目的：评估老年性聋患者噪声下言语识别能力，探讨年龄、听力损失程度、认知功能对噪声下言语识别能力的影响。方法以90例60岁以上老年性聋者为受试者，按年龄分为三组，60～69岁（44例88耳）、70～79岁（32例64耳）、＞79岁（14例28耳...目的：评估老年性聋患者噪声下言语识别能力，探讨年龄、听力损失程度、认知功能对噪声下言语识别能力的影响。方法以90例60岁以上老年性聋者为受试者，按年龄分为三组，60～69岁（44例88耳）、70～79岁（32例64耳）、＞79岁（14例28耳），完成纯音听阈测试、普通话噪声下言语测试（Mandarin hearing in noise test ， MHINT）及简易智能精神状态量表（mini－mental state examination ，MMSE）评估，分别获得0．5、1、2、4 kHz平均听阈、MHINT自适应信噪比及MMSE量表总得分；分析年龄、平均听阈、自适应信噪比及MMSE量表得分之间的相关性。结果①平均听阈、M HINT信噪比随年龄增长而提高，不同年龄组间的平均听阈、M HINT 信噪比差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）；②不同程度听力损失组间的M HINT信噪比差异显著（P＜0．01），控制认知得分的情况下其差异仍然有统计学意义（P＜0．01），且平均听阈与 MHINT 信噪比具有显著的直线相关性（r＝0．326，P＜0．01），随着受试者平均听阈提高，MMSE得分下降，二者有直线相关性（r＝－0．187，P＜0．05）；③MHINT信噪比与MMSE量表得分具有相关性（r＝－0．201，P＜0．01），认知功能减退组（＜27分）的MHINT信噪比平均值较认知功能正常组（27～30分）显著增加（P＜0．01）；不同听力损失程度组中，认知功能正常组与减退组之间M HINT信噪比差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论噪声下言语测试可用于老年人听觉功能评估，老年性聋者的年龄、听力损失程度、认知功能与噪声下言语识别能力之间相互影响，评估老年人听觉功能时应考虑认知功能的影响。展开更多
关于护听器声衰减能力的评价,目前有好几种方法都有大量文献充分地论证。本文介绍了3种标准化的评价方法:真耳听阈衰减法(Real-ear attenuation at threshold,REAT),真耳内置麦克风(Microphone in real ear,MIRE),和声学仿真测量装置(Ac...关于护听器声衰减能力的评价,目前有好几种方法都有大量文献充分地论证。本文介绍了3种标准化的评价方法:真耳听阈衰减法(Real-ear attenuation at threshold,REAT),真耳内置麦克风(Microphone in real ear,MIRE),和声学仿真测量装置(Acoustical test fixture,ATF)方法。讨论了评价护听器声衰减能力,这3种方法各自的优缺点和适用范围。REAT方法是评价护听器声衰减值最准确的方法之一,目前被国际标准普遍采用。展开更多
Objective:To explore the clinical evaluation role of the Digits-in-Noise(DIN)test and Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults Screening(HHIA-S)for patients with occupational noise-induced hearing loss and to observe and...Objective:To explore the clinical evaluation role of the Digits-in-Noise(DIN)test and Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults Screening(HHIA-S)for patients with occupational noise-induced hearing loss and to observe and analyze their application values.Methods:Fifty patients with suspected occupational noise-induced hearing loss were randomly selected from the Department of Otolaryngology at the hospital as the research target.The collection period for the research cases spanned from January 2022 to November 2023,and all patients had a history of noise exposure.The DIN test and HHIA-S were used for hearing examinations,with clinical,comprehensive diagnosis serving as the gold standard to study their diagnostic performance.Results:The compliance rate of the DIN test was 88.00%,the HHIA-S’s compliance rate was 80.00%,and the combined compliance rate was 94.00%.The compliance rate of the DIN test and the combined compliance rates of the patients were statistically significant compared to the clinical gold standard data(P<0.05),while there was no difference between the compliance rate of the HHIA-S and the gold standard(P>0.05).The data shows that the sensitivity of the combined diagnosis is significantly higher than the sensitivity data of the DIN test and HHIA-S examination alone(P<0.05).Its specificity is 100.00%,and the accuracy data of the joint diagnosis in the degree were higher than those of the DIN test alone(P>0.05)and the HHIA-S alone(P<0.05).Conclusion:For patients with occupational noise-induced hearing loss,the joint evaluation of the DIN test and HHIA-S can significantly improve their diagnostic value with high sensitivity and accuracy.展开更多
The few studies evaluating the changes caused by cigarette smoking on hearing loss induced by occupational exposure to noise have reached discordant conclusions. The aim of this study is to investigate the interaction...The few studies evaluating the changes caused by cigarette smoking on hearing loss induced by occupational exposure to noise have reached discordant conclusions. The aim of this study is to investigate the interactions between cigarette smoking and occupational exposure to noise as risk factors in the onset and development of hearing loss. The study was performed on a sample of 557 shipyard workers exposed to noise at an Equivalent Level (Leq) of 93 dBA. On the basis of their smoking habits, they were divided into three groups: group (A), non-smokers;group (B), smokers (15-30 cigarettes per day);and group (C), heavy smokers (over 30 cigarettes per day). The study focussed on the audiometric responses of the subjects at the frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 Hz. The results were then compared using statistical techniquees (Internal correlation coefficient, exponential model, ANCOVA, NPC test). Comparison of the audiometric responses showed statistically significant differences between the three groups. Non-parametric analysis, performed using the NPC test, highlighted that the interaction between smoking and exposure to noise has an influence on hearing loss at all frequencies, and particularly at high frequencies (3000-4000 Hz). The data obtained from the examined sample show that smoking and exposure to noise cause an increase in occupational hearing loss and that this is directly related to the number of cigarettes smoked.展开更多
目的研究启动效应对不同语种噪声下的英语言语识别能力的影响。方法对21例(男11例,女10例)听力正常的汉-英双语青年(以汉语为母语,英语为第二语言)进行4种条件下(英语噪声无启动,汉语噪声无启动,英语噪声有启动和汉语噪声有启动)的英语...目的研究启动效应对不同语种噪声下的英语言语识别能力的影响。方法对21例(男11例,女10例)听力正常的汉-英双语青年(以汉语为母语,英语为第二语言)进行4种条件下(英语噪声无启动,汉语噪声无启动,英语噪声有启动和汉语噪声有启动)的英语语句识别阈(Recognition Threshold for Sentence,RTS)测试和英语言语识别率(Word Recognition Score,WRS)测试,分别获得在有无启动效应的两种情况下英语噪声和汉语噪声中的RTS和信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio,SNR)为0,4,8 dB时的WRS。RTS越低或者WRS越高表明言语识别能力越好。分别比较RTS和WRS,分析启动效应对汉语和英语噪声下言语识别造成的影响。结果除信噪比为8dB的英语噪声下WRS测试外(78.73±7.45%,80.44±7.12%),其他测试情况下启动效应均有降低RTS或提高WRS的作用(P<0.05)。启动效应在英语噪声下对RTS的降低作用(3.64±2.18 dB SNR)显著强于汉语噪声(1.73±2.73 dB SNR)(P<0.05)。启动效应在英语噪声下对WRS的提高作用在0dB信噪比时(16.53±11.80%)显著强于汉语噪声(12.05±11.82%),而当信噪比为8dB时(1.71±6.90%)显著弱于汉语噪声(7.65±10.10%)。结论启动效应确实能够提高汉-英双语者在不同语种的噪声下的英语言语识别能力,但是随着信噪比的提高,启动效应对言语识别的提升作用在不同的语种噪声下会有不同程度的减弱。展开更多
目的比较助听器远程调试和传统面对面调试对中老年听障患者使用助听器效果的影响。方法对20例中老年听障患者采用面对面方式验配助听器,并使用汉语普通话噪声下言语测试(Mandarin hearing in noise test,MHINT)获得助听前后言语识别阈值...目的比较助听器远程调试和传统面对面调试对中老年听障患者使用助听器效果的影响。方法对20例中老年听障患者采用面对面方式验配助听器,并使用汉语普通话噪声下言语测试(Mandarin hearing in noise test,MHINT)获得助听前后言语识别阈值,评估效果。1周后,20例患者面对面填写中国助听器效果问卷调查(Chinese hearing aid outcomes questionnaires-CHAOQ),然后随机分为传统组和远程组,每组10例,传统组面对面进行后续助听器调试,远程组使用手机软件通过线上方式进行远程调试;调试后3周,两组再次面对面填写问卷,并完成言语识别阈测试,比较两组结果。结果两组患者助听前言语识别阈无统计学差异,佩戴助听器1周后及调试3周后两组患者的言语识别阈均降低,但调试方式对两组患者言语识别阈值的影响不显著[F(1,18)=0.15,P=0.70];助听器效果问卷调查显示,两组患者对助听器使用的满意度差异无统计学意义[F(1,18)=0.04,P=0.84]。远程组患者调试前不满意率为20%,调试3周后降为10%;传统组患者对助听器的不满意率调试前后均为20%。结论对于中老年听障患者,配戴助听器后远程调试助听器的效果与传统面对面调试相同,并且具有快捷方便实时的优点。展开更多
文摘目的：评估老年性聋患者噪声下言语识别能力，探讨年龄、听力损失程度、认知功能对噪声下言语识别能力的影响。方法以90例60岁以上老年性聋者为受试者，按年龄分为三组，60～69岁（44例88耳）、70～79岁（32例64耳）、＞79岁（14例28耳），完成纯音听阈测试、普通话噪声下言语测试（Mandarin hearing in noise test ， MHINT）及简易智能精神状态量表（mini－mental state examination ，MMSE）评估，分别获得0．5、1、2、4 kHz平均听阈、MHINT自适应信噪比及MMSE量表总得分；分析年龄、平均听阈、自适应信噪比及MMSE量表得分之间的相关性。结果①平均听阈、M HINT信噪比随年龄增长而提高，不同年龄组间的平均听阈、M HINT 信噪比差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）；②不同程度听力损失组间的M HINT信噪比差异显著（P＜0．01），控制认知得分的情况下其差异仍然有统计学意义（P＜0．01），且平均听阈与 MHINT 信噪比具有显著的直线相关性（r＝0．326，P＜0．01），随着受试者平均听阈提高，MMSE得分下降，二者有直线相关性（r＝－0．187，P＜0．05）；③MHINT信噪比与MMSE量表得分具有相关性（r＝－0．201，P＜0．01），认知功能减退组（＜27分）的MHINT信噪比平均值较认知功能正常组（27～30分）显著增加（P＜0．01）；不同听力损失程度组中，认知功能正常组与减退组之间M HINT信噪比差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论噪声下言语测试可用于老年人听觉功能评估，老年性聋者的年龄、听力损失程度、认知功能与噪声下言语识别能力之间相互影响，评估老年人听觉功能时应考虑认知功能的影响。
文摘关于护听器声衰减能力的评价,目前有好几种方法都有大量文献充分地论证。本文介绍了3种标准化的评价方法:真耳听阈衰减法(Real-ear attenuation at threshold,REAT),真耳内置麦克风(Microphone in real ear,MIRE),和声学仿真测量装置(Acoustical test fixture,ATF)方法。讨论了评价护听器声衰减能力,这3种方法各自的优缺点和适用范围。REAT方法是评价护听器声衰减值最准确的方法之一,目前被国际标准普遍采用。
文摘Objective:To explore the clinical evaluation role of the Digits-in-Noise(DIN)test and Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults Screening(HHIA-S)for patients with occupational noise-induced hearing loss and to observe and analyze their application values.Methods:Fifty patients with suspected occupational noise-induced hearing loss were randomly selected from the Department of Otolaryngology at the hospital as the research target.The collection period for the research cases spanned from January 2022 to November 2023,and all patients had a history of noise exposure.The DIN test and HHIA-S were used for hearing examinations,with clinical,comprehensive diagnosis serving as the gold standard to study their diagnostic performance.Results:The compliance rate of the DIN test was 88.00%,the HHIA-S’s compliance rate was 80.00%,and the combined compliance rate was 94.00%.The compliance rate of the DIN test and the combined compliance rates of the patients were statistically significant compared to the clinical gold standard data(P<0.05),while there was no difference between the compliance rate of the HHIA-S and the gold standard(P>0.05).The data shows that the sensitivity of the combined diagnosis is significantly higher than the sensitivity data of the DIN test and HHIA-S examination alone(P<0.05).Its specificity is 100.00%,and the accuracy data of the joint diagnosis in the degree were higher than those of the DIN test alone(P>0.05)and the HHIA-S alone(P<0.05).Conclusion:For patients with occupational noise-induced hearing loss,the joint evaluation of the DIN test and HHIA-S can significantly improve their diagnostic value with high sensitivity and accuracy.
文摘The few studies evaluating the changes caused by cigarette smoking on hearing loss induced by occupational exposure to noise have reached discordant conclusions. The aim of this study is to investigate the interactions between cigarette smoking and occupational exposure to noise as risk factors in the onset and development of hearing loss. The study was performed on a sample of 557 shipyard workers exposed to noise at an Equivalent Level (Leq) of 93 dBA. On the basis of their smoking habits, they were divided into three groups: group (A), non-smokers;group (B), smokers (15-30 cigarettes per day);and group (C), heavy smokers (over 30 cigarettes per day). The study focussed on the audiometric responses of the subjects at the frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 Hz. The results were then compared using statistical techniquees (Internal correlation coefficient, exponential model, ANCOVA, NPC test). Comparison of the audiometric responses showed statistically significant differences between the three groups. Non-parametric analysis, performed using the NPC test, highlighted that the interaction between smoking and exposure to noise has an influence on hearing loss at all frequencies, and particularly at high frequencies (3000-4000 Hz). The data obtained from the examined sample show that smoking and exposure to noise cause an increase in occupational hearing loss and that this is directly related to the number of cigarettes smoked.
文摘目的研究启动效应对不同语种噪声下的英语言语识别能力的影响。方法对21例(男11例,女10例)听力正常的汉-英双语青年(以汉语为母语,英语为第二语言)进行4种条件下(英语噪声无启动,汉语噪声无启动,英语噪声有启动和汉语噪声有启动)的英语语句识别阈(Recognition Threshold for Sentence,RTS)测试和英语言语识别率(Word Recognition Score,WRS)测试,分别获得在有无启动效应的两种情况下英语噪声和汉语噪声中的RTS和信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio,SNR)为0,4,8 dB时的WRS。RTS越低或者WRS越高表明言语识别能力越好。分别比较RTS和WRS,分析启动效应对汉语和英语噪声下言语识别造成的影响。结果除信噪比为8dB的英语噪声下WRS测试外(78.73±7.45%,80.44±7.12%),其他测试情况下启动效应均有降低RTS或提高WRS的作用(P<0.05)。启动效应在英语噪声下对RTS的降低作用(3.64±2.18 dB SNR)显著强于汉语噪声(1.73±2.73 dB SNR)(P<0.05)。启动效应在英语噪声下对WRS的提高作用在0dB信噪比时(16.53±11.80%)显著强于汉语噪声(12.05±11.82%),而当信噪比为8dB时(1.71±6.90%)显著弱于汉语噪声(7.65±10.10%)。结论启动效应确实能够提高汉-英双语者在不同语种的噪声下的英语言语识别能力,但是随着信噪比的提高,启动效应对言语识别的提升作用在不同的语种噪声下会有不同程度的减弱。
文摘目的比较助听器远程调试和传统面对面调试对中老年听障患者使用助听器效果的影响。方法对20例中老年听障患者采用面对面方式验配助听器,并使用汉语普通话噪声下言语测试(Mandarin hearing in noise test,MHINT)获得助听前后言语识别阈值,评估效果。1周后,20例患者面对面填写中国助听器效果问卷调查(Chinese hearing aid outcomes questionnaires-CHAOQ),然后随机分为传统组和远程组,每组10例,传统组面对面进行后续助听器调试,远程组使用手机软件通过线上方式进行远程调试;调试后3周,两组再次面对面填写问卷,并完成言语识别阈测试,比较两组结果。结果两组患者助听前言语识别阈无统计学差异,佩戴助听器1周后及调试3周后两组患者的言语识别阈均降低,但调试方式对两组患者言语识别阈值的影响不显著[F(1,18)=0.15,P=0.70];助听器效果问卷调查显示,两组患者对助听器使用的满意度差异无统计学意义[F(1,18)=0.04,P=0.84]。远程组患者调试前不满意率为20%,调试3周后降为10%;传统组患者对助听器的不满意率调试前后均为20%。结论对于中老年听障患者,配戴助听器后远程调试助听器的效果与传统面对面调试相同,并且具有快捷方便实时的优点。
