Biomass has been utilized as an energy source for thousands of years typically in the formof wood and charcoal.Technological advances create new methodologies to extract energy and chemicals frombiomass. The biomass-d...Biomass has been utilized as an energy source for thousands of years typically in the formof wood and charcoal.Technological advances create new methodologies to extract energy and chemicals frombiomass. The biomass-derived nanostructured porous carbons(BDNPCs) are the most promising sulfur hosts and interlayers in rechargeable lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries. In this article, a comprehensive review is provided in the synthesis of nanostructured porous carbon materials for high-performance rechargeable Li-S batteries by using biomass. The performances of the Li-S batteries dependent on the porous structures(micro, meso and hierarchical) from BDNPCs are discussed, which can provide an in-depth understanding and guide rational design of high-performance cathode materials by using low-cost,sustainable and natural bio-precursors. Furthermore, the current existing challenges and the future research directions for enhancing the performance of Li-S batteries by using natural biomass materials are also addressed.展开更多
Layered molybdenum disulfide （MoS2） has received much attention as one of the most promising energy-storage and conversion materials for Li/Na ion batteries. Here, a simple and effective approach is proposed for the...Layered molybdenum disulfide （MoS2） has received much attention as one of the most promising energy-storage and conversion materials for Li/Na ion batteries. Here, a simple and effective approach is proposed for the rational design and preparation of hierarchical three-d imensional （3D） amorphous N-doped carbon nanotube@MoS2 nanosheets （3D-ANCNT@MoS2） via a simple hydrothermal method, followed by an annealing process. With such a unique nanoarchitecture, ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets grown on the external surfaces of polypyrrole-derived ANCNTs are assembled to form a hierarchical 3D nanoarchitecture, where the adopted ANCNTs serve not only as the template and continuous conductive matrix, but can also prevent MoS2 from aggregating and restacking, and help to buffer the volumetric expansion of MoS2 during cycling. More importantly, when evaluated as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries, the 3D-ANCNT@MoS2 composite exhibits excellent cycling stability, superior rate performance, and reversible specific capacity as high as 893.4 mAh·g^-1 at 0.2 A·g^-1 after 200 cycles in a half battery, and 669.4 mAh·g^-1 at 0.2 A·g^-1 after 100 cycles in the 3D-ANCNT@Mo2//LiCoO2 full battery. With respect to sodium-ion batteries, the outstanding reversible capacity, excellent rate behavior, and good cycling performance of 3D-ANCNT@MoS2 composites are also achieved.展开更多
Although lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)exhibit high theoretical energy density,their practical application is hindered by poor conductivity of the sulfur cathode,the shuttle effect,and the irreversible deposition of L...Although lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)exhibit high theoretical energy density,their practical application is hindered by poor conductivity of the sulfur cathode,the shuttle effect,and the irreversible deposition of Li_(2)S.To address these issues,a novel composite,using electrospinning technology,consisting of Fe_(3)Se_(4)and porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers was designed for the interlayer of LSBs.The porous carbon nanofiber structure facilitates the transport of ions and electrons,while the Fe_(3)Se_(4)material adsorbs lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)and accelerates its catalytic conversion process.Furthermore,the Fe_(3)Se_(4)material interacts with soluble LiPSs to generate a new polysulfide intermediate,Li_(x)FeS_(y)complex,which changes the electrochemical reaction pathway and facilitates the three-dimensional deposition of Li_(2)S,enhancing the reversibility of LSBs.The designed LSB demonstrates a high specific capacity of1529.6 mA h g^(-1)in the first cycle at 0.2 C.The rate performance is also excellent,maintaining an ultra-high specific capacity of 779.7 mA h g^(-1)at a high rate of 8 C.This investigation explores the mechanism of the interaction between the interlayer and LiPSs,and provides a new strategy to regulate the reaction kinetics and Li_(2)S deposition in LSBs.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)have become promising next-generation energy storage technologies for electric vehicles and portable electronics,due to its excellent theoretical specific energy.However,the low conductiv...Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)have become promising next-generation energy storage technologies for electric vehicles and portable electronics,due to its excellent theoretical specific energy.However,the low conductivity of sulfur species,notorious lithium dendrites,the severe"shuttle effect"of polysulfides(LiPSs)and the inferior kinetic reaction for LiPSs/Li_(2)S conversion during discharge-charge have seriously hindered their practical application,and also pose potential safety hazards.Owing to their superior porous architectures,high specific surface areas,excellent structural designability,functional modifiability,abundant active sites and flexibility of carbon-containing electrospun nanofibers(CENFs),they exhibited the superior characteristics that can simultaneously solve the above issues.In this review,we summarize the recent progress and application of CENFs in LSBs.First,we provide a brief introduction to the structure and composition controlled of carbon nanofibers by electrospinning.We then review progress in recent developments of CENFs for LSBs including cathodes,anodes,separators,and interlayers.We focus on how to solve practical issues that arise when the CENFs are applied to various parts of LSBs,and the relevant working mechanisms are described,from high sulfur loading and Li dendrites suppression to LiPSs’confinement and conversion.Finally,we summarize and propose the existing challenges and future prospects of CENFs,for the design and architecture of electrochemical components in Li-S energy storage systems.展开更多
To overcome the serious technological issues affecting lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries,such as sluggish sulfur redox kinetics and the detrimental shuttle effect,heterostructure engineering has been investigated as a st...To overcome the serious technological issues affecting lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries,such as sluggish sulfur redox kinetics and the detrimental shuttle effect,heterostructure engineering has been investigated as a strategy to effectively capture soluble lithium polysulfide intermediates and promote their conversion reaction by integrating highly polar metal oxides with catalytically active metals sulfides.However,to fully exploit the outstanding properties of heterostructure-based composites,their detailed structure and interfacial contacts should be designed rationally.Herein,optimally arranged TiO_(2)and MoS_(2)-based heterostructures(TiO_(2)@MoS_(2)) are fabricated on carbon cloth as a multifunctional interlayer to efficiently trap polysulfide intermediates and accelerate their redox kinetics.Owing to the synergistic effects between TiO_(2)and MoS_(2)and the uniform heterointerface distribution that induces the ideally oriented built-in electric field,Li-S batteries with TiO_(2)@MoS_(2)interlayers exhibit high rate capability(601 mA h g^(-1)at 5 C),good cycling stability(capacity-fade rate of 0.067% per cycle over 500 cycles at2 C),and satisfactory areal capacity(5.2 mA h cm^(-2)) under an increased sulfur loading of 5.2 mg cm^(-2).Moreover,by comparing with a MoS_(2)@TiO_(2)interlayer composed of reversely arranged heterostructures,the effect of the built-in electric field’s direction on the electrocatalytic reactions of polysulfide intermediates is thoroughly investigated for the first time.The superior electrocatalytic activities of the rationally arranged TiO_(2)@MoS_(2)interlayer demonstrate the importance of optimizing the built-in electric field of heterostructures for producing high-performance Li-S batteries.展开更多
The results of paleogeomagnetics and geo-chemistry of the coral reef in well Nanyong 2 of Nansha Is-lands showed that the bottom of the black sedimentary in-terlayer corresponds to the conversion boundary line be-twee...The results of paleogeomagnetics and geo-chemistry of the coral reef in well Nanyong 2 of Nansha Is-lands showed that the bottom of the black sedimentary in-terlayer corresponds to the conversion boundary line be-tween Brunhes Postive Polarity and Matuyama Reversed Polarity (B/M) and the cold/warm (19/20) climatic conver-sion bounds on ()18O curve, 0.78 Ma ago; and the red sedi-mentary interlayer corresponds to the Reunion I polarity excursion (reversion) of the geomagnetic field, 2.01-2.04 Ma ago. Comparing with the normal light-coloured coral reef rock, the magnetic susceptibility (x), residual magnetization intensity (Mr) and the content of MnO and Fe2O3 of the black sedimentary layer appeared obviously positive ab-normity. The magnetic susceptibility (x), residual magnetiza-tion intensity (Mr) and the content of Fe2O3 of the red sedi-mentary layer also appeared positive abnormity. Combining with the analyzing results of paleontology, we hold that this pair of special and typical sedimentary展开更多
The practical application of Li metal anodes(LMAs)is limited by uncontrolled dendrite growth and side reactions.Herein,we propose a new friction-induced strategy to produce high-performance thin Li anode(Li@CFO).By vi...The practical application of Li metal anodes(LMAs)is limited by uncontrolled dendrite growth and side reactions.Herein,we propose a new friction-induced strategy to produce high-performance thin Li anode(Li@CFO).By virtue of the in situ friction reaction between fluoropolymer grease and Li strips during rolling,a robust organic/inorganic hybrid interlayer(lithiophilic LiF/LiC_(6)framework hybridized-CF_(2)-O-CF_(2)-chains)was formed atop Li metal.The derived interface contributes to reversible Li plating/stripping behaviors by mitigating side reactions and decreasing the solvation degree at the interface.The Li@CFO||Li@CFO symmetrical cell exhibits a remarkable lifespan for 5,600 h(1.0 mA cm^(-2)and 1.0 mAh cm^(-2))and 1,350 cycles even at a harsh condition(18.0 mA cm^(-2)and 3.0 mAh cm^(-2)).When paired with high-loading LiFePO4 cathodes,the full cell lasts over 450 cycles at 1C with a high-capacity retention of 99.9%.This work provides a new friction-induced strategy for producing high-performance thin LMAs.展开更多
Organic solar cells(OSCs),benefiting from their significant advantages,such as light weight,flexibility,low cost,and large area manufacturing adaptability,are considered promising clean energy technologies.Currently,t...Organic solar cells(OSCs),benefiting from their significant advantages,such as light weight,flexibility,low cost,and large area manufacturing adaptability,are considered promising clean energy technologies.Currently,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of state-of-the-art OSCs has reached over 18%through materials and device engineering.Specifically,cathode engineering with cathode interlayer materials(CIMs)is an important strategy to improve the PCEs and stability of OSCs.Among various CIMs reported in the literature,perylene diimides(PDIs)aremore appropriate for working as cathode interlayers in OSCs owing to their distinct advantages of suitable energy levels,high electron affinity,high electron mobility,and facile modification.In this review,the mechanism of cathode engineering is concisely summarized,and recent research progress on PDI derivatives working as CIMs in OSCs is systematically reviewed.Finally,prospects and suggestions are provided for the development of PDI-based CIMs for practical applications.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21477046,21277060 and 51361130151)Science Development Project of Shandong Province(2014GGX104004)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2015EM044)
文摘Biomass has been utilized as an energy source for thousands of years typically in the formof wood and charcoal.Technological advances create new methodologies to extract energy and chemicals frombiomass. The biomass-derived nanostructured porous carbons(BDNPCs) are the most promising sulfur hosts and interlayers in rechargeable lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries. In this article, a comprehensive review is provided in the synthesis of nanostructured porous carbon materials for high-performance rechargeable Li-S batteries by using biomass. The performances of the Li-S batteries dependent on the porous structures(micro, meso and hierarchical) from BDNPCs are discussed, which can provide an in-depth understanding and guide rational design of high-performance cathode materials by using low-cost,sustainable and natural bio-precursors. Furthermore, the current existing challenges and the future research directions for enhancing the performance of Li-S batteries by using natural biomass materials are also addressed.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 51672213） and the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province （Nos. 2017ZDCXL-GY-08-01 and 2017JM2025）.
文摘Layered molybdenum disulfide （MoS2） has received much attention as one of the most promising energy-storage and conversion materials for Li/Na ion batteries. Here, a simple and effective approach is proposed for the rational design and preparation of hierarchical three-d imensional （3D） amorphous N-doped carbon nanotube@MoS2 nanosheets （3D-ANCNT@MoS2） via a simple hydrothermal method, followed by an annealing process. With such a unique nanoarchitecture, ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets grown on the external surfaces of polypyrrole-derived ANCNTs are assembled to form a hierarchical 3D nanoarchitecture, where the adopted ANCNTs serve not only as the template and continuous conductive matrix, but can also prevent MoS2 from aggregating and restacking, and help to buffer the volumetric expansion of MoS2 during cycling. More importantly, when evaluated as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries, the 3D-ANCNT@MoS2 composite exhibits excellent cycling stability, superior rate performance, and reversible specific capacity as high as 893.4 mAh·g^-1 at 0.2 A·g^-1 after 200 cycles in a half battery, and 669.4 mAh·g^-1 at 0.2 A·g^-1 after 100 cycles in the 3D-ANCNT@Mo2//LiCoO2 full battery. With respect to sodium-ion batteries, the outstanding reversible capacity, excellent rate behavior, and good cycling performance of 3D-ANCNT@MoS2 composites are also achieved.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22372103)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(2021A1515010241,2024A1515010032)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Foundation,China(JCYJ20220531103216037)。
文摘Although lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)exhibit high theoretical energy density,their practical application is hindered by poor conductivity of the sulfur cathode,the shuttle effect,and the irreversible deposition of Li_(2)S.To address these issues,a novel composite,using electrospinning technology,consisting of Fe_(3)Se_(4)and porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers was designed for the interlayer of LSBs.The porous carbon nanofiber structure facilitates the transport of ions and electrons,while the Fe_(3)Se_(4)material adsorbs lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)and accelerates its catalytic conversion process.Furthermore,the Fe_(3)Se_(4)material interacts with soluble LiPSs to generate a new polysulfide intermediate,Li_(x)FeS_(y)complex,which changes the electrochemical reaction pathway and facilitates the three-dimensional deposition of Li_(2)S,enhancing the reversibility of LSBs.The designed LSB demonstrates a high specific capacity of1529.6 mA h g^(-1)in the first cycle at 0.2 C.The rate performance is also excellent,maintaining an ultra-high specific capacity of 779.7 mA h g^(-1)at a high rate of 8 C.This investigation explores the mechanism of the interaction between the interlayer and LiPSs,and provides a new strategy to regulate the reaction kinetics and Li_(2)S deposition in LSBs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51702241)Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Contract No.2017CFA004)+1 种基金the Special Project of Central Government for Local Science and Technology Development of Hubei Province(No.2019ZYYD076)Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Refractories(No.SKLAR202002)。
文摘Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)have become promising next-generation energy storage technologies for electric vehicles and portable electronics,due to its excellent theoretical specific energy.However,the low conductivity of sulfur species,notorious lithium dendrites,the severe"shuttle effect"of polysulfides(LiPSs)and the inferior kinetic reaction for LiPSs/Li_(2)S conversion during discharge-charge have seriously hindered their practical application,and also pose potential safety hazards.Owing to their superior porous architectures,high specific surface areas,excellent structural designability,functional modifiability,abundant active sites and flexibility of carbon-containing electrospun nanofibers(CENFs),they exhibited the superior characteristics that can simultaneously solve the above issues.In this review,we summarize the recent progress and application of CENFs in LSBs.First,we provide a brief introduction to the structure and composition controlled of carbon nanofibers by electrospinning.We then review progress in recent developments of CENFs for LSBs including cathodes,anodes,separators,and interlayers.We focus on how to solve practical issues that arise when the CENFs are applied to various parts of LSBs,and the relevant working mechanisms are described,from high sulfur loading and Li dendrites suppression to LiPSs’confinement and conversion.Finally,we summarize and propose the existing challenges and future prospects of CENFs,for the design and architecture of electrochemical components in Li-S energy storage systems.
基金supported by the National R&D Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (2018M3D1A1058793 and 2021R1A3B1068920)supported by the Creative Materials Discovery Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (2018M3D1A1058744)the Yonsei Signature Research Cluster Program of 2021 (2021-22-0002)。
文摘To overcome the serious technological issues affecting lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries,such as sluggish sulfur redox kinetics and the detrimental shuttle effect,heterostructure engineering has been investigated as a strategy to effectively capture soluble lithium polysulfide intermediates and promote their conversion reaction by integrating highly polar metal oxides with catalytically active metals sulfides.However,to fully exploit the outstanding properties of heterostructure-based composites,their detailed structure and interfacial contacts should be designed rationally.Herein,optimally arranged TiO_(2)and MoS_(2)-based heterostructures(TiO_(2)@MoS_(2)) are fabricated on carbon cloth as a multifunctional interlayer to efficiently trap polysulfide intermediates and accelerate their redox kinetics.Owing to the synergistic effects between TiO_(2)and MoS_(2)and the uniform heterointerface distribution that induces the ideally oriented built-in electric field,Li-S batteries with TiO_(2)@MoS_(2)interlayers exhibit high rate capability(601 mA h g^(-1)at 5 C),good cycling stability(capacity-fade rate of 0.067% per cycle over 500 cycles at2 C),and satisfactory areal capacity(5.2 mA h cm^(-2)) under an increased sulfur loading of 5.2 mg cm^(-2).Moreover,by comparing with a MoS_(2)@TiO_(2)interlayer composed of reversely arranged heterostructures,the effect of the built-in electric field’s direction on the electrocatalytic reactions of polysulfide intermediates is thoroughly investigated for the first time.The superior electrocatalytic activities of the rationally arranged TiO_(2)@MoS_(2)interlayer demonstrate the importance of optimizing the built-in electric field of heterostructures for producing high-performance Li-S batteries.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49806002) the Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZ951-B1-406-04) the Test Foundation of Guangzhou Branch of the Chinese Academy of Science
文摘The results of paleogeomagnetics and geo-chemistry of the coral reef in well Nanyong 2 of Nansha Is-lands showed that the bottom of the black sedimentary in-terlayer corresponds to the conversion boundary line be-tween Brunhes Postive Polarity and Matuyama Reversed Polarity (B/M) and the cold/warm (19/20) climatic conver-sion bounds on ()18O curve, 0.78 Ma ago; and the red sedi-mentary interlayer corresponds to the Reunion I polarity excursion (reversion) of the geomagnetic field, 2.01-2.04 Ma ago. Comparing with the normal light-coloured coral reef rock, the magnetic susceptibility (x), residual magnetization intensity (Mr) and the content of MnO and Fe2O3 of the black sedimentary layer appeared obviously positive ab-normity. The magnetic susceptibility (x), residual magnetiza-tion intensity (Mr) and the content of Fe2O3 of the red sedi-mentary layer also appeared positive abnormity. Combining with the analyzing results of paleontology, we hold that this pair of special and typical sedimentary
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1904216 and U22A20141)the Natural Science Foundation of Changsha City(kq2208258).
文摘The practical application of Li metal anodes(LMAs)is limited by uncontrolled dendrite growth and side reactions.Herein,we propose a new friction-induced strategy to produce high-performance thin Li anode(Li@CFO).By virtue of the in situ friction reaction between fluoropolymer grease and Li strips during rolling,a robust organic/inorganic hybrid interlayer(lithiophilic LiF/LiC_(6)framework hybridized-CF_(2)-O-CF_(2)-chains)was formed atop Li metal.The derived interface contributes to reversible Li plating/stripping behaviors by mitigating side reactions and decreasing the solvation degree at the interface.The Li@CFO||Li@CFO symmetrical cell exhibits a remarkable lifespan for 5,600 h(1.0 mA cm^(-2)and 1.0 mAh cm^(-2))and 1,350 cycles even at a harsh condition(18.0 mA cm^(-2)and 3.0 mAh cm^(-2)).When paired with high-loading LiFePO4 cathodes,the full cell lasts over 450 cycles at 1C with a high-capacity retention of 99.9%.This work provides a new friction-induced strategy for producing high-performance thin LMAs.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:51820105003,22175014,21734008Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Numbers:buctrc201822,XK1802-2。
文摘Organic solar cells(OSCs),benefiting from their significant advantages,such as light weight,flexibility,low cost,and large area manufacturing adaptability,are considered promising clean energy technologies.Currently,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of state-of-the-art OSCs has reached over 18%through materials and device engineering.Specifically,cathode engineering with cathode interlayer materials(CIMs)is an important strategy to improve the PCEs and stability of OSCs.Among various CIMs reported in the literature,perylene diimides(PDIs)aremore appropriate for working as cathode interlayers in OSCs owing to their distinct advantages of suitable energy levels,high electron affinity,high electron mobility,and facile modification.In this review,the mechanism of cathode engineering is concisely summarized,and recent research progress on PDI derivatives working as CIMs in OSCs is systematically reviewed.Finally,prospects and suggestions are provided for the development of PDI-based CIMs for practical applications.
