构建"退耕还林可持续生计分析框架"。利用北京大学环境经济与政策小组2004年在宁夏和贵州获取的调研数据,采用匹配倍差法(matching difference in difference regression)等计量经济模型,识别退耕还林工程实施对农户可持续生...构建"退耕还林可持续生计分析框架"。利用北京大学环境经济与政策小组2004年在宁夏和贵州获取的调研数据,采用匹配倍差法(matching difference in difference regression)等计量经济模型,识别退耕还林工程实施对农户可持续生计的净影响。短期的收入分析表明,退耕还林对农户的种植业收入产生显著的负面影响;林业和养殖业短期内难以成为替代收入来源;外出务工收入明显增加,但退耕还林在其中发挥的直接促进作用不显著。长期来看,资产积累是决定农户生计状况和发展最重要的指标,但目前中国西部贫困地区人力、物质、自然、社会和资金5种生计资产较低,制约了生计能力的提高。因此,为了促使农户可持续生计的获得及发展,保障政策效果和可持续性,新一轮的退耕还林政策除了实施直接补助外,需要更加关注农户资产和生计能力的加强。展开更多
Livelihoods of farmers and nomads in Tibetan Plateau are severely affected by grassland and herbal resources degeneration. How to help them achieve livelihood diversi- fication is a key sustainable development issue. ...Livelihoods of farmers and nomads in Tibetan Plateau are severely affected by grassland and herbal resources degeneration. How to help them achieve livelihood diversi- fication is a key sustainable development issue. This paper examines livelihood assets, live- lihood diversification level and livelihood strategies of farmers and nomads in 3 regions of eastern transect in Tibetan Plateau. The results show that livelihood diversification is a popular strategy. From high mountain gorge region to mountain plateau region and plateau region, livelihood diversification level is reduced, and livelihood activities and proportion of extended livelihood also decrease. Livelihood assets and livelihood diversification level decrease with the increase of elevation, mainly shown in human assets and natural assets. Livelihood diversification level is highly correlative with livelihood assets, mainly shown in natural assets, human assets and social assets. Livelihood improvement strategies of farmers and nomads are still based on existing livelihood assets, mainly raising livestock and digging herbs, and less farmers and nomads consider off-farm employment or doing business. Nomads in plateau region should learn much from experiences of extended livelihoods of people in high mountain gorge region and mountain plateau region. Therefore, aids of governments should focus on relieving restricted factors of livelihood diversification and help them improve their abilities to build up extended type livelihoods.展开更多
文摘构建"退耕还林可持续生计分析框架"。利用北京大学环境经济与政策小组2004年在宁夏和贵州获取的调研数据,采用匹配倍差法(matching difference in difference regression)等计量经济模型,识别退耕还林工程实施对农户可持续生计的净影响。短期的收入分析表明,退耕还林对农户的种植业收入产生显著的负面影响;林业和养殖业短期内难以成为替代收入来源;外出务工收入明显增加,但退耕还林在其中发挥的直接促进作用不显著。长期来看,资产积累是决定农户生计状况和发展最重要的指标,但目前中国西部贫困地区人力、物质、自然、社会和资金5种生计资产较低,制约了生计能力的提高。因此,为了促使农户可持续生计的获得及发展,保障政策效果和可持续性,新一轮的退耕还林政策除了实施直接补助外,需要更加关注农户资产和生计能力的加强。
基金The National Basic Research Program of China, No.2005CB422006 National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40601006
文摘Livelihoods of farmers and nomads in Tibetan Plateau are severely affected by grassland and herbal resources degeneration. How to help them achieve livelihood diversi- fication is a key sustainable development issue. This paper examines livelihood assets, live- lihood diversification level and livelihood strategies of farmers and nomads in 3 regions of eastern transect in Tibetan Plateau. The results show that livelihood diversification is a popular strategy. From high mountain gorge region to mountain plateau region and plateau region, livelihood diversification level is reduced, and livelihood activities and proportion of extended livelihood also decrease. Livelihood assets and livelihood diversification level decrease with the increase of elevation, mainly shown in human assets and natural assets. Livelihood diversification level is highly correlative with livelihood assets, mainly shown in natural assets, human assets and social assets. Livelihood improvement strategies of farmers and nomads are still based on existing livelihood assets, mainly raising livestock and digging herbs, and less farmers and nomads consider off-farm employment or doing business. Nomads in plateau region should learn much from experiences of extended livelihoods of people in high mountain gorge region and mountain plateau region. Therefore, aids of governments should focus on relieving restricted factors of livelihood diversification and help them improve their abilities to build up extended type livelihoods.
