Liver fibrosis is a wound-healing response to chronic injuries, characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix or scar tissue within the liver;in addition, its formation is associated with multipl...Liver fibrosis is a wound-healing response to chronic injuries, characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix or scar tissue within the liver;in addition, its formation is associated with multiple cytokines as well as several cell types and a variety of signaling pathways. When liver fibrosis is not well controlled, it can progress to liver cirrhosis, but it is reversible in principle. Thus far, no efficient therapy is available for treatment of liver fibrosis. Although liver transplantation is the preferred strategy, there are many challenges remaining in this approach, such as shortage of donor organs, immunological rejection, and surgical complications. Hence, there is a great need for an alternative therapeutic strategy. Currently, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis;advantageously, the characteristics of MSCs are continuous self-renewal, proliferation, multipotent differentiation, and immunomodulatory activities. The human umbilical cord-derived (hUC)-MSCs possess not only the common attributes of MSCs but also more stable biological characteristics, relatively easy accessibility, abundant source, and no ethical issues (e.g., bone marrow being the adult source), making hUC-MSCs a good choice for treatment of liver fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics of hUC-MSCs and their paracrine effects, exerted by secretion of various cytokines, which ultimately promote liver repair through several signaling pathways. Additionally, we discuss the capacity of hUC-MSCs to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells for compensating the function of existing hepatocytes, which may aid in amelioration of liver fibrosis. Finally, we discuss the current status of the research field and its future prospects.展开更多
Objective:To test the curative effect of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells on rat acute radioactive enteritis and thus in provide clinical therapeutic basis for radiation sickness.Methods:Human umbil...Objective:To test the curative effect of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells on rat acute radioactive enteritis and thus in provide clinical therapeutic basis for radiation sickness.Methods:Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultivated in vitro and the model of acute radioactive enteritis of rats was established.Then,the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were injected into the rats via tail vein.Visual and histopathiological changes of the experimental rats were observed.Results:After the injection,the rats in the prevention group and treatment group had remarkably better survival status than those in the control group.The histological observations revealed that the former also had better intestinal mucosa structure,more regenerative cells and stronger proliferation activity than the latter.Conclusions:Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells have a definite therapeutic effect on acute radioactive enteritis in rats.展开更多
Objective This literature review aims to summarize the methods of isolation, expansion, preservation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells （hUCMSCs）, for comprehensive practical use in preclinical research ...Objective This literature review aims to summarize the methods of isolation, expansion, preservation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells （hUCMSCs）, for comprehensive practical use in preclinical research and clinical trials. differentiation and understanding and Data sources All the literature reviewed was published over the last 10 years and is listed in PubMed and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）. Studies were retrieved using the key word ＂human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells＂. Results Explants culture and enzymatic digestion are two methods to isolate hUCMSCs from WJ and there are modifications to improve these methods. Culture conditions may affect the expansion and differentiating orientations of hUCMSCs. In addition, hUCMSCs can maintain their multi-potential effects after being properly frozen and thawed. Conclusion Considering their multi-potential, convenient and non-invasive accessibility, low immunogenicity and the reported therapeutic effects in several different preclinical animal models, hUCMSCs have immense scope in regeneration medicine as a substitute for MSCs derived from bone marrow or umbilical cord blood.展开更多
BACKGROUND： The majority of studies addressing spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury （SCIRI） have focused on drugs, proteins, cytokines, and various surgical techniques. A recent study reports that human umbilica...BACKGROUND： The majority of studies addressing spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury （SCIRI） have focused on drugs, proteins, cytokines, and various surgical techniques. A recent study reports that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell （hUCMSC） transplantation achieves good therapeutic effects, but the mechanisms underlying nerve protection remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE： To observe survival of transplanted hUCMSCs in SCIRI rat models and the influence on motor function in the hind limbs, to determine interleukin-8 expression and cellular apoptosis in spinal cord tissues, and to verify the hypothesis that hUCMSC transplantation exhibits protective effects on SCIRI. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory of the Department of Orthopedics in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China between January 2007 and December 2008. MATERIALS： hUCMSCs were harvested from umbilical cord blood of healthy pregnant women after parturition in the Obstetrical Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China. Rabbit anti-human BrdU monoclonal antibody was provided by DAKO, USA. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） Kit and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） Kit were purchased by Wuhan Boster, China. METHODS： A total of 72 healthy, Wistar, adult rats were randomly assigned to three groups： sham-surgery, model, and transplantation, with 24 rats in each group. SCIRI was induced in the model and transplantation groups via the abdominal aorta block method. The infrarenal abdominal aorta was not blocked in the sham-surgery group. Prior to abdominal aorta occlusion, 0.2 03 mL bromodeoxyuridine （BrdU）-Iabeled hUCMSCs suspension （cell concentration 5 × 10 3/uL） was injected through the great saphenous vein of the hind limb, and an equal volume of physiological saline was administered to the model and sham-surgery groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Pathologi展开更多
AIM: To determine the optimal concentration for inducing the differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(h UC-MSCs) into neuron-like cells, although it is understood that all-trans retinoic ...AIM: To determine the optimal concentration for inducing the differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(h UC-MSCs) into neuron-like cells, although it is understood that all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA) regulates cell proliferation in the nervous system by modulating the balance between mitosis and apoptosis.METHODS: The abilities of ATRA to promote apoptosis as well as neural differentiation were assessed in cultured h UC-MSCs by morphological observation, MTT assay, annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry.RESULTS: The data showed that low concentrations of ATRA(0.5 μmol, 0.25 μmol) had no effect on the number of cells. However, treatment with 1.0 μmol or 2.0 μmol ATRA induced a 24.16% and 52.67% reduction in cell number, respectively, compared with vehicle-treated cultures. Further, 4.0 μmol ATRA had a potent effect on cell number, with almost no adherent cells recovered after 24 h. We further showed that 0.5 μmol ATRA caused these cells to express characteristic markers of neuronal progenitor cells.CONCLUSION: Taken together, we conclude that ATRA has a dose-dependent influence on the neural differentiation and apoptosis of h UC-MSCs. These findings have implications on the use of ATRA-differentiated h UC-MSCs for the study of neural degeneration diseases.展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province of China,No.20190201010JC
文摘Liver fibrosis is a wound-healing response to chronic injuries, characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix or scar tissue within the liver;in addition, its formation is associated with multiple cytokines as well as several cell types and a variety of signaling pathways. When liver fibrosis is not well controlled, it can progress to liver cirrhosis, but it is reversible in principle. Thus far, no efficient therapy is available for treatment of liver fibrosis. Although liver transplantation is the preferred strategy, there are many challenges remaining in this approach, such as shortage of donor organs, immunological rejection, and surgical complications. Hence, there is a great need for an alternative therapeutic strategy. Currently, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis;advantageously, the characteristics of MSCs are continuous self-renewal, proliferation, multipotent differentiation, and immunomodulatory activities. The human umbilical cord-derived (hUC)-MSCs possess not only the common attributes of MSCs but also more stable biological characteristics, relatively easy accessibility, abundant source, and no ethical issues (e.g., bone marrow being the adult source), making hUC-MSCs a good choice for treatment of liver fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics of hUC-MSCs and their paracrine effects, exerted by secretion of various cytokines, which ultimately promote liver repair through several signaling pathways. Additionally, we discuss the capacity of hUC-MSCs to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells for compensating the function of existing hepatocytes, which may aid in amelioration of liver fibrosis. Finally, we discuss the current status of the research field and its future prospects.
基金supported by Wu Zuze Science and Technology Development Foundation of Beijing
文摘Objective:To test the curative effect of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells on rat acute radioactive enteritis and thus in provide clinical therapeutic basis for radiation sickness.Methods:Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultivated in vitro and the model of acute radioactive enteritis of rats was established.Then,the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were injected into the rats via tail vein.Visual and histopathiological changes of the experimental rats were observed.Results:After the injection,the rats in the prevention group and treatment group had remarkably better survival status than those in the control group.The histological observations revealed that the former also had better intestinal mucosa structure,more regenerative cells and stronger proliferation activity than the latter.Conclusions:Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells have a definite therapeutic effect on acute radioactive enteritis in rats.
文摘Objective This literature review aims to summarize the methods of isolation, expansion, preservation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells （hUCMSCs）, for comprehensive practical use in preclinical research and clinical trials. differentiation and understanding and Data sources All the literature reviewed was published over the last 10 years and is listed in PubMed and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）. Studies were retrieved using the key word ＂human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells＂. Results Explants culture and enzymatic digestion are two methods to isolate hUCMSCs from WJ and there are modifications to improve these methods. Culture conditions may affect the expansion and differentiating orientations of hUCMSCs. In addition, hUCMSCs can maintain their multi-potential effects after being properly frozen and thawed. Conclusion Considering their multi-potential, convenient and non-invasive accessibility, low immunogenicity and the reported therapeutic effects in several different preclinical animal models, hUCMSCs have immense scope in regeneration medicine as a substitute for MSCs derived from bone marrow or umbilical cord blood.
文摘BACKGROUND： The majority of studies addressing spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury （SCIRI） have focused on drugs, proteins, cytokines, and various surgical techniques. A recent study reports that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell （hUCMSC） transplantation achieves good therapeutic effects, but the mechanisms underlying nerve protection remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE： To observe survival of transplanted hUCMSCs in SCIRI rat models and the influence on motor function in the hind limbs, to determine interleukin-8 expression and cellular apoptosis in spinal cord tissues, and to verify the hypothesis that hUCMSC transplantation exhibits protective effects on SCIRI. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory of the Department of Orthopedics in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China between January 2007 and December 2008. MATERIALS： hUCMSCs were harvested from umbilical cord blood of healthy pregnant women after parturition in the Obstetrical Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China. Rabbit anti-human BrdU monoclonal antibody was provided by DAKO, USA. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） Kit and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） Kit were purchased by Wuhan Boster, China. METHODS： A total of 72 healthy, Wistar, adult rats were randomly assigned to three groups： sham-surgery, model, and transplantation, with 24 rats in each group. SCIRI was induced in the model and transplantation groups via the abdominal aorta block method. The infrarenal abdominal aorta was not blocked in the sham-surgery group. Prior to abdominal aorta occlusion, 0.2 03 mL bromodeoxyuridine （BrdU）-Iabeled hUCMSCs suspension （cell concentration 5 × 10 3/uL） was injected through the great saphenous vein of the hind limb, and an equal volume of physiological saline was administered to the model and sham-surgery groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Pathologi
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(No.2012FFB04401)PhD Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(No.20130141120052)
文摘AIM: To determine the optimal concentration for inducing the differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(h UC-MSCs) into neuron-like cells, although it is understood that all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA) regulates cell proliferation in the nervous system by modulating the balance between mitosis and apoptosis.METHODS: The abilities of ATRA to promote apoptosis as well as neural differentiation were assessed in cultured h UC-MSCs by morphological observation, MTT assay, annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry.RESULTS: The data showed that low concentrations of ATRA(0.5 μmol, 0.25 μmol) had no effect on the number of cells. However, treatment with 1.0 μmol or 2.0 μmol ATRA induced a 24.16% and 52.67% reduction in cell number, respectively, compared with vehicle-treated cultures. Further, 4.0 μmol ATRA had a potent effect on cell number, with almost no adherent cells recovered after 24 h. We further showed that 0.5 μmol ATRA caused these cells to express characteristic markers of neuronal progenitor cells.CONCLUSION: Taken together, we conclude that ATRA has a dose-dependent influence on the neural differentiation and apoptosis of h UC-MSCs. These findings have implications on the use of ATRA-differentiated h UC-MSCs for the study of neural degeneration diseases.
