Acute humoral rejection （AHR） is uncommon after ABO- compatible liver transplantation. Herein, we report two cases of AHR treated with plasmapheresis and rituximab in two ABO-compatible liver-transplant patients wit...Acute humoral rejection （AHR） is uncommon after ABO- compatible liver transplantation. Herein, we report two cases of AHR treated with plasmapheresis and rituximab in two ABO-compatible liver-transplant patients with preformed anti-human leukocyte antigen donor-specific antibodies. Patient 1 experienced a biopsy-proven AHR at day 10 post-transplant. She was treated by steroid pulses, and OKT3. Because of persisting signs of biopsy-proven AHR at day 26, she was treated by plasmapheresis and rituximab. Uver enzyme levels did not improve, and she died on day 41. Patient 2 experienced a biopsy-proven AHR on day 10 post-transplant. She was treated by steroid pulses, plasmapheresis, and rituximab. Liver enzymes returned to within normal range 18 d after diagnosis. Uver biopsies, at 3 and 9 mo post-transplant, showed complete resolution of AHR. We conclude that plasmapheresis should be started as soon as AHR is diagnosed, and be associated with a B-cell depleting agent. Rituximab may be considered as a first-line therapy.展开更多
目的研究活体肾移植术后体液性排斥反应与抗HLA抗体及其特异性的关系。方法87例活体肾移植患者,分别于肾移植术前1天及术后6个月行流式细胞法群体反应抗体检测(Flow PRA screening test)。同时应用独立抗原免疫磁珠分析法(LAB Single an...目的研究活体肾移植术后体液性排斥反应与抗HLA抗体及其特异性的关系。方法87例活体肾移植患者,分别于肾移植术前1天及术后6个月行流式细胞法群体反应抗体检测(Flow PRA screening test)。同时应用独立抗原免疫磁珠分析法(LAB Single antigen analysis)检测抗HLA抗体的特异性。全部患者于术中、术后两周、术后6个月和1年4个时间段进行移植肾穿刺病理检查。结合患者一般情况、病理诊断及抗HLA抗体检测结果,在体液性排斥反应发生率、预后、相关抗体种类及特异性等方面进行回顾性分析。结果87例患者中,群体反应抗体(PRA)术前1天检测结果均为阴性。术后6个月时28例(32.2%,28/87)为阳性。其中,15例(53.6%,15/28)为非供体特异性抗HLA抗体;13例(46.4%,13/28)存在供体特异性抗体。病理结果提示,供体特异性抗体患者中11例(84.6%,11/13)在术后6个月内出现了严重的抗体介导的体液性排斥反应;术后1年时仍然有5例持续存在体液性排斥,移植肾3年内完全丧失功能,恢复到规律透析状态。非供体特异性抗体患者术后无体液性排斥反应发生。术后抗HLA抗体阴性组与阳性组3年移植肾存活率分别为96.6%和75.0%。结论活体肾移植患者抗HLA抗体的出现与术后急性体液性排斥反应的发生明显相关,特别是术后出现供体特异性抗HLA抗体的患者急性体液性排斥反应的发生率更高,预后更差。肾移植术后严密监测抗HLA抗体的出现对于及时调整免疫抑制方案改善移植肾长期存活具有重要意义。展开更多
Transplantation in children is the best option to treat renal failure. Over the last 25 years the improvements in therapy have dramatically reduced the risk of early acute rejection and graft loss, however the long te...Transplantation in children is the best option to treat renal failure. Over the last 25 years the improvements in therapy have dramatically reduced the risk of early acute rejection and graft loss, however the long term results in terms of graft survival and morbidity still require search for new immunosuppressive regimens. Tolerance of the graft and minimization of side effects are the challenges for improving the outcome of children with a grafted kidney. Notwithstanding the difficulties in settling in children large multicenter trials to derive statistically useful data, many important contributions in the last years brought important modifications in the immunosuppressive therapy, including minimization protocols of steroids and calcineurin inhibitors and new induction drugs. New methods for diagnosis of anti HLA antibodies and some new protocols to improve both chance and outcome of transplantation in immunized subjects represent area of ongoing research of extreme interest for children.展开更多
文摘Acute humoral rejection （AHR） is uncommon after ABO- compatible liver transplantation. Herein, we report two cases of AHR treated with plasmapheresis and rituximab in two ABO-compatible liver-transplant patients with preformed anti-human leukocyte antigen donor-specific antibodies. Patient 1 experienced a biopsy-proven AHR at day 10 post-transplant. She was treated by steroid pulses, and OKT3. Because of persisting signs of biopsy-proven AHR at day 26, she was treated by plasmapheresis and rituximab. Uver enzyme levels did not improve, and she died on day 41. Patient 2 experienced a biopsy-proven AHR on day 10 post-transplant. She was treated by steroid pulses, plasmapheresis, and rituximab. Liver enzymes returned to within normal range 18 d after diagnosis. Uver biopsies, at 3 and 9 mo post-transplant, showed complete resolution of AHR. We conclude that plasmapheresis should be started as soon as AHR is diagnosed, and be associated with a B-cell depleting agent. Rituximab may be considered as a first-line therapy.
文摘目的研究活体肾移植术后体液性排斥反应与抗HLA抗体及其特异性的关系。方法87例活体肾移植患者,分别于肾移植术前1天及术后6个月行流式细胞法群体反应抗体检测(Flow PRA screening test)。同时应用独立抗原免疫磁珠分析法(LAB Single antigen analysis)检测抗HLA抗体的特异性。全部患者于术中、术后两周、术后6个月和1年4个时间段进行移植肾穿刺病理检查。结合患者一般情况、病理诊断及抗HLA抗体检测结果,在体液性排斥反应发生率、预后、相关抗体种类及特异性等方面进行回顾性分析。结果87例患者中,群体反应抗体(PRA)术前1天检测结果均为阴性。术后6个月时28例(32.2%,28/87)为阳性。其中,15例(53.6%,15/28)为非供体特异性抗HLA抗体;13例(46.4%,13/28)存在供体特异性抗体。病理结果提示,供体特异性抗体患者中11例(84.6%,11/13)在术后6个月内出现了严重的抗体介导的体液性排斥反应;术后1年时仍然有5例持续存在体液性排斥,移植肾3年内完全丧失功能,恢复到规律透析状态。非供体特异性抗体患者术后无体液性排斥反应发生。术后抗HLA抗体阴性组与阳性组3年移植肾存活率分别为96.6%和75.0%。结论活体肾移植患者抗HLA抗体的出现与术后急性体液性排斥反应的发生明显相关,特别是术后出现供体特异性抗HLA抗体的患者急性体液性排斥反应的发生率更高,预后更差。肾移植术后严密监测抗HLA抗体的出现对于及时调整免疫抑制方案改善移植肾长期存活具有重要意义。
文摘Transplantation in children is the best option to treat renal failure. Over the last 25 years the improvements in therapy have dramatically reduced the risk of early acute rejection and graft loss, however the long term results in terms of graft survival and morbidity still require search for new immunosuppressive regimens. Tolerance of the graft and minimization of side effects are the challenges for improving the outcome of children with a grafted kidney. Notwithstanding the difficulties in settling in children large multicenter trials to derive statistically useful data, many important contributions in the last years brought important modifications in the immunosuppressive therapy, including minimization protocols of steroids and calcineurin inhibitors and new induction drugs. New methods for diagnosis of anti HLA antibodies and some new protocols to improve both chance and outcome of transplantation in immunized subjects represent area of ongoing research of extreme interest for children.
