The borders of Illinois were established when Illinois became a state in 1818. The western border was delineated using the Mississippi River, and the Ohio River was used as the southern border. The eastern border was ...The borders of Illinois were established when Illinois became a state in 1818. The western border was delineated using the Mississippi River, and the Ohio River was used as the southern border. The eastern border was formed by the Ohio and Wabash Rivers plus the line along latitude 42030＇30＇＇ connecting the Wabash River to Lake Michigan. As initially proposed, the northern border of Illinois would have been 82 km （51 mi） to the south of the current longitude line of 87~31 ＇. This 2,160,000 ha （5,440,000 ac） addition to Illinois resulted in the territory having the required minimum of 40,000 people to qualify as a state. The northern border was moved to allow the linkage of the Great Lakes shipping route to the Illinois and Mississippi River navigation channels. Illinois thus gained a valuable shoreline on Lake Michigan and a location for a shipping port hub which became Chicago. Initially the transfer of goods between these waterways required a portage, but later a shipping canal was created to link the waterways. During the Civil War, Union forces used the connected waterway systems as a northern supply route to avoid the contested Ohio River.展开更多
The variation in bedding thickness of the weak immediate floor has long been a challenge in the lllinois basin coal mines when it comes to floor stability. The vertical thickness of the immediate floor is not constant...The variation in bedding thickness of the weak immediate floor has long been a challenge in the lllinois basin coal mines when it comes to floor stability. The vertical thickness of the immediate floor is not constant throughout the mines and can vary over short horizontal distances. The biggest misconception from a design standpoint is to use the maximum or average thickness found from core logs taken from various locations on the mine property. The result of this practice is oversized pillars in the areas where the weak immediate floor has thinned vertically. This over-design leaves coal in situ which could have otherwise been extracted. This paper presents a plane strain numerical model to illustrate the effect of a change in bedding thickness of a weak immediate floor across one or two coal pillars. The floor bearing capacity of the variable floor below each pillar where then compared to the consistent floor. The results show that the varying bedding thickness of weak underclay has an impact on the bearing capacity of the floor. Geometrically with the decrease in bedding thickness for constant pillar width, the B/H ratio increases exponentially. The influence of varying bedding thickness on the floor bearing capacity is apparent at higher B/H ratios. The floor bearing capacity under a single pillar is in variable floor model if the average thickness remains constant. For single pillar, the average of the bedding thickness can be considered and for pillars in a panel, and a safety factor has been proposed to take into account this change in bedding thickness.展开更多
The Troy Bedrock Valley (TBV) and its tributary valleys are the principal pre-glacial drainage in southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois, USA. This study focused on the headwaters of a tributary that occurs in McHen...The Troy Bedrock Valley (TBV) and its tributary valleys are the principal pre-glacial drainage in southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois, USA. This study focused on the headwaters of a tributary that occurs in McHenry County, IL. Drilling, geophysical surveys, and the analysis of existing geologic and water well data were used to determine the lithologic and geometric characteristics of the sediments that fill the paleovalley. A 3D geologic model of these sediments was then developed in Petrel. More than 65 m of Quaternary sediments filled the paleovalley. The model domain covers approximately 30 km<sup>2</sup>. The valley drains to the west and meanders, which is distinct from the straight course of the overlying modern Kishwaukee River. The sediments that filled the valley were subdivided into five units. These units include Illinois-age Glasford Formation coarse-grained proglacial outwash and alluvial deposits (GS2, GS1) and fine-grained lacustrine and diamicton deposits (G2 and G1). The Wisconsin-age Henry Formation sand and gravel cap the valley fill, and Cahokia alluvium buries everything.展开更多
The Precambrian basement rocks of the Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Province(EGRP)in central Illinois(midcontinent region of North America)exhibit a complex history of early volcanism,granite emplacement,and intrusion of m...The Precambrian basement rocks of the Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Province(EGRP)in central Illinois(midcontinent region of North America)exhibit a complex history of early volcanism,granite emplacement,and intrusion of mafic rocks.A comprehensive suite of dedicated petrographic analyses,geophysical logs,and drill core from four basement-penetrating wells,two-dimensional and three-dimensional seismic reflection data,and U-Pb age data from the Illinois Basin–Decatur Project(IBDP)and Illinois Carbon Capture Storage(ICCS)Project site provide new constraints for interpreting the Precambrian basement of the Illinois Basin.These new data reveal the basement to be compositionally and structurally complex,having typical EGRP felsic volcanic rocks intruded by the first reported gabbro in the Precambrian basement in Illinois.Zircons(n?29)from rhyolite give a U-Pb weighted mean average age of 14679 Ma.Zircons(n?3)from a gabbro dike that intrudes the rhyolite yield a concordia age of 107312 Ma,which corresponds to Grenville-age extension and represents the first Grenville-age rock in Illinois and in the EGRP.A high-resolution three-dimensional seismic reflection volume,coincident with the four wells,provides a context for interpreting the petrological data and implies a high degree of heterogeneity for basement rocks at the IBDP–ICCS site,as also shown by the drill cores.The occurrence of Grenville-age gabbro is related to a prominent bowl-like structure observed on local two-dimensional seismic reflection profiles and the three-dimensional volume that is interpreted as a deep-seated mafic sill complex.Furthermore,heterogeneities such as the brecciated EGRP rhyolite and later gabbro intrusion observed in the basement lithology at the IBDP–ICCS may reflect previously unknown distal elements of the 1.1 Ga Midcontinent Rift in the EGRP and more likely Grenville-age extension.展开更多
The Lower Mississippi River flows from the confluence of the Ohio River and Mississippi River at Cairo, Illinois into the Gulf of Mexico. Mississippi River and Ohio River pathway shifts have shaped and re-shaped the l...The Lower Mississippi River flows from the confluence of the Ohio River and Mississippi River at Cairo, Illinois into the Gulf of Mexico. Mississippi River and Ohio River pathway shifts have shaped and re-shaped the landscapes through which they flow and where their sediment-laden tributary waters co-mingle at the confluence on the voyage to the Gulf of Mexico. For much of their history, the lands adjacent to the Lower Mississippi River were bottomlands that flooded with the seasons unconstrained by human river training structures. Since 1717 European nations have fought over strategic navigational control of the Mississippi River. After the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the United States took controlled the Lower Mississippi River. During the Civil War, from 1861-1865, the Union and Confederate forces battled for navigational control of the Lower Mississippi River. The primary objective of this paper was to highlight how the strategic navigational and flooding control of the Lower Mississippi River and geological and landscape resources were responsible for the successful economic development of this rich historical region of North America.展开更多
Sidney Hecht Prof.Hecht obtained his Ph.D.in chemistry at the University of Illinois,USA.Following studies as a National Institutes of Health(NIH)Postdoctoral Fellow in molecular biology at the University of Wisconsin...Sidney Hecht Prof.Hecht obtained his Ph.D.in chemistry at the University of Illinois,USA.Following studies as a National Institutes of Health(NIH)Postdoctoral Fellow in molecular biology at the University of Wisconsin(USA),he became a member of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)Chemistry Faculty from 1971 to 1979,John W.Mallet Professor of Chemistry and Professor of Biology at the University of Virginia(USA)from 1978 to 2008.展开更多
21世纪以来,入学准备及其评估备受世界各国关注。本文在重点介绍美国伊利诺伊州入学准备评估工具----幼儿园学童个体发展情况调查(Kindergarten Individual Development Survey简称"KIDS")的制订背景、结构体系及特点后,建议...21世纪以来,入学准备及其评估备受世界各国关注。本文在重点介绍美国伊利诺伊州入学准备评估工具----幼儿园学童个体发展情况调查(Kindergarten Individual Development Survey简称"KIDS")的制订背景、结构体系及特点后,建议我国在科学入学准备中关注本土化评估工具的研发,以“循证”理念为导向,重视真实性评价、以期优化政府在入学准备中的作用。展开更多
<正>Gary Reichard and Ted Dickson,eds.,America on the World Stage:A Global Approach to U.S.History,Urbana: University of Illinois Press,2008, xv + 352 pp.1990年代以来,美国史学界出现了'美国史全球化运动'...<正>Gary Reichard and Ted Dickson,eds.,America on the World Stage:A Global Approach to U.S.History,Urbana: University of Illinois Press,2008, xv + 352 pp.1990年代以来,美国史学界出现了'美国史全球化运动'的浪潮,力求'从全球视野考察美国历史',具体表现为:'在思想趋向上主张超越美国例外论或美国中心论,注重美国同外部世界的联系,强调国际环境和外来因素对美国历史的影响,并将眼光从欧洲转向非欧洲地区。研究的地域趋于扩大,不再局限于美国本土,而包括与美国发生联系的广大地区。展开更多
1986年,由河南省实验中学免试保送入清华大学计算机系。1991年,获清华大学计算机和经济管理双学位。1992年,赴美留学,在宜利诺易斯大学(University of Illinois)攻读计算机硕士学位。1993年,任职于瑞银华宝银行(S.G.Warburg)。1995年,...1986年,由河南省实验中学免试保送入清华大学计算机系。1991年,获清华大学计算机和经济管理双学位。1992年,赴美留学,在宜利诺易斯大学(University of Illinois)攻读计算机硕士学位。1993年,任职于瑞银华宝银行(S.G.Warburg)。1995年,芝加哥大学攻读MBA, 主修会计和金融。1997年,在华尔街摩根斯坦利(Morgan Stanley),任职投资银行家, 高级投资顾问。1999年,回国创办炎黄新星网络科技有限公司,任CEO。2003年,组建世模科技公司, 开始向网络游戏大举进军。展开更多
00585 Ultra Broadband MEMS Switch on Silicon and GaAs Substrates/R. Chan, R. Lesnick, D. Caruth et al (University of Illinois, USA)//GaAs MANTECH Conference. 2003.—25 报导了高可靠dc～110 GHz低压毫米波GaAs与Si衬底MEM...00585 Ultra Broadband MEMS Switch on Silicon and GaAs Substrates/R. Chan, R. Lesnick, D. Caruth et al (University of Illinois, USA)//GaAs MANTECH Conference. 2003.—25 报导了高可靠dc～110 GHz低压毫米波GaAs与Si衬底MEMS开关的性能。当频率高至110GHz,该开关插损小于6dB,隔离度大于15dB,开关寿命大于6.9×10~9循环。文章还介绍了实现超宽带性能及高可靠性所采用的设计方法和制造方法。展开更多
文摘The borders of Illinois were established when Illinois became a state in 1818. The western border was delineated using the Mississippi River, and the Ohio River was used as the southern border. The eastern border was formed by the Ohio and Wabash Rivers plus the line along latitude 42030＇30＇＇ connecting the Wabash River to Lake Michigan. As initially proposed, the northern border of Illinois would have been 82 km （51 mi） to the south of the current longitude line of 87~31 ＇. This 2,160,000 ha （5,440,000 ac） addition to Illinois resulted in the territory having the required minimum of 40,000 people to qualify as a state. The northern border was moved to allow the linkage of the Great Lakes shipping route to the Illinois and Mississippi River navigation channels. Illinois thus gained a valuable shoreline on Lake Michigan and a location for a shipping port hub which became Chicago. Initially the transfer of goods between these waterways required a portage, but later a shipping canal was created to link the waterways. During the Civil War, Union forces used the connected waterway systems as a northern supply route to avoid the contested Ohio River.
文摘The variation in bedding thickness of the weak immediate floor has long been a challenge in the lllinois basin coal mines when it comes to floor stability. The vertical thickness of the immediate floor is not constant throughout the mines and can vary over short horizontal distances. The biggest misconception from a design standpoint is to use the maximum or average thickness found from core logs taken from various locations on the mine property. The result of this practice is oversized pillars in the areas where the weak immediate floor has thinned vertically. This over-design leaves coal in situ which could have otherwise been extracted. This paper presents a plane strain numerical model to illustrate the effect of a change in bedding thickness of a weak immediate floor across one or two coal pillars. The floor bearing capacity of the variable floor below each pillar where then compared to the consistent floor. The results show that the varying bedding thickness of weak underclay has an impact on the bearing capacity of the floor. Geometrically with the decrease in bedding thickness for constant pillar width, the B/H ratio increases exponentially. The influence of varying bedding thickness on the floor bearing capacity is apparent at higher B/H ratios. The floor bearing capacity under a single pillar is in variable floor model if the average thickness remains constant. For single pillar, the average of the bedding thickness can be considered and for pillars in a panel, and a safety factor has been proposed to take into account this change in bedding thickness.
文摘The Troy Bedrock Valley (TBV) and its tributary valleys are the principal pre-glacial drainage in southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois, USA. This study focused on the headwaters of a tributary that occurs in McHenry County, IL. Drilling, geophysical surveys, and the analysis of existing geologic and water well data were used to determine the lithologic and geometric characteristics of the sediments that fill the paleovalley. A 3D geologic model of these sediments was then developed in Petrel. More than 65 m of Quaternary sediments filled the paleovalley. The model domain covers approximately 30 km<sup>2</sup>. The valley drains to the west and meanders, which is distinct from the straight course of the overlying modern Kishwaukee River. The sediments that filled the valley were subdivided into five units. These units include Illinois-age Glasford Formation coarse-grained proglacial outwash and alluvial deposits (GS2, GS1) and fine-grained lacustrine and diamicton deposits (G2 and G1). The Wisconsin-age Henry Formation sand and gravel cap the valley fill, and Cahokia alluvium buries everything.
基金supported by the Midwest Geological Sequestration Consortium (MGSC)
文摘The Precambrian basement rocks of the Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Province(EGRP)in central Illinois(midcontinent region of North America)exhibit a complex history of early volcanism,granite emplacement,and intrusion of mafic rocks.A comprehensive suite of dedicated petrographic analyses,geophysical logs,and drill core from four basement-penetrating wells,two-dimensional and three-dimensional seismic reflection data,and U-Pb age data from the Illinois Basin–Decatur Project(IBDP)and Illinois Carbon Capture Storage(ICCS)Project site provide new constraints for interpreting the Precambrian basement of the Illinois Basin.These new data reveal the basement to be compositionally and structurally complex,having typical EGRP felsic volcanic rocks intruded by the first reported gabbro in the Precambrian basement in Illinois.Zircons(n?29)from rhyolite give a U-Pb weighted mean average age of 14679 Ma.Zircons(n?3)from a gabbro dike that intrudes the rhyolite yield a concordia age of 107312 Ma,which corresponds to Grenville-age extension and represents the first Grenville-age rock in Illinois and in the EGRP.A high-resolution three-dimensional seismic reflection volume,coincident with the four wells,provides a context for interpreting the petrological data and implies a high degree of heterogeneity for basement rocks at the IBDP–ICCS site,as also shown by the drill cores.The occurrence of Grenville-age gabbro is related to a prominent bowl-like structure observed on local two-dimensional seismic reflection profiles and the three-dimensional volume that is interpreted as a deep-seated mafic sill complex.Furthermore,heterogeneities such as the brecciated EGRP rhyolite and later gabbro intrusion observed in the basement lithology at the IBDP–ICCS may reflect previously unknown distal elements of the 1.1 Ga Midcontinent Rift in the EGRP and more likely Grenville-age extension.
文摘The Lower Mississippi River flows from the confluence of the Ohio River and Mississippi River at Cairo, Illinois into the Gulf of Mexico. Mississippi River and Ohio River pathway shifts have shaped and re-shaped the landscapes through which they flow and where their sediment-laden tributary waters co-mingle at the confluence on the voyage to the Gulf of Mexico. For much of their history, the lands adjacent to the Lower Mississippi River were bottomlands that flooded with the seasons unconstrained by human river training structures. Since 1717 European nations have fought over strategic navigational control of the Mississippi River. After the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the United States took controlled the Lower Mississippi River. During the Civil War, from 1861-1865, the Union and Confederate forces battled for navigational control of the Lower Mississippi River. The primary objective of this paper was to highlight how the strategic navigational and flooding control of the Lower Mississippi River and geological and landscape resources were responsible for the successful economic development of this rich historical region of North America.
文摘Sidney Hecht Prof.Hecht obtained his Ph.D.in chemistry at the University of Illinois,USA.Following studies as a National Institutes of Health(NIH)Postdoctoral Fellow in molecular biology at the University of Wisconsin(USA),he became a member of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)Chemistry Faculty from 1971 to 1979,John W.Mallet Professor of Chemistry and Professor of Biology at the University of Virginia(USA)from 1978 to 2008.
文摘21世纪以来,入学准备及其评估备受世界各国关注。本文在重点介绍美国伊利诺伊州入学准备评估工具----幼儿园学童个体发展情况调查(Kindergarten Individual Development Survey简称"KIDS")的制订背景、结构体系及特点后,建议我国在科学入学准备中关注本土化评估工具的研发,以“循证”理念为导向,重视真实性评价、以期优化政府在入学准备中的作用。
文摘<正>Gary Reichard and Ted Dickson,eds.,America on the World Stage:A Global Approach to U.S.History,Urbana: University of Illinois Press,2008, xv + 352 pp.1990年代以来,美国史学界出现了'美国史全球化运动'的浪潮,力求'从全球视野考察美国历史',具体表现为:'在思想趋向上主张超越美国例外论或美国中心论,注重美国同外部世界的联系,强调国际环境和外来因素对美国历史的影响,并将眼光从欧洲转向非欧洲地区。研究的地域趋于扩大,不再局限于美国本土,而包括与美国发生联系的广大地区。
文摘00585 Ultra Broadband MEMS Switch on Silicon and GaAs Substrates/R. Chan, R. Lesnick, D. Caruth et al (University of Illinois, USA)//GaAs MANTECH Conference. 2003.—25 报导了高可靠dc～110 GHz低压毫米波GaAs与Si衬底MEMS开关的性能。当频率高至110GHz,该开关插损小于6dB,隔离度大于15dB,开关寿命大于6.9×10~9循环。文章还介绍了实现超宽带性能及高可靠性所采用的设计方法和制造方法。
