Previous studies have shown that the long-term use of antiepileptic drugs can cause nervous system damage. However, short-term antiepileptic drug treatment is frequently given to in-fants, especially neonates, to cont...Previous studies have shown that the long-term use of antiepileptic drugs can cause nervous system damage. However, short-term antiepileptic drug treatment is frequently given to in-fants, especially neonates, to control seizure. Whether the short-term use of antiepileptic drugs is neurotoxic remains unclear. In the present study, immature rats, 3–21 days of age, were intraperitoneally injected with phenobarbital and/or topiramate for 3 consecutive days. Hema-toxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining revealed that phenobarbital and topiramate, individually or in combination, were cytotoxic to hippocampal CA1 neurons and inhibited the expression of GluR1 and NR2B, excitatory glutamate receptor subunits. Furthermore, the com-bination of the two drugs caused greater damage than either drug alone. The results demonstrate that the short-term use of antiepileptic drugs damages neurons in the immature brain and that the combined use of antiepileptic drugs exacerbates damage. Our ifndings suggest that clinicians should consider the potential neurotoxic risk associated with the combined use of antiepileptic drugs in the treatment of seizure.展开更多
The fetal neocortical transplant (E15-17 days gestation) of Wistar rat was grafted to the corresponding neocortical region (frontal-parietal lobe) of the same strain in young rats (4-5 weeks old). On the 7th, 15th, 30...The fetal neocortical transplant (E15-17 days gestation) of Wistar rat was grafted to the corresponding neocortical region (frontal-parietal lobe) of the same strain in young rats (4-5 weeks old). On the 7th, 15th, 30th, 60th, 150th day after transplantation, the sections cut through the middle area of graft-ost brain were examined by HE, Nissl, Glees stain, immunohistochemical technique for GFAP and NF, Nissl, Glees stain, immunohistochemical technique for GFAP and NF, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry as well as horseradish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde tracing with light microscope. Some of the sections were also examined with TEM. The result showed that most immature neurons within the graft can survive, grow, differentiate and mature, and are similar to the structure of the neocortical neurons of host brain. This study also provides patterns of integration of the interface between graft-host brain varying with the proliferation of reactive astrocyte as well as graft-host reciprocal connection of fibers.展开更多
惊厥是儿科常见的急重症,发生率高达4%,反复的惊厥性损伤不但影响患儿的智力发育,而且严重惊厥可引起永久性脑损伤,留有后遗症,给患儿家庭带来沉重打击。大量研究证明,黑质网状部(substantia nigra pars reticulate SNR)在癫痫发作中起...惊厥是儿科常见的急重症,发生率高达4%,反复的惊厥性损伤不但影响患儿的智力发育,而且严重惊厥可引起永久性脑损伤,留有后遗症,给患儿家庭带来沉重打击。大量研究证明,黑质网状部(substantia nigra pars reticulate SNR)在癫痫发作中起着"闸门"和"屏蔽"的作用,而未成熟脑耐受惊厥性损伤的机制与SNR特异性屏蔽的神经保护作用有关。展开更多
基金financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30973224Talent Cultivation Funds of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University of China,No.RC(XM)200908a grant from the Key Science and Technology Project of Shaanxi Province of China,No.2006k15-G1(2)
文摘Previous studies have shown that the long-term use of antiepileptic drugs can cause nervous system damage. However, short-term antiepileptic drug treatment is frequently given to in-fants, especially neonates, to control seizure. Whether the short-term use of antiepileptic drugs is neurotoxic remains unclear. In the present study, immature rats, 3–21 days of age, were intraperitoneally injected with phenobarbital and/or topiramate for 3 consecutive days. Hema-toxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining revealed that phenobarbital and topiramate, individually or in combination, were cytotoxic to hippocampal CA1 neurons and inhibited the expression of GluR1 and NR2B, excitatory glutamate receptor subunits. Furthermore, the com-bination of the two drugs caused greater damage than either drug alone. The results demonstrate that the short-term use of antiepileptic drugs damages neurons in the immature brain and that the combined use of antiepileptic drugs exacerbates damage. Our ifndings suggest that clinicians should consider the potential neurotoxic risk associated with the combined use of antiepileptic drugs in the treatment of seizure.
文摘The fetal neocortical transplant (E15-17 days gestation) of Wistar rat was grafted to the corresponding neocortical region (frontal-parietal lobe) of the same strain in young rats (4-5 weeks old). On the 7th, 15th, 30th, 60th, 150th day after transplantation, the sections cut through the middle area of graft-ost brain were examined by HE, Nissl, Glees stain, immunohistochemical technique for GFAP and NF, Nissl, Glees stain, immunohistochemical technique for GFAP and NF, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry as well as horseradish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde tracing with light microscope. Some of the sections were also examined with TEM. The result showed that most immature neurons within the graft can survive, grow, differentiate and mature, and are similar to the structure of the neocortical neurons of host brain. This study also provides patterns of integration of the interface between graft-host brain varying with the proliferation of reactive astrocyte as well as graft-host reciprocal connection of fibers.
文摘惊厥是儿科常见的急重症,发生率高达4%,反复的惊厥性损伤不但影响患儿的智力发育,而且严重惊厥可引起永久性脑损伤,留有后遗症,给患儿家庭带来沉重打击。大量研究证明,黑质网状部(substantia nigra pars reticulate SNR)在癫痫发作中起着"闸门"和"屏蔽"的作用,而未成熟脑耐受惊厥性损伤的机制与SNR特异性屏蔽的神经保护作用有关。
