Ta/NTiO/NiFe/Ta multilayers were prepared by radio frequency reactive and dc magnetron sputtering. The exchange coupling field between NiO and NiFe reached 9.6 x 10(3) A/m. The compositions and chemical states at the ...Ta/NTiO/NiFe/Ta multilayers were prepared by radio frequency reactive and dc magnetron sputtering. The exchange coupling field between NiO and NiFe reached 9.6 x 10(3) A/m. The compositions and chemical states at the interface region of NiO/NiFe were studied using the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and peak decomposition technique, The results show that there are two thermodynamically favorable reactions at NiO/NiFe interface: NiO+Fe = Ni + FeO and 3NiO+2Fe =3 Ni+Fe2O3. The thickness of the chemical reaction area estimated by angle-resolved XPS was about 1-1.5 nm. These interface reaction products appear magnetic defects, and the exchange coupling field H-ex and the coereivity H-c of NiO/NiFe are affected by these defects.展开更多
Coal-tar pitch(CP)is a promising carbon raw material for producing needle coke,carbon fiber etc.During processing,the H/C ratio,ash content,and quinoline insoluble(QI)in the CP are the key factors that influence the m...Coal-tar pitch(CP)is a promising carbon raw material for producing needle coke,carbon fiber etc.During processing,the H/C ratio,ash content,and quinoline insoluble(QI)in the CP are the key factors that influence the material preparation.In this study,NMP was selected to extract CP first;then[BMIM]Cl/NMP mixed solvent was used;and finally a series of ionic liquids(ILs)mixtures with NMP were developed for the extraction of CP to obtain the refined pitch.The extracts were analyzed via elemental analysis,TGA,FT-IR,and 13C-NMR.Results indicate that different NMP/IL mass ratios or different kinds of ILs have impact on the extraction yield.The relationship of the hydrogen to carbon(H/C)ratio changed with different solvents and QI extracts were obtained.Results showed that the H/C ratios changed little between NMP extracts and could be adjusted by changing the NMP/ILs mass ratio or using different ILs.The extracts are suitable for preparation mesophase pitch because of no ash content,low QI,and appropriate H/C ratios.As a result,NMP can be used to refine pitch.In addition,[BMIM]Cl is good mixed with NMP for CP extraction,because it can obtain a relatively high yield under the same extraction conditions.展开更多
A new trap mechanism has been proposed to generate H@C 60 . Buckyball excited by shaped laser pulse could have large Raman-active vibration mode A g （1）, which enlarges and shrinks buckyball alternately, and raises ...A new trap mechanism has been proposed to generate H@C 60 . Buckyball excited by shaped laser pulse could have large Raman-active vibration mode A g （1）, which enlarges and shrinks buckyball alternately, and raises and decreases the energy barrier repeatedly, forming a trap to capture the incoming H atom. In this trap mechanism, the A g （1） vibration mode is excited before the encapsulation process of H atom. Simulations of semiclassical electron-radiation-ion dynamics showed that the kinetic energy threshold for H atom in this mechanism was lowered from 17.51 eV to 10.51 eV, and successful encapsulation happened in the range from 10.51 eV to 15.55 eV.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 19890310).
文摘Ta/NTiO/NiFe/Ta multilayers were prepared by radio frequency reactive and dc magnetron sputtering. The exchange coupling field between NiO and NiFe reached 9.6 x 10(3) A/m. The compositions and chemical states at the interface region of NiO/NiFe were studied using the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and peak decomposition technique, The results show that there are two thermodynamically favorable reactions at NiO/NiFe interface: NiO+Fe = Ni + FeO and 3NiO+2Fe =3 Ni+Fe2O3. The thickness of the chemical reaction area estimated by angle-resolved XPS was about 1-1.5 nm. These interface reaction products appear magnetic defects, and the exchange coupling field H-ex and the coereivity H-c of NiO/NiFe are affected by these defects.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB214905)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21076113)
文摘Coal-tar pitch(CP)is a promising carbon raw material for producing needle coke,carbon fiber etc.During processing,the H/C ratio,ash content,and quinoline insoluble(QI)in the CP are the key factors that influence the material preparation.In this study,NMP was selected to extract CP first;then[BMIM]Cl/NMP mixed solvent was used;and finally a series of ionic liquids(ILs)mixtures with NMP were developed for the extraction of CP to obtain the refined pitch.The extracts were analyzed via elemental analysis,TGA,FT-IR,and 13C-NMR.Results indicate that different NMP/IL mass ratios or different kinds of ILs have impact on the extraction yield.The relationship of the hydrogen to carbon(H/C)ratio changed with different solvents and QI extracts were obtained.Results showed that the H/C ratios changed little between NMP extracts and could be adjusted by changing the NMP/ILs mass ratio or using different ILs.The extracts are suitable for preparation mesophase pitch because of no ash content,low QI,and appropriate H/C ratios.As a result,NMP can be used to refine pitch.In addition,[BMIM]Cl is good mixed with NMP for CP extraction,because it can obtain a relatively high yield under the same extraction conditions.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for National Natural Science Foundation of China(11205117)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry
文摘A new trap mechanism has been proposed to generate H@C 60 . Buckyball excited by shaped laser pulse could have large Raman-active vibration mode A g （1）, which enlarges and shrinks buckyball alternately, and raises and decreases the energy barrier repeatedly, forming a trap to capture the incoming H atom. In this trap mechanism, the A g （1） vibration mode is excited before the encapsulation process of H atom. Simulations of semiclassical electron-radiation-ion dynamics showed that the kinetic energy threshold for H atom in this mechanism was lowered from 17.51 eV to 10.51 eV, and successful encapsulation happened in the range from 10.51 eV to 15.55 eV.
