered the use of modern approaches of knowing the spatial distribution of target populations to attain sign...As a part of an effort to roll back malaria in Nigeria, exploring the use of geographically related tools triggered the use of modern approaches of knowing the spatial distribution of target populations to attain significant malaria elimination intervention. GIS tool was used for geographical reconnaissance (GR), providing demographic data on respondents’ household and spatial information on the distribution of households in the selected location. A cross-sectional study design was used to collect spatial data in the two locations, while a quantitative questionnaire was used to collect the household data. The analysis of field data indicated that 49,500 unique households were enumerated and thus included in the Indoor Residual Spraying to prevent malaria infection, covering 424 towns in the two Local Government Areas (LGAs). 383,301 persons were recorded during the GR exercise in Doma and Nassarawa Eggon LGAs out of which 79,339 were children of agesless than five years, with 13,526 pregnant women. Further data analysis revealed that the average number of persons per household in both LGAs was approximately eight. The spatial information from the GR provides a foundation for an updateable database for any future survey for developmental activities in Nigeria. The use of modern GR approach has proved to be accurate, reliable and more cost effective and less cumbersome than the traditional approach in the collection and geo-positioning of household data. Use of Garmin e-Trex GPS handheld instruments to collect household data in the designated areas removed the constraints of expensive Personal Digital Assistants and reduced errors of wrong location coordinates. Several African countries which did not use GR or applied the use of Geospatial tool appropriately had setbacks. The previous study in other countries showed limitations which was characterized by substantial inherent logistical and technical challenges culminating in missed targets. This setback was addressed in our study.展开更多
Indoor visible light positioning becomes attractive due to the increasing demands of location-based services. This Letter proposes an indoor imaging visible light positioning scheme with a sampled sparse light source,...Indoor visible light positioning becomes attractive due to the increasing demands of location-based services. This Letter proposes an indoor imaging visible light positioning scheme with a sampled sparse light source, image sensor, and gyro. An indoor positioning cellular with a single reference light source and an off-the-shelf mobile device is demonstrated. Experimental results show that the 3-dimensional positioning error is only several centimeters even with a rotated, rolled, and pitched mobile device. The proposed scheme is convenient and cost effective because the transmitter takes advantage of the existing lighting infrastructure and the receiver is a commercial mobile phone without any extra accessories.展开更多
With the advent and advancements in the wireless technologies,Wi-Fi ngerprinting-based Indoor Positioning System(IPS)has become one of the most promising solutions for localization in indoor environments.Unlike the ou...With the advent and advancements in the wireless technologies,Wi-Fi ngerprinting-based Indoor Positioning System(IPS)has become one of the most promising solutions for localization in indoor environments.Unlike the outdoor environment,the lack of line-of-sight propagation in an indoor environment keeps the interest of the researchers to develop efcient and precise positioning systems that can later be incorporated in numerous applications involving Internet of Things(IoTs)and green computing.In this paper,we have proposed a technique that combines the capabilities of multiple algorithms to overcome the complexities experienced indoors.Initially,in the database development phase,Motley Kennan propagation model is used with Hough transformation to classify,detect,and assign different attenuation factors related to the types of walls.Furthermore,important parameters for system accuracy,such as,placement and geometry of Access Points(APs)in the coverage area are also considered.New algorithm for deployment of an additional AP to an already existing infrastructure is proposed by using Genetic Algorithm(GA)coupled with Enhanced Dilution of Precision(EDOP).Moreover,classication algorithm based on k-Nearest Neighbors(k-NN)is used to nd the position of a stationary or mobile user inside the given coverage area.For k-NN to provide low localization error and reduced space dimensionality,three APs are required to be selected optimally.In this paper,we have suggested an idea to select APs based on Position Vectors(PV)as an input to the localization algorithm.Deducing from our comprehensive investigations,it is revealed that the accuracy of indoor positioning system using the proposed technique unblemished the existing solutions with signicant improvements.展开更多
文摘室内地磁场受钢结构与其它铁磁材料的影响,造成磁场区域局部异常,使室内地磁场具有特异性.受益于此种现象,室内地磁定位技术得以实现.然而在大型建筑中地磁场的特异性会减弱,这导致定位结果出现模糊现象.针对这一现象,文中提出了基于路径匹配的室内地磁定位技术,通过增加匹配特征数量来解决此问题.使用基于动态时间规整(dynamic time warp,DTW)算法与粒子滤波(particle filter,PF)算法的新型联合算法,并以路径匹配的模式对目标进行追踪.在匹配过程中又通过计算斯皮尔曼等级(Spearman)相关系数确定路径之间的相似度,使之作为辅助定位.最后用装载了磁传感器的测量机器人进行实验验证,结果表明:路径匹配具有足够的地磁特征数量,能够解决特异性减弱情况下定位结果模糊现象,且定位精度优于 1 m.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61475094)the National 973 Program of China(No.2013CB329202)
文摘A combination of light-emitting diode（LED） identification and a time-division multiplexing scheme is proposed in this Letter for indoor location-based service. With the scheme, the arrangement of white LED lamps and the structure of a data frame are designed to realize high-accuracy indoor positioning and location-based payload data transmission simultaneously. The results of the experiment demonstrate that the indoor positioning accuracy is 10 cm and 2 Mb/s data transmission with high signal quality is realized.
文摘The Global Positioning System(GPS)is expected to play an integral role in the development of digital earth;however,the GPS cannot provide positioning information in regions where a majority of the population spends their time,that is,in urban and indoor environments.Hence,alternate positioning systems that work in indoor and urban environments should be developed to achieve the vision of digital earth.Wi-Fi-based positioning systems(WPS)stand out because of the near-ubiquitous presence of the associated infrastructure and signals in indoor environments.The WPS-based fingerprinting is the most widely adopted technique for position determination,but its accuracy is lower than that of techniques such as time of arrival and angle of arrival.Improving the accuracy is still a challenging task because of the complex nature of the propagation of Wi-Fi signals.Here,a novel server-based,genetic-algorithm-optimized,cascading artificial neural network-based positioning model is presented.The model is tested in 2D and 3D indoor environments under varying conditions.The model is thoroughly investigated on a real Wi-Fi network,and its accuracy is found to be better than that of other well-known techniques.A mean accuracy of 1.9 m is achieved with 87%of the distance error within the range of 0-3 m.
文摘As a part of an effort to roll back malaria in Nigeria, exploring the use of geographically related tools triggered the use of modern approaches of knowing the spatial distribution of target populations to attain significant malaria elimination intervention. GIS tool was used for geographical reconnaissance (GR), providing demographic data on respondents’ household and spatial information on the distribution of households in the selected location. A cross-sectional study design was used to collect spatial data in the two locations, while a quantitative questionnaire was used to collect the household data. The analysis of field data indicated that 49,500 unique households were enumerated and thus included in the Indoor Residual Spraying to prevent malaria infection, covering 424 towns in the two Local Government Areas (LGAs). 383,301 persons were recorded during the GR exercise in Doma and Nassarawa Eggon LGAs out of which 79,339 were children of agesless than five years, with 13,526 pregnant women. Further data analysis revealed that the average number of persons per household in both LGAs was approximately eight. The spatial information from the GR provides a foundation for an updateable database for any future survey for developmental activities in Nigeria. The use of modern GR approach has proved to be accurate, reliable and more cost effective and less cumbersome than the traditional approach in the collection and geo-positioning of household data. Use of Garmin e-Trex GPS handheld instruments to collect household data in the designated areas removed the constraints of expensive Personal Digital Assistants and reduced errors of wrong location coordinates. Several African countries which did not use GR or applied the use of Geospatial tool appropriately had setbacks. The previous study in other countries showed limitations which was characterized by substantial inherent logistical and technical challenges culminating in missed targets. This setback was addressed in our study.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61475094)the National 973 Program of China(No.2013CB329202)
文摘Indoor visible light positioning becomes attractive due to the increasing demands of location-based services. This Letter proposes an indoor imaging visible light positioning scheme with a sampled sparse light source, image sensor, and gyro. An indoor positioning cellular with a single reference light source and an off-the-shelf mobile device is demonstrated. Experimental results show that the 3-dimensional positioning error is only several centimeters even with a rotated, rolled, and pitched mobile device. The proposed scheme is convenient and cost effective because the transmitter takes advantage of the existing lighting infrastructure and the receiver is a commercial mobile phone without any extra accessories.
基金The authors extend their appreciation to National University of Sciences and Technology for funding this work through Researchers Supporting Grant,National University of Sciences and Technology,Islamabad,Pakistan.
文摘With the advent and advancements in the wireless technologies,Wi-Fi ngerprinting-based Indoor Positioning System(IPS)has become one of the most promising solutions for localization in indoor environments.Unlike the outdoor environment,the lack of line-of-sight propagation in an indoor environment keeps the interest of the researchers to develop efcient and precise positioning systems that can later be incorporated in numerous applications involving Internet of Things(IoTs)and green computing.In this paper,we have proposed a technique that combines the capabilities of multiple algorithms to overcome the complexities experienced indoors.Initially,in the database development phase,Motley Kennan propagation model is used with Hough transformation to classify,detect,and assign different attenuation factors related to the types of walls.Furthermore,important parameters for system accuracy,such as,placement and geometry of Access Points(APs)in the coverage area are also considered.New algorithm for deployment of an additional AP to an already existing infrastructure is proposed by using Genetic Algorithm(GA)coupled with Enhanced Dilution of Precision(EDOP).Moreover,classication algorithm based on k-Nearest Neighbors(k-NN)is used to nd the position of a stationary or mobile user inside the given coverage area.For k-NN to provide low localization error and reduced space dimensionality,three APs are required to be selected optimally.In this paper,we have suggested an idea to select APs based on Position Vectors(PV)as an input to the localization algorithm.Deducing from our comprehensive investigations,it is revealed that the accuracy of indoor positioning system using the proposed technique unblemished the existing solutions with signicant improvements.
