Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) accounts for over 90% of all primary liver cancers. With an ever increasing incidence trend year by year,it has become the third most common cause of death from cancer worldwide. Hepatic ...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) accounts for over 90% of all primary liver cancers. With an ever increasing incidence trend year by year,it has become the third most common cause of death from cancer worldwide. Hepatic resection is generally considered to be one of the most effective therapies for HCC patients,however,there is a high risk of recurrence in postoperativeHCC. In clinical practice,there exists an urgent need for valid prognostic markers to identify patients with prognosis,hence the importance of studies on prognostic markers in improving the prediction of HCC prognosis. This review focuses on the most promising immunohistochemical prognostic markers in predicting the postoperative survival of HCC patients.展开更多
he major adnexal structures of the skin, the sweat glands, regulate the body temperature. There are twotypes of sweat glands in the human body, the eccrine type, which produces the NaCl-rich solution in response to he...he major adnexal structures of the skin, the sweat glands, regulate the body temperature. There are twotypes of sweat glands in the human body, the eccrine type, which produces the NaCl-rich solution in response to heat, and the apocrine type, which releases a lipid-rich secretion. Human sweat glands have many immunohistochemical markers which have close relationship with sweat-related diseases. Recently, although numerous immunohistochemical markers appeared in sweat glands, these biomarkers scattered in the oceans of literature without a systemic review for the relationship between the immunohistochemical marker and their functions in the counterparts of the sweat glands. It is important for identifying sweat gland-derived neoplasms that originate from or differentiate into the ducts or secretory elements of the sweat glands by immunohistochemical markers. Therefore, it is necessary to make a review of the immunohistochemical markers systematically. Actually, we try to classify the immunohistochemical markers of the sweat glands into four groups according to their protein characters and the functions associated with their presumed physiological counterparts of the sweat apparatus.展开更多
目的探讨小肿块型浸润性导管癌(IDC)的声像图特征与免疫组化指标Ki-67、雌激素(ER)、孕激素(PR)及人表皮生长因子受体(Her-2)表达之间的相关性。方法回顾性分析行乳腺超声检查检出的73例肿块最大直径≤2.0 cm IDC患者的临床病理资料,分...目的探讨小肿块型浸润性导管癌(IDC)的声像图特征与免疫组化指标Ki-67、雌激素(ER)、孕激素(PR)及人表皮生长因子受体(Her-2)表达之间的相关性。方法回顾性分析行乳腺超声检查检出的73例肿块最大直径≤2.0 cm IDC患者的临床病理资料,分析其声像图特征与Ki-67、ER、PR及Her-2之间的相关性。结果 73例IDC患者Ki-67、ER、PR和Her-2的阳性率分别为69.9%、68.5%、60.3%和20.5%。肿块最大直径>1 cm组的Ki-67阳性率明显高于肿块最大直径≤1 cm组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肿块最大直径≤1 cm组的ER阳性率明显高于肿块最大直径>1 cm组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肿块形态不规则组、边缘毛刺组的Ki-67阳性率明显高于形态规则组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小肿块型IDC的声像图特征与免疫组化指标Ki-67、ER、PR及Her-2之间存在相关性,可为临床治疗及判断预后提供一定的参考依据。展开更多
Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of regularly used immunohistochemicalmarkers, including Vimentin ( Vim) , Desmin ( Des) , Myoglobin (MG) , Myosin ( MS) , Smooth-muscle actin (SMA) and Sarcomeric ...Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of regularly used immunohistochemicalmarkers, including Vimentin ( Vim) , Desmin ( Des) , Myoglobin (MG) , Myosin ( MS) , Smooth-muscle actin (SMA) and Sarcomeric actin (Sr-A) , in the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Methods After resection , 24 RMSs and other childhood tumor specimens were fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin and embeded in paraffin. The immunohistochemical staining was performed by LSAB procedure. Heat-induced epitope retrieval of Des, MS, Sr-A was processed in order to enhence positive rate and positive strength. Results Vim, MG, MS, Des, Sr-A, SMA were arranged in the order of sensitivity from higher to lower. About specificity, Sr-A, Des, SMA, MG, Vim standed in a sequence from higher to lower (the data of MS is insufficient) ; Des,MG, Sr-A possessed higher experimental efficiency, followed by SMA, Vim in a succession. Conclusion Vim and MG are of the higher sensitivity but lower specificity. On the reverse, Sr-A and Des hold the better specificity but lower sensitivity. So the combination of multiple antibody reactions should be considered to improve the diagnostic ability in poorly differentiated RMS. According to the result of experimental efficiency, we suggest that the combination of Des, MG and Sr-A can make it possible to diagnose the majority of RMS clearly.展开更多
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) accounts for over 90% of all primary liver cancers. With an ever increasing incidence trend year by year,it has become the third most common cause of death from cancer worldwide. Hepatic resection is generally considered to be one of the most effective therapies for HCC patients,however,there is a high risk of recurrence in postoperativeHCC. In clinical practice,there exists an urgent need for valid prognostic markers to identify patients with prognosis,hence the importance of studies on prognostic markers in improving the prediction of HCC prognosis. This review focuses on the most promising immunohistochemical prognostic markers in predicting the postoperative survival of HCC patients.
基金This review was supported by the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 30870991 and 30672176）, the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30230370）, and the Major State National Basic Science and Development Program （No. 2005CB522603）.
文摘he major adnexal structures of the skin, the sweat glands, regulate the body temperature. There are twotypes of sweat glands in the human body, the eccrine type, which produces the NaCl-rich solution in response to heat, and the apocrine type, which releases a lipid-rich secretion. Human sweat glands have many immunohistochemical markers which have close relationship with sweat-related diseases. Recently, although numerous immunohistochemical markers appeared in sweat glands, these biomarkers scattered in the oceans of literature without a systemic review for the relationship between the immunohistochemical marker and their functions in the counterparts of the sweat glands. It is important for identifying sweat gland-derived neoplasms that originate from or differentiate into the ducts or secretory elements of the sweat glands by immunohistochemical markers. Therefore, it is necessary to make a review of the immunohistochemical markers systematically. Actually, we try to classify the immunohistochemical markers of the sweat glands into four groups according to their protein characters and the functions associated with their presumed physiological counterparts of the sweat apparatus.
文摘Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of regularly used immunohistochemicalmarkers, including Vimentin ( Vim) , Desmin ( Des) , Myoglobin (MG) , Myosin ( MS) , Smooth-muscle actin (SMA) and Sarcomeric actin (Sr-A) , in the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Methods After resection , 24 RMSs and other childhood tumor specimens were fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin and embeded in paraffin. The immunohistochemical staining was performed by LSAB procedure. Heat-induced epitope retrieval of Des, MS, Sr-A was processed in order to enhence positive rate and positive strength. Results Vim, MG, MS, Des, Sr-A, SMA were arranged in the order of sensitivity from higher to lower. About specificity, Sr-A, Des, SMA, MG, Vim standed in a sequence from higher to lower (the data of MS is insufficient) ; Des,MG, Sr-A possessed higher experimental efficiency, followed by SMA, Vim in a succession. Conclusion Vim and MG are of the higher sensitivity but lower specificity. On the reverse, Sr-A and Des hold the better specificity but lower sensitivity. So the combination of multiple antibody reactions should be considered to improve the diagnostic ability in poorly differentiated RMS. According to the result of experimental efficiency, we suggest that the combination of Des, MG and Sr-A can make it possible to diagnose the majority of RMS clearly.
