Caveolae are a kind of specific cystic structures of lipid rafts in the cytoplasmic membrane and are rich in cholesterol and sphingolipids. In recent years, many researchers have found that both caveolins and caveolae...Caveolae are a kind of specific cystic structures of lipid rafts in the cytoplasmic membrane and are rich in cholesterol and sphingolipids. In recent years, many researchers have found that both caveolins and caveolae play a role in the development of various human diseases, including coronary heart disease, hypertension, and nervous system disorders. The specific mechanisms by which caveolins induce diseases have been a topic of interest. However, a number of detailed molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This article focuses on the relationship between caveolin proteins and human diseases and reviews the molecular mechanisms of caveolins in disease networks.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of Xinfeng capsule(XFC) on cardiac function in rats with adjuvant arthritis(AA) and explore the mechanism of these effects.METHODS: Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into normal ...OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of Xinfeng capsule(XFC) on cardiac function in rats with adjuvant arthritis(AA) and explore the mechanism of these effects.METHODS: Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into normal control(NC), model control(MC), methotrexate(MTX) and XFC groups of equal size. In all groups except for the NC group, 0.1 m L Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA) was intracutaneously injected in the right rear vola pedis to induce inflammation. Drugs were applied beginning 19 days after induction of inflammation. Normal saline was administered to the NC and MC groups and 1 mg/100 g MTX(weekly) and 0.12 g/100 g XFC(daily) to the MTX and XFC groups, respectively. Rats were sacrificed after 30 day of treatment. Toe swelling degree(TSD), arthritis index(AI), cardiac function and expression of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) / tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) and transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1)/Smads pathway proteins were measured.RESULTS: In the MC group, TSD and AI were greatly increased, while parameters of cardiac function were decreased and morphological analysis showed myocardial cell damage. Expression of TNF-α, NF-κB, Smad2, P-Smad2, Smad4 and TGF-β1 proteins were elevated in cardiac tissue, while Smad7 expression was decreased.TSD and AI values closely correlated to parameters of cardiac function and to levels of proteins in the NF-κB/TNF-α and TGF-β1/Smads pathways. Certain correlations were identified among TGF-β1 and NF-κB, Smad2, P-Smad2 and Smad4.With XFC intervention, both TSD and AI were decreased and parameters of cardiac function and ultrastructure of myocardial cells improved.Expressions of NF-κB, Smad2, and Smad4 proteins were greatly decreased and Smad7 expression was elevated, as compared with levels in the MC and MTX groups.CONCLUSION: XFC regulates expression of proteins in the NF-κB/TNF-α and TGF-β1/Smads pathways, decreases immune complex deposition in cardiac tissue and improves cardiac function in AA rats via upregulation of Smad7.展开更多
There was estimated a higher incidence of de novo inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) after solid organ transplantation than in the general population. The onset of IBD in the organ transplant recipient population is an ...There was estimated a higher incidence of de novo inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) after solid organ transplantation than in the general population. The onset of IBD in the organ transplant recipient population is an important clinical situation which is associated to higher morbidity and difficulty in the medical therapeutic management because of possible interaction between anti-reject therapy and IBD therapy. IBD course after liver transplantation (LT) is variable, but about one third of patients may worsen, needing an increase in medical therapy or a colectomy. Active IBD at the time of LT, discontinuation of 5-aminosalicylic acid or azathioprine at the time of LT and use of tacrolimus-based immunosuppression may be associated with an unfavorable outcome of IBD after LT. Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) therapy for refractory IBD may be an effective and safe therapeutic option after LT. The little experience of the use of biological therapy in transplanted patients, with concomitant anti-rejection therapy, suggests there be a higher more careful surveillance regarding the risk of infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, and neoplasms. An increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) is present also after LT in IBD patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). An annual program of endoscopic surveillance with serial biopsies for CRC is recommended. A prophylactic colectomy in selected IBD/PSC patients with CRC risk factors could be a good management strategy in the CRC prevention, but it is used infrequently in the majority of LT centers. About 30% of patients develop multiple IBD recurrence and 20% of patients require a colectomy after renal transplantation. Like in the liver transplantation, anti-TNFα therapy could be an effective treatment in IBD patients with conventional refractory therapy after renal or heart transplantation. A large number of patients are needed to confirm the preliminary observations. Regarding the higher clinical complexity of this subgroup of IBD patients, a展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 81470490 and 81670238）.
文摘Caveolae are a kind of specific cystic structures of lipid rafts in the cytoplasmic membrane and are rich in cholesterol and sphingolipids. In recent years, many researchers have found that both caveolins and caveolae play a role in the development of various human diseases, including coronary heart disease, hypertension, and nervous system disorders. The specific mechanisms by which caveolins induce diseases have been a topic of interest. However, a number of detailed molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This article focuses on the relationship between caveolin proteins and human diseases and reviews the molecular mechanisms of caveolins in disease networks.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(Mechanism Research of Xinfeng Capsule through the NF-kappa B/TNF Alpha and Beta 1/Smads TGF-Pathways,No.81173211)National Sci-tech Support Plan(Clinical Research on Intractable Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine Treated by Xi'an Medicine,No.2012BA126B02)+1 种基金Construction Program of Study of Bi Syndrome in Traditional Chinese Medicine of State Key Subject[State Traditional Chinese Medicine Issue(2009)No.30]Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(Mechanism Research of Xinfeng capsules Improve Cardiopulmonary Based on the NF-kappa B/TNF Alpha and TGF-beta 1/Smads Pathways in AA Rats,No.1208085MH180)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of Xinfeng capsule(XFC) on cardiac function in rats with adjuvant arthritis(AA) and explore the mechanism of these effects.METHODS: Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into normal control(NC), model control(MC), methotrexate(MTX) and XFC groups of equal size. In all groups except for the NC group, 0.1 m L Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA) was intracutaneously injected in the right rear vola pedis to induce inflammation. Drugs were applied beginning 19 days after induction of inflammation. Normal saline was administered to the NC and MC groups and 1 mg/100 g MTX(weekly) and 0.12 g/100 g XFC(daily) to the MTX and XFC groups, respectively. Rats were sacrificed after 30 day of treatment. Toe swelling degree(TSD), arthritis index(AI), cardiac function and expression of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) / tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) and transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1)/Smads pathway proteins were measured.RESULTS: In the MC group, TSD and AI were greatly increased, while parameters of cardiac function were decreased and morphological analysis showed myocardial cell damage. Expression of TNF-α, NF-κB, Smad2, P-Smad2, Smad4 and TGF-β1 proteins were elevated in cardiac tissue, while Smad7 expression was decreased.TSD and AI values closely correlated to parameters of cardiac function and to levels of proteins in the NF-κB/TNF-α and TGF-β1/Smads pathways. Certain correlations were identified among TGF-β1 and NF-κB, Smad2, P-Smad2 and Smad4.With XFC intervention, both TSD and AI were decreased and parameters of cardiac function and ultrastructure of myocardial cells improved.Expressions of NF-κB, Smad2, and Smad4 proteins were greatly decreased and Smad7 expression was elevated, as compared with levels in the MC and MTX groups.CONCLUSION: XFC regulates expression of proteins in the NF-κB/TNF-α and TGF-β1/Smads pathways, decreases immune complex deposition in cardiac tissue and improves cardiac function in AA rats via upregulation of Smad7.
文摘There was estimated a higher incidence of de novo inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) after solid organ transplantation than in the general population. The onset of IBD in the organ transplant recipient population is an important clinical situation which is associated to higher morbidity and difficulty in the medical therapeutic management because of possible interaction between anti-reject therapy and IBD therapy. IBD course after liver transplantation (LT) is variable, but about one third of patients may worsen, needing an increase in medical therapy or a colectomy. Active IBD at the time of LT, discontinuation of 5-aminosalicylic acid or azathioprine at the time of LT and use of tacrolimus-based immunosuppression may be associated with an unfavorable outcome of IBD after LT. Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) therapy for refractory IBD may be an effective and safe therapeutic option after LT. The little experience of the use of biological therapy in transplanted patients, with concomitant anti-rejection therapy, suggests there be a higher more careful surveillance regarding the risk of infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, and neoplasms. An increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) is present also after LT in IBD patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). An annual program of endoscopic surveillance with serial biopsies for CRC is recommended. A prophylactic colectomy in selected IBD/PSC patients with CRC risk factors could be a good management strategy in the CRC prevention, but it is used infrequently in the majority of LT centers. About 30% of patients develop multiple IBD recurrence and 20% of patients require a colectomy after renal transplantation. Like in the liver transplantation, anti-TNFα therapy could be an effective treatment in IBD patients with conventional refractory therapy after renal or heart transplantation. A large number of patients are needed to confirm the preliminary observations. Regarding the higher clinical complexity of this subgroup of IBD patients, a
