MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression and contribute to all aspects of cellular function.We previously reported that the activities of several mitochond...MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression and contribute to all aspects of cellular function.We previously reported that the activities of several mitochondria-enriched miRNAs regulating inflammation(i.e.,miR-142-3p,miR-142-5p,and miR-146a)are altered in the hippocampus at 3–12 hours following a severe traumatic brain injury.In the present study,we investigated the temporal expression profile of these inflammatory miRNAs in mitochondria and cytosol fractions at more chronic post-injury times following severe controlled cortical impact injury in rats.In addition,several inflammatory genes were analyzed in the cytosol fractions.The analysis showed that while elevated levels were observed in cytoplasm,the mitochondria-enriched miRNAs,miR-142-3p and miR-142-5p continued to be significantly reduced in mitochondria from injured hippocampi for at least 3 days and returned to near normal levels at 7 days post-injury.Although not statistically significant,miR-146a also remained at reduced levels for up to 3 days following controlled cortical impact injury,and recovered by 7 days.In contrast,miRNAs that are not enriched in mitochondria,including miR-124a,miR-150,miR-19b,miR-155,and miR-223 were either increased or demonstrated no change in their levels in mitochondrial fractions for 7 days.The one exception was that miR-223 levels were reduced in mitochondria at 1 day following injury.No major alterations were observed in sham operated animals.This temporal pattern was unique to mitochondria-enriched miRNAs and correlated with injury-induced changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics as well as expression levels of several inflammatory markers.These observations suggested a potential compartmental re-distribution of the mitochondria-enriched inflammatory miRNAs and may reflect an intracellular mechanism by which specific miRNAs regulate injury-induced inflammatory signaling.To test this,we utilized a novel peptide-based nanoparticle strategy for in vitro and in viv展开更多
氢燃料电池重型商用车(fuel cell heavy commercial vehicles,FCHCV)在推广交通领域碳减排方面具有广阔的应用前景,但对环境是否友好仍需进一步研究.为准确衡量FCHCV相对于柴油重型商用车(diesel heavy commercial vehicles,DHCV)的环...氢燃料电池重型商用车(fuel cell heavy commercial vehicles,FCHCV)在推广交通领域碳减排方面具有广阔的应用前景,但对环境是否友好仍需进一步研究.为准确衡量FCHCV相对于柴油重型商用车(diesel heavy commercial vehicles,DHCV)的环境效益,基于生命周期评价理论和《节能与新能源汽车技术路线图2.0》,构建面向2035年基于不同氢能路径的FCHCV与DHCV的材料消耗、能源消耗、碳排放和污染物排放预测评价模型,科学量化预测不同氢能路径下FCHCV相较于DHCV的全生命周期环境影响和节能减排潜力,梳理并搭建了FCHCV与DHCV的物质流、能量流和排放流的数据清单,采用GaBi软件与CML2001方法体系对数据清单进行了计算,并对比分析了全生命周期环境影响预测结果.结果表明:目前,FCHCV的全生命周期材料消耗量高于DHCV,主要原因是锂电池的材料消耗量较高,基于光伏电解水制氢路径的FCHCV的节能减排效果较好,对环境产生的负面效益较低.到2035年,基于光伏电解水制氢的FCHCV的全生命周期化石能源消耗量、碳排放和酸化潜值较DHCV分别低41.78%、79.09%、55.30%,但基于混合电力电解水制氢的FCHCV的全生命周期化石能源消耗量、碳排放量和酸化潜值较DHCV分别高56.80%、10.47%和45.01%.研究显示,以可再生能源制氢为基础的FCHCV在未来具有较大的节能减排和降低环境负面效益潜力,但以混合电力制氢为基础的FCHCV未来与DHCV在节能减排和环境保护方面竞争力较小.展开更多
Studying the influence of shale gas exploration and development on groundwater environment is the basis of guiding water environment protection in the process of shale gas exploration and development.Groundwater envir...Studying the influence of shale gas exploration and development on groundwater environment is the basis of guiding water environment protection in the process of shale gas exploration and development.Groundwater environmental pollution is concealed,complex and persistent.Once it is difficult to control the pollution,the current commercial shale gas development zones in Sichuan Basin that are mostly located in karst areas and highly sensitive to groundwater will be vulnerable to the impact of shale gas exploration and development.Based on the hydrogeological conditions of shale gas exploration and development area and combined with engineering analysis of exploration and development,various risk pathways that may affect the groundwater environment during process of shale gas exploration,mining well construction,mining operations and other stages were identified in this paper.Some existing risk pathways were proved by verification of typical areas and should not be ignored.Based on the actual situation of typical areas,the countermeasures of groundwater environmental protection in the process of shale gas exploration and development in karst areas were discussed.It is believed that the groundwater environment can be better protected by strengthening administration,research and application of new technologies,precise design,hydrogeological conditions,and research and feedback of groundwater environmental protection.展开更多
基金supported by a grant(15-12A)from the Kentucky Spinal Cord and Head Injury Research Trust to JES and WXW。
文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression and contribute to all aspects of cellular function.We previously reported that the activities of several mitochondria-enriched miRNAs regulating inflammation(i.e.,miR-142-3p,miR-142-5p,and miR-146a)are altered in the hippocampus at 3–12 hours following a severe traumatic brain injury.In the present study,we investigated the temporal expression profile of these inflammatory miRNAs in mitochondria and cytosol fractions at more chronic post-injury times following severe controlled cortical impact injury in rats.In addition,several inflammatory genes were analyzed in the cytosol fractions.The analysis showed that while elevated levels were observed in cytoplasm,the mitochondria-enriched miRNAs,miR-142-3p and miR-142-5p continued to be significantly reduced in mitochondria from injured hippocampi for at least 3 days and returned to near normal levels at 7 days post-injury.Although not statistically significant,miR-146a also remained at reduced levels for up to 3 days following controlled cortical impact injury,and recovered by 7 days.In contrast,miRNAs that are not enriched in mitochondria,including miR-124a,miR-150,miR-19b,miR-155,and miR-223 were either increased or demonstrated no change in their levels in mitochondrial fractions for 7 days.The one exception was that miR-223 levels were reduced in mitochondria at 1 day following injury.No major alterations were observed in sham operated animals.This temporal pattern was unique to mitochondria-enriched miRNAs and correlated with injury-induced changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics as well as expression levels of several inflammatory markers.These observations suggested a potential compartmental re-distribution of the mitochondria-enriched inflammatory miRNAs and may reflect an intracellular mechanism by which specific miRNAs regulate injury-induced inflammatory signaling.To test this,we utilized a novel peptide-based nanoparticle strategy for in vitro and in viv
文摘氢燃料电池重型商用车(fuel cell heavy commercial vehicles,FCHCV)在推广交通领域碳减排方面具有广阔的应用前景,但对环境是否友好仍需进一步研究.为准确衡量FCHCV相对于柴油重型商用车(diesel heavy commercial vehicles,DHCV)的环境效益,基于生命周期评价理论和《节能与新能源汽车技术路线图2.0》,构建面向2035年基于不同氢能路径的FCHCV与DHCV的材料消耗、能源消耗、碳排放和污染物排放预测评价模型,科学量化预测不同氢能路径下FCHCV相较于DHCV的全生命周期环境影响和节能减排潜力,梳理并搭建了FCHCV与DHCV的物质流、能量流和排放流的数据清单,采用GaBi软件与CML2001方法体系对数据清单进行了计算,并对比分析了全生命周期环境影响预测结果.结果表明:目前,FCHCV的全生命周期材料消耗量高于DHCV,主要原因是锂电池的材料消耗量较高,基于光伏电解水制氢路径的FCHCV的节能减排效果较好,对环境产生的负面效益较低.到2035年,基于光伏电解水制氢的FCHCV的全生命周期化石能源消耗量、碳排放和酸化潜值较DHCV分别低41.78%、79.09%、55.30%,但基于混合电力电解水制氢的FCHCV的全生命周期化石能源消耗量、碳排放量和酸化潜值较DHCV分别高56.80%、10.47%和45.01%.研究显示,以可再生能源制氢为基础的FCHCV在未来具有较大的节能减排和降低环境负面效益潜力,但以混合电力制氢为基础的FCHCV未来与DHCV在节能减排和环境保护方面竞争力较小.
基金supported by the 1:50 000 Environmental Geological Survey Project of Sichuan-Chongqing Shale Gas Exploration and Development Zone (No.121201012000150013) from China Geological SurveyThe supports of Hydrogeological and Environmental Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey
文摘Studying the influence of shale gas exploration and development on groundwater environment is the basis of guiding water environment protection in the process of shale gas exploration and development.Groundwater environmental pollution is concealed,complex and persistent.Once it is difficult to control the pollution,the current commercial shale gas development zones in Sichuan Basin that are mostly located in karst areas and highly sensitive to groundwater will be vulnerable to the impact of shale gas exploration and development.Based on the hydrogeological conditions of shale gas exploration and development area and combined with engineering analysis of exploration and development,various risk pathways that may affect the groundwater environment during process of shale gas exploration,mining well construction,mining operations and other stages were identified in this paper.Some existing risk pathways were proved by verification of typical areas and should not be ignored.Based on the actual situation of typical areas,the countermeasures of groundwater environmental protection in the process of shale gas exploration and development in karst areas were discussed.It is believed that the groundwater environment can be better protected by strengthening administration,research and application of new technologies,precise design,hydrogeological conditions,and research and feedback of groundwater environmental protection.
