This paper develops a social media-disaster resilience analysis framework by categorizing types of social media use and their challenges to better understand and assess its role in disaster resilience research and man...This paper develops a social media-disaster resilience analysis framework by categorizing types of social media use and their challenges to better understand and assess its role in disaster resilience research and management.The framework is derived primarily from several case studies of Twitter use in three hurricane events in the United States-Hurricanes Isaac,Sandy,and Harvey.The paper first outlines four major contributions of social media data for disaster resilience research and management,which include serving as an effective communication platform,providing ground truth information for emergency response and rescue operations,providing information on people's sentiments,and allowing predictive modeling.However,there are four_key challenges to its uses,which include,easy spreading of false information,social and geographical disparities of Twitter use,technical issues on processing and analyzing big and noisy data,especially on improving the locational accuracy of the tweets,and algorithm bias in Al and other types of modeling.Then,the paper proposes twenty strategies that the four sectors of the social media community-organizations,individuals,social media companies,and researchers-could take to improve social media use to increase disaster resilience.展开更多
Understanding that the magnetic phenomenon is both a particle, khumalon, that organizes itself into a wave formation to travel through a medium, this paper shows proof of this in detail. It can only be doing this beca...Understanding that the magnetic phenomenon is both a particle, khumalon, that organizes itself into a wave formation to travel through a medium, this paper shows proof of this in detail. It can only be doing this because it is traveling through some medium. This paper is about observing relationships that are a result of different polarized magnetic phenomenon forced into relationships. The magnet shows it does not behave differently from other particles;when they have relationships with their “anti” particle, annihilation takes place. Two magnets will always be like a collider, but because the magnetic phenomenon is already unstable and of low energy allows us to see things otherwise difficult with particles of higher energy. Isaac Newton is truly needed in explaining this phenomenon. The magnetic phenomenon adheres to the first two laws of everything. All data can be found on figshare.com, to share.展开更多
Introduction: The presence of mould as a source of perennial allergens and bacteria products has been related to the appearance of respiratory symptoms in several studies. Yet, its role in eczema has not been elucidat...Introduction: The presence of mould as a source of perennial allergens and bacteria products has been related to the appearance of respiratory symptoms in several studies. Yet, its role in eczema has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between exposure to indoor visible molds/dampness and the manifestation of eczema in children. Methods: The study is part of the Greek contribution to ISAAC IΙ that includes 2023 students of randomly selected public primary schools in Athens and Thessaloniki, aged 9 - 10 years old. The children represented a general population sample and were evaluated according to ISAAC II questionnaire, validated for Greek language. Additionally, skin prick tests to aero-allergens were performed and children were examined for active skin lesions. Results: 13% had suffered from eczema in the past, 9% had current and 2% had atopic eczema (positive at least one skin prick test). Out of the children examined, half reported that eczema first appeared after the age of five years old whereas 70% mentioned persistence of eczema. Dampness was reported in 10.8% and visible mould in 6.4% of all cases during infancy, while continued exposure until the age of 10 years old was reported in 38% and 33% out of them respectively. 10.8% of the sensitized children were positive to house dust mites and Alternaria, however, sensitization was not related to indoor exposure. In logistic regression analysis evaluating 20 environmental risk factors, a significant association was noted between the presence of indoor visible mold and dampness in infancy, and the presence of current eczema OR 1, 89 (95%CI 1.18 - 3.03). This association remained significant irrespective of the family history of eczema and sensitization. Conclusions: Frequently eczema first appears at early school age. The presence of visible mold and dampness at home during infancy appears to be an initial enhancing risk factor for the development but also for the persistence of the disease throughout school age.展开更多
Isaac River catchment, which is located within Fitzroy basin in Central Queensland, Australia is mostly a semi-arid region, sparsely populated, but rife with economic activities such as mining, grazing, cropping and p...Isaac River catchment, which is located within Fitzroy basin in Central Queensland, Australia is mostly a semi-arid region, sparsely populated, but rife with economic activities such as mining, grazing, cropping and production forestry. Hydro-meteorological data over the past several decades reveal that the catchment is experiencing increasing variability in precipitation and streamflow contributing to more severe droughts and floods supposedly due to climate change. The exposure of the economic activities in the catchment to the vagaries of nature and the possible impacts of climate change on the stream flow regime are to be analyzed. For the purpose, SWAT model was adopted to capture the dynamics of the catchment. During calibration of the model 12 parameters were found to be significant which yielded a R2 value of 0.73 for calibration and 0.66 for validation. In the next stage, six GCMs from CMIP3 namely, CGCM3.1/T47, CNRM-CM3, GFDL-CM2.1, IPSLCM4, MIROC3.2 (medres) and MRI CGCM2.3.2 were selected for climate change projections in the Fitzroy basin under a very high emissions scenario (A2), a medium emissions scenario (A1B) and a low emissions scenario (B1) for two future periods (2046-2064) and (2080-2100). All GCMs showed consistent increases in temperature, and as expected, highest rate for A2 and lowest rate for B1. Precipitation predictions were mixed-reductions in A2 and increases in A1B and B1, and more variations in distant future compared to near future. When the projected temperatures and precipitation were inputted into the SWAT model, and the model outputs were compared with the baseline period (1980-2010), the picture that emerged depicted worsening water resources variability.展开更多
The earliest known image of the binding of Isaac,known as the Akedah,is on a Torah shrine in a synagogue in Dura Europos,Syria dating before 244(fig.1).It shows a fully developed iconography of a young Isaac on the al...The earliest known image of the binding of Isaac,known as the Akedah,is on a Torah shrine in a synagogue in Dura Europos,Syria dating before 244(fig.1).It shows a fully developed iconography of a young Isaac on the altar with the burning wood,the ram by the tree,Abraham holding the knife,and the hand of God issuing from a cloud.Though the visual narrative is largely based on the account of the Akedah in Genesis 22,it also relies on details found in other Jewish literary sources that include the Talmud,Targum Onkelos,Targum Pseudo-Jonathan,commentary on Genesis by Rashi,Midrash account of Pirkei De Rabbi Eliezer,and Genesis Rabbah.This paper will present unexplored Jewish sources for the iconography of the Akedah/Sacrifice of Isaac in art of Late Antiquity.展开更多
1最初发现
Isaac Asimov说，科学领域最激动人心的词语不是“Eureka!”，但“这是有趣的……”这句话集中体现了（Roy Plunkett）罗伊·普伦凯脱博士在杜邦公司工作时的心得，1938年他的任务是寻找新型制冷剂Freon，其间偶然发现...1最初发现
Isaac Asimov说，科学领域最激动人心的词语不是“Eureka!”，但“这是有趣的……”这句话集中体现了（Roy Plunkett）罗伊·普伦凯脱博士在杜邦公司工作时的心得，1938年他的任务是寻找新型制冷剂Freon，其间偶然发现了聚四氟乙烯（结构式见图1）。聚四氟乙烯具有独特的物理化学性质，展开更多
American Jewish writer Isaac Bashevis Singer’s Enemies:A Love Story explores the experience of Holocaust survivors in post-Holocaust America.The novel takes the entangled relationship between the protagonists as the ...American Jewish writer Isaac Bashevis Singer’s Enemies:A Love Story explores the experience of Holocaust survivors in post-Holocaust America.The novel takes the entangled relationship between the protagonists as the primary developmental clue,mirroring the plights that the American Jewish immigrants have encountered in this new land of promise.Through the description of the living conditions of those Holocaust survivors in the post-Holocaust era,the novel reveals the catastrophic trauma of the Jewish individuals and the whole Jewish nation.This article delves into the psychological trauma of those Holocaust survivors,and explores the journey of recovery they are searching by a combined analysis of their traumatic experience and symptoms.By applying the trauma theory to interpret this novel,it is aimed not merely to depict the traumatized history of the Holocaust and its universe evil from a new perspective,but to remind the readers that history cannot be forgotten.展开更多
艾萨克·维特金（Isaac Witkin,1936-2006）是一位享有国际声誉的现代雕塑家。他在1957年进入伦敦圣马丁艺术学院（Saint Martin＇s School of Art）深造,师从英国著名雕塑家安东尼·卡罗爵士（Sir Anthony Caro）。卡罗在圣马...艾萨克·维特金（Isaac Witkin,1936-2006）是一位享有国际声誉的现代雕塑家。他在1957年进入伦敦圣马丁艺术学院（Saint Martin＇s School of Art）深造,师从英国著名雕塑家安东尼·卡罗爵士（Sir Anthony Caro）。卡罗在圣马丁艺术学院任教期间,对英国年轻一代的雕塑家产生了不小的影响。这些艺术家中大多数在1965年的＂1965：新生代＂展览中崭露头角,其中包括了英国极少主义雕塑家菲利普·金（Phillip King）和威廉·塔克（William Tucker）等人。展开更多
20世纪30年代，研究宇宙线的天文学家见证了一个“奇迹”发生的时刻。他们发现了一种新的粒子——μ介子，它像电子一样带一个负电荷，但质量却介于电子和质子之间。这一发现是如此令人吃惊，而这种粒子又是如此的意料之外，使得诺贝尔...20世纪30年代，研究宇宙线的天文学家见证了一个“奇迹”发生的时刻。他们发现了一种新的粒子——μ介子，它像电子一样带一个负电荷，但质量却介于电子和质子之间。这一发现是如此令人吃惊，而这种粒子又是如此的意料之外，使得诺贝尔奖得主伊西多·艾萨克·拉比（Isidor Isaac Rabi）不禁调侃道：“这是谁点的？”展开更多
基金supported by U.S.National Science Foundation:[Grant Number Award#:1762600 and 1620451].
文摘This paper develops a social media-disaster resilience analysis framework by categorizing types of social media use and their challenges to better understand and assess its role in disaster resilience research and management.The framework is derived primarily from several case studies of Twitter use in three hurricane events in the United States-Hurricanes Isaac,Sandy,and Harvey.The paper first outlines four major contributions of social media data for disaster resilience research and management,which include serving as an effective communication platform,providing ground truth information for emergency response and rescue operations,providing information on people's sentiments,and allowing predictive modeling.However,there are four_key challenges to its uses,which include,easy spreading of false information,social and geographical disparities of Twitter use,technical issues on processing and analyzing big and noisy data,especially on improving the locational accuracy of the tweets,and algorithm bias in Al and other types of modeling.Then,the paper proposes twenty strategies that the four sectors of the social media community-organizations,individuals,social media companies,and researchers-could take to improve social media use to increase disaster resilience.
文摘Understanding that the magnetic phenomenon is both a particle, khumalon, that organizes itself into a wave formation to travel through a medium, this paper shows proof of this in detail. It can only be doing this because it is traveling through some medium. This paper is about observing relationships that are a result of different polarized magnetic phenomenon forced into relationships. The magnet shows it does not behave differently from other particles;when they have relationships with their “anti” particle, annihilation takes place. Two magnets will always be like a collider, but because the magnetic phenomenon is already unstable and of low energy allows us to see things otherwise difficult with particles of higher energy. Isaac Newton is truly needed in explaining this phenomenon. The magnetic phenomenon adheres to the first two laws of everything. All data can be found on figshare.com, to share.
文摘Introduction: The presence of mould as a source of perennial allergens and bacteria products has been related to the appearance of respiratory symptoms in several studies. Yet, its role in eczema has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between exposure to indoor visible molds/dampness and the manifestation of eczema in children. Methods: The study is part of the Greek contribution to ISAAC IΙ that includes 2023 students of randomly selected public primary schools in Athens and Thessaloniki, aged 9 - 10 years old. The children represented a general population sample and were evaluated according to ISAAC II questionnaire, validated for Greek language. Additionally, skin prick tests to aero-allergens were performed and children were examined for active skin lesions. Results: 13% had suffered from eczema in the past, 9% had current and 2% had atopic eczema (positive at least one skin prick test). Out of the children examined, half reported that eczema first appeared after the age of five years old whereas 70% mentioned persistence of eczema. Dampness was reported in 10.8% and visible mould in 6.4% of all cases during infancy, while continued exposure until the age of 10 years old was reported in 38% and 33% out of them respectively. 10.8% of the sensitized children were positive to house dust mites and Alternaria, however, sensitization was not related to indoor exposure. In logistic regression analysis evaluating 20 environmental risk factors, a significant association was noted between the presence of indoor visible mold and dampness in infancy, and the presence of current eczema OR 1, 89 (95%CI 1.18 - 3.03). This association remained significant irrespective of the family history of eczema and sensitization. Conclusions: Frequently eczema first appears at early school age. The presence of visible mold and dampness at home during infancy appears to be an initial enhancing risk factor for the development but also for the persistence of the disease throughout school age.
文摘Isaac River catchment, which is located within Fitzroy basin in Central Queensland, Australia is mostly a semi-arid region, sparsely populated, but rife with economic activities such as mining, grazing, cropping and production forestry. Hydro-meteorological data over the past several decades reveal that the catchment is experiencing increasing variability in precipitation and streamflow contributing to more severe droughts and floods supposedly due to climate change. The exposure of the economic activities in the catchment to the vagaries of nature and the possible impacts of climate change on the stream flow regime are to be analyzed. For the purpose, SWAT model was adopted to capture the dynamics of the catchment. During calibration of the model 12 parameters were found to be significant which yielded a R2 value of 0.73 for calibration and 0.66 for validation. In the next stage, six GCMs from CMIP3 namely, CGCM3.1/T47, CNRM-CM3, GFDL-CM2.1, IPSLCM4, MIROC3.2 (medres) and MRI CGCM2.3.2 were selected for climate change projections in the Fitzroy basin under a very high emissions scenario (A2), a medium emissions scenario (A1B) and a low emissions scenario (B1) for two future periods (2046-2064) and (2080-2100). All GCMs showed consistent increases in temperature, and as expected, highest rate for A2 and lowest rate for B1. Precipitation predictions were mixed-reductions in A2 and increases in A1B and B1, and more variations in distant future compared to near future. When the projected temperatures and precipitation were inputted into the SWAT model, and the model outputs were compared with the baseline period (1980-2010), the picture that emerged depicted worsening water resources variability.
文摘The earliest known image of the binding of Isaac,known as the Akedah,is on a Torah shrine in a synagogue in Dura Europos,Syria dating before 244(fig.1).It shows a fully developed iconography of a young Isaac on the altar with the burning wood,the ram by the tree,Abraham holding the knife,and the hand of God issuing from a cloud.Though the visual narrative is largely based on the account of the Akedah in Genesis 22,it also relies on details found in other Jewish literary sources that include the Talmud,Targum Onkelos,Targum Pseudo-Jonathan,commentary on Genesis by Rashi,Midrash account of Pirkei De Rabbi Eliezer,and Genesis Rabbah.This paper will present unexplored Jewish sources for the iconography of the Akedah/Sacrifice of Isaac in art of Late Antiquity.
文摘1最初发现
Isaac Asimov说，科学领域最激动人心的词语不是“Eureka!”，但“这是有趣的……”这句话集中体现了（Roy Plunkett）罗伊·普伦凯脱博士在杜邦公司工作时的心得，1938年他的任务是寻找新型制冷剂Freon，其间偶然发现了聚四氟乙烯（结构式见图1）。聚四氟乙烯具有独特的物理化学性质，
文摘American Jewish writer Isaac Bashevis Singer’s Enemies:A Love Story explores the experience of Holocaust survivors in post-Holocaust America.The novel takes the entangled relationship between the protagonists as the primary developmental clue,mirroring the plights that the American Jewish immigrants have encountered in this new land of promise.Through the description of the living conditions of those Holocaust survivors in the post-Holocaust era,the novel reveals the catastrophic trauma of the Jewish individuals and the whole Jewish nation.This article delves into the psychological trauma of those Holocaust survivors,and explores the journey of recovery they are searching by a combined analysis of their traumatic experience and symptoms.By applying the trauma theory to interpret this novel,it is aimed not merely to depict the traumatized history of the Holocaust and its universe evil from a new perspective,but to remind the readers that history cannot be forgotten.
文摘艾萨克·维特金（Isaac Witkin,1936-2006）是一位享有国际声誉的现代雕塑家。他在1957年进入伦敦圣马丁艺术学院（Saint Martin＇s School of Art）深造,师从英国著名雕塑家安东尼·卡罗爵士（Sir Anthony Caro）。卡罗在圣马丁艺术学院任教期间,对英国年轻一代的雕塑家产生了不小的影响。这些艺术家中大多数在1965年的＂1965：新生代＂展览中崭露头角,其中包括了英国极少主义雕塑家菲利普·金（Phillip King）和威廉·塔克（William Tucker）等人。
文摘20世纪30年代，研究宇宙线的天文学家见证了一个“奇迹”发生的时刻。他们发现了一种新的粒子——μ介子，它像电子一样带一个负电荷，但质量却介于电子和质子之间。这一发现是如此令人吃惊，而这种粒子又是如此的意料之外，使得诺贝尔奖得主伊西多·艾萨克·拉比（Isidor Isaac Rabi）不禁调侃道：“这是谁点的？”
