随着3S技术的发展,基于DEM的分布式水文模型的应用和研究已成为现代水文模型研究的热点内容之一。将流域性洪水模拟系统(HEC-HMS)应用于山西省吕梁市三川河一级支流—北川河上游圪洞水文站控制流域,利用圪洞水文站2005~2014年的实测资...随着3S技术的发展,基于DEM的分布式水文模型的应用和研究已成为现代水文模型研究的热点内容之一。将流域性洪水模拟系统(HEC-HMS)应用于山西省吕梁市三川河一级支流—北川河上游圪洞水文站控制流域,利用圪洞水文站2005~2014年的实测资料进行洪水模拟,并分析了参数敏感性。其中产流计算选用Green and Ampt损失法、直接径流计算选用SCS单位线法、河道洪水演进选用Muskingum法,地下径流计算选用消退基流法。模拟结果显示,洪峰流量合格率为80%,洪量的合格率为90%,DC均值为0.71,洪峰出现时差均值为0.69h;模型参数中树冠截流量、地表截流量、土壤稳定下渗率、流域滞时及蓄量常数等较为敏感,而土壤湿润锋吸力和土壤饱和含水率等参数相对不敏感。研究结果表明HEC-HMS模型在我国干旱半干旱黄土丘陵地区具有较好的适用性,可为北方干旱半干旱黄土丘陵地区防洪预警提供依据。展开更多
The hydrologic model HEC-HMS （Hydrologic Engineering Center, Hydrologic Modeling System）, used in combination with the Geospatial Hydrologic Modeling Extension, HEC-GeoHMS, is not a site-specific hydrologic model. A...The hydrologic model HEC-HMS （Hydrologic Engineering Center, Hydrologic Modeling System）, used in combination with the Geospatial Hydrologic Modeling Extension, HEC-GeoHMS, is not a site-specific hydrologic model. Although China has seen the applications of many hydrologic and hydraulic models, HEC-HMS is seldom applied in China, and where it is applied, it is not applied holistically. This paper presents a holistic application of HEC-HMS. Its applicability, capability and suitability for flood forecasting in catchments were examined. The DEMs （digital elevation models） of the study areas were processed using HEC-GeoHMS, an ArcView GIS extension for catchment delineation, terrain pre-processing, and basin processing. The model was calibrated and verified using historical observed data. The determination coefficients and coefficients of agreement for all the flood events were above 0.9, and the relative errors in peak discharges were all within the acceptable range.展开更多
This paper describes a flood routing method applied in an ungauged basin, utilizing the Muskingum model with variable parameters of wave travel time K and weight coefficient of discharge x based on the physical charac...This paper describes a flood routing method applied in an ungauged basin, utilizing the Muskingum model with variable parameters of wave travel time K and weight coefficient of discharge x based on the physical characteristics of the river reach and flood, including the reach slope, length, width, and flood discharge. Three formulas for estimating parameters of wide rectangular, triangular, and parabolic cross sections are proposed. The influence of the flood on channel flow routing parameters is taken into account. The HEC-HMS hydrological model and the geospatial hydrologic analysis module HEC-GeoHMS were used to extract channel or watershed characteristics and to divide sub-basins. In addition, the initial and constant-rate method, user synthetic unit hydrograph method, and exponential recession method were used to estimate runoff volumes, the direct runoff hydrograph, and the baseflow hydrograph, respectively. The Muskingum model with variable parameters was then applied in the Louzigou Basin in Henan Province of China, and of the results, the percentages of flood events with a relative error of peak discharge less than 20% and runoff volume less than 10% are both 100%. They also show that the percentages of flood events with coefficients of determination greater than 0.8 are 83.33%, 91.67%, and 87.5%, respectively, for rectangular, triangular, and parabolic cross sections in 24 flood events. Therefore, this method is applicable to ungauged basins.展开更多
为对比分析HEC-HMS模型三种降雨损失方法在沁河流域的适用性。借助Morris筛选法识别降雨损失方法的关键参数,选用流域内5场雨洪资料进行参数率定和模拟精度分析。结果表明:(1)SCS CN值曲线法、Green-Ampt法、Initial and Uniform法主要...为对比分析HEC-HMS模型三种降雨损失方法在沁河流域的适用性。借助Morris筛选法识别降雨损失方法的关键参数,选用流域内5场雨洪资料进行参数率定和模拟精度分析。结果表明:(1)SCS CN值曲线法、Green-Ampt法、Initial and Uniform法主要敏感性参数分别为CN值、土壤饱和导水率、恒定损失率。(2)选取洪峰流量、洪水总量、峰现时刻误差以及Nash系数对模型模拟精度进行评价,SCS CN值曲线法和Initial and Uniform法模拟结果达到乙等精度,Green-Ampt法模拟结果达到丙等精度。研究成果可为半湿润地区中小流域降雨损失方法的选择提供参考。展开更多
文摘随着3S技术的发展,基于DEM的分布式水文模型的应用和研究已成为现代水文模型研究的热点内容之一。将流域性洪水模拟系统(HEC-HMS)应用于山西省吕梁市三川河一级支流—北川河上游圪洞水文站控制流域,利用圪洞水文站2005~2014年的实测资料进行洪水模拟,并分析了参数敏感性。其中产流计算选用Green and Ampt损失法、直接径流计算选用SCS单位线法、河道洪水演进选用Muskingum法,地下径流计算选用消退基流法。模拟结果显示,洪峰流量合格率为80%,洪量的合格率为90%,DC均值为0.71,洪峰出现时差均值为0.69h;模型参数中树冠截流量、地表截流量、土壤稳定下渗率、流域滞时及蓄量常数等较为敏感,而土壤湿润锋吸力和土壤饱和含水率等参数相对不敏感。研究结果表明HEC-HMS模型在我国干旱半干旱黄土丘陵地区具有较好的适用性,可为北方干旱半干旱黄土丘陵地区防洪预警提供依据。
文摘The hydrologic model HEC-HMS （Hydrologic Engineering Center, Hydrologic Modeling System）, used in combination with the Geospatial Hydrologic Modeling Extension, HEC-GeoHMS, is not a site-specific hydrologic model. Although China has seen the applications of many hydrologic and hydraulic models, HEC-HMS is seldom applied in China, and where it is applied, it is not applied holistically. This paper presents a holistic application of HEC-HMS. Its applicability, capability and suitability for flood forecasting in catchments were examined. The DEMs （digital elevation models） of the study areas were processed using HEC-GeoHMS, an ArcView GIS extension for catchment delineation, terrain pre-processing, and basin processing. The model was calibrated and verified using historical observed data. The determination coefficients and coefficients of agreement for all the flood events were above 0.9, and the relative errors in peak discharges were all within the acceptable range.
基金supported by the Technological Fund Item of China University of Mining and Technology (Grant No. OF4533)the Key Research Project of the Water Resources Department of Henan Province
文摘This paper describes a flood routing method applied in an ungauged basin, utilizing the Muskingum model with variable parameters of wave travel time K and weight coefficient of discharge x based on the physical characteristics of the river reach and flood, including the reach slope, length, width, and flood discharge. Three formulas for estimating parameters of wide rectangular, triangular, and parabolic cross sections are proposed. The influence of the flood on channel flow routing parameters is taken into account. The HEC-HMS hydrological model and the geospatial hydrologic analysis module HEC-GeoHMS were used to extract channel or watershed characteristics and to divide sub-basins. In addition, the initial and constant-rate method, user synthetic unit hydrograph method, and exponential recession method were used to estimate runoff volumes, the direct runoff hydrograph, and the baseflow hydrograph, respectively. The Muskingum model with variable parameters was then applied in the Louzigou Basin in Henan Province of China, and of the results, the percentages of flood events with a relative error of peak discharge less than 20% and runoff volume less than 10% are both 100%. They also show that the percentages of flood events with coefficients of determination greater than 0.8 are 83.33%, 91.67%, and 87.5%, respectively, for rectangular, triangular, and parabolic cross sections in 24 flood events. Therefore, this method is applicable to ungauged basins.
文摘为对比分析HEC-HMS模型三种降雨损失方法在沁河流域的适用性。借助Morris筛选法识别降雨损失方法的关键参数,选用流域内5场雨洪资料进行参数率定和模拟精度分析。结果表明:(1)SCS CN值曲线法、Green-Ampt法、Initial and Uniform法主要敏感性参数分别为CN值、土壤饱和导水率、恒定损失率。(2)选取洪峰流量、洪水总量、峰现时刻误差以及Nash系数对模型模拟精度进行评价,SCS CN值曲线法和Initial and Uniform法模拟结果达到乙等精度,Green-Ampt法模拟结果达到丙等精度。研究成果可为半湿润地区中小流域降雨损失方法的选择提供参考。
