Mesoproterozoic volcanic rocks occurring in the north of the western Kunlun Mountains can be divided into two groups. The first group (north belt) is an reversely-evolved bimodal series. Petrochemistry shows that the ...Mesoproterozoic volcanic rocks occurring in the north of the western Kunlun Mountains can be divided into two groups. The first group (north belt) is an reversely-evolved bimodal series. Petrochemistry shows that the alkalinity of the rocks decreases from early to late: alkaline→calc-alkaline→tholeiite, and geochemistry proves that the volcanic rocks were formed in rifting tectonic systems. The sedimentary facies shows characteristics of back-arc basins. The second (south belt) group, which occurs to the south of Yutian-Minfeng-Cele, is composed of calc-alkaline island arc (basaltic) andesite and minor rhyolite. The space distribution, age and geochemistry of the two volcanite groups indicate that they were formed in a back-arc basin (the first group) and an island arc (the second group) respectively and indicate the plate evolution during the Mesoproterozoic. The orogeny took place at -1.05 Ga, which was coeval with the Grenville orogeny. This study has provided important geological data for exploring the position of the Paleo-Tarim plate in the Rodinia super-continent.展开更多
Zircon Hf evolutionary patterns are powerful tools to investiage magma petrogenesis and crustal evolution. The ^(176)Hf/^(177)Hf isotopic signature of a rock is particularly informative and can be used to derive an es...Zircon Hf evolutionary patterns are powerful tools to investiage magma petrogenesis and crustal evolution. The ^(176)Hf/^(177)Hf isotopic signature of a rock is particularly informative and can be used to derive an estimation of the time when mantle extraction and diagnose closed system reworking where successive samples through time define an Hf evolution array dependant on the source Lu/Hf ratio. However, many magmatic events require new mantle addition as the thermal impetus for melting pre-existing crust. In this situation, rather than simply reflecting reworking, the isotopic signature indicates mixing with contributions from both reworked crust and new radiogenic input. Different geodynamic settings have different propensities for either reworking or addition of new mantle-derived magma. Hence, Hf-time trends carry within them a record, albeit cryptic, of the evolving geodynamic environment as different tectonic configurations recycle and add new crust at different rates, magnitudes, and from different sources. As an example of the difference in apparent Hf evolution slopes, we present Hf-time compilations from three geographically distinct Meso-to Neoproterozoic orogenic belts in the North Atlantic Region whose geodynamic configurations remain a subject of debate. We use the εHf/Ma trajectory to assist in understanding their evolution. The εHf/Ma trajectory of the Sveconorwegian Orogen corresponds to a ^(176)Lu/^(177) Hf ratio of 0.012, which implies a process driven primarily by reworking of preexisting crust that is balanced with input from the depleted mantle resulting in a relatively shallowεHf/Ma slope. The Valhalla Orogen reveals a similar comparatively shallow εHf/Ma path. In stark contrast to these patterns is the steep εHf/Ma trajectory of the Grenville Orogen that requires a mixing process involving a greater contribution of old crust of at least ～ 1.8 Ga age. The degree of reworking required to produce the εHf/Ma trend of the Grenville Orogen is consistent with a continent-continent coll展开更多
The presence of eclogites within continental crust is a key indicator of collisional orogenesis.Eclogites within the Eastern Glenelg basement inlier of the Northern Highland Terrane(NHT)have been redated in order to p...The presence of eclogites within continental crust is a key indicator of collisional orogenesis.Eclogites within the Eastern Glenelg basement inlier of the Northern Highland Terrane(NHT)have been redated in order to provide more accurate constraints on the timing of collision within the northern arm of the Grenville Orogen.The eclogites yield dates of ca.1200 Ma which are interpreted to record the onset of continent–continent interaction,and the NHT as a whole is thought to represent the lower plate in successive 1200–1000 Ma collision events.The Eastern Glenelg basement inlier is viewed as a fragment of the leading edge of the NHT continental basement that was partially subducted along a suture and then exhumed back up the subduction channel.Differences in ages of igneous protoliths and intrusive histories,and metamorphic events(this paper)between the NHT basement and the Laurentian foreland,suggests that they were separate crustal blocks until after ca.1600 Ma.We therefore suggest that:(1)the NHT represents a fragment of Archean–Paleoproterozoic crust that was reworked within the ca.1.7–1.6 Ga Labradorian-Gothian belt,although whether it was derived from Laurentia or Baltica is uncertain,and(2)amalgamation of the NHT with the Laurentian foreland did not occur until the terminal stages of the Grenville collision at ca.1000 Ma.展开更多
Coupled paleomagnetic and geochronologic data derived from mafic dykes provide valuable records of continental movement.To reconstruct the Proterozoic paleogeographic history of Peninsular India,we report paleomagneti...Coupled paleomagnetic and geochronologic data derived from mafic dykes provide valuable records of continental movement.To reconstruct the Proterozoic paleogeographic history of Peninsular India,we report paleomagnetic directions and U-Pb zircon ages from twenty-nine mafic dykes in the Eastern Dharwar Craton near Hyderabad.Paleomagnetic analysis yielded clusters of directional data that correspond to dyke swarms at 2.37 Ga,2.22 Ga,2.08 Ga,1.89-1.86 Ga,1.79 Ga,and a previously undated dual polarity magnetization.We report new positive baked contact tests for the 2.08 Ga swarm and the 1.89-1.86 Ga swarm(s),and a new inverse baked contact test for the 2.08 Ga swarm.Our results promote the 2.08 Ga Dharwar Craton paleomagnetic pole(43.1°N,184.5°E;A95=4.3°)to a reliability score of R=7 and suggest a position for the Dharwar Craton at 1.79 Ga based on a virtual geomagnetic pole(VGP)at 33.0°N,347.5°E(a95=16.9°,k=221,N=2).The new VGP for the Dharwar Craton provides support for the union of the Dharwar,Singhbhum,and Bastar Cratons in the Southern India Block by at least 1.79 Ga.Combined new and published northeast-southwest moderate-steep dual polarity directions from Dharwar Craton dykes define a new paleomagnetic pole at 20.6°N,233.1°E(A95=9.2°,N=18;R=5).Two dykes from this group yielded 1.05-1.01 Ga 207Pb/206Pb zircon ages and this range is taken as the age of the new paleomagnetic pole.A comparison of the previously published poles with our new 1.05-1.01 Ga pole shows India shifting from equatorial to higher(southerly)latitudes from 1.08 Ga to 1.01 Ga as a component of Rodinia.展开更多
Detrital zircons from modern sediments display an episodic temporal distribution of U-Pb crystallization ages forming a series of ＇peaks＇ and ＇troughs＇. The peaks are interpreted to represent either periods of enh...Detrital zircons from modern sediments display an episodic temporal distribution of U-Pb crystallization ages forming a series of ＇peaks＇ and ＇troughs＇. The peaks are interpreted to represent either periods of enhanced generation of granitic magma perhaps associated with mantle overturn and superplume events, or preferential preservation of continental crust during global collisional orogenesis. The close association of those peaks with the assembly of supercontinents implies a causal relationship between collisional orogenesis and the presence of zircon age peaks. Here these two end-member models （episodic periodicity of increased magmatism versus selective preservation during collisional orogenesis） are assessed using U-Pb, Hf, and 0 analysis of detrital zircons from sedimentary successions deposited during the - 1.3-1.1 Ga accretionary, -1.1-0.9 Ga collisional, and 〈 0.9 Ga extensional collapse phases of the Grenville orogenic cycle in Labrador and Scotland. The pre-collisional, accretionary stage provides a baseline of continental crust present prior to orogenesis and is dominated by Archean and Paleoproterozoic age peaks associated with pre-1300 Ma Laurentian geology. Strata deposited during the Grenville Orogeny display similar Archean and Paleoproterozoic detrital populations along with a series of broad muted peaks from - 1500 to 1100 Ma. However, post-collisional sedimentary successions display a dominant age peak between 1085 and 985 Ma, similar to that observed in modern North American river sediments. Zircons within the post-orogenic sedimentary successions have progressively lower EHf and higher -lSO values from - 1800 to - 1200 Ma whereupon they have higher EHf and -3180 within the dominant 1085-985 Ma age peak. Furthermore, the Lu-Hf isotopic profile of the Grenville-related age peak is consistent with significant assimilation and contamination by older crustal material, The timing of this dominant age peak coincides with the peak of metamorphism and magmatism associated with the Gre展开更多
The western margin of Yangtze block and southwestern Sanjiang region absorbed much attention from geologists. It has been proved that there occurred a series of plate subduction, collision, assembly, rifting and break...The western margin of Yangtze block and southwestern Sanjiang region absorbed much attention from geologists. It has been proved that there occurred a series of plate subduction, collision, assembly, rifting and breakup processes between them since Palaeozoic and the tectonic evolutionary relationship between them is clear. But in Proterozoic this kind of links between them became unclear. Did they undergo the assembly and breakup processes of the Rodinia super continent? This paper will take a primary discussion on this question on the basis of basement component, structure characteristics and magmatic activities.1\ Basement features\;(1) In western margin of Yangtze block its basement is composed of crystalline basement and folded basement, a so\|called double\|layer structure. The crystalline basement is made up of Kangding group, Pudeng Formation and Dibadu Formation, among them Kangding group is a representative and composed mainly of migmatite, compositing gneiss, hornblende schist and granulitite. The isotopic age of crystalline basement is older than 1900Ma, so its geological time is late Archaean to early Proterozoic. The folded basement is composed of Dahongshan group, Hekou group, Kunyang group, Huili group and Yanbian group. Their rock associations are made up mainly of spilite\|keratophyre formation, carbonate formation, clastic rock and clastic rock formation with some basic volcanic rocks. The folded basement is assigned to be early and middle Proterozoic (1000～1700M a).展开更多
The Alpine\|Himalayan system is considered as the type of continent\|continent collision orogen, the result of which is the amalgamation of Eurasia, India and Africa into a quasi\|continuous landmass. The Grenville Pr...The Alpine\|Himalayan system is considered as the type of continent\|continent collision orogen, the result of which is the amalgamation of Eurasia, India and Africa into a quasi\|continuous landmass. The Grenville Province of Canada, the youngest tectonic province of the Canadian shield, results from the collision of Laurentia with continental masses including Baltica, Amazonia, Congo and Kalahari (Hoffman, 1991), a collision that formed, between 1.2 Ga and 1 0Ga, the Rodinia supercontinent. The Grenville Province is the largest exposed section of the resulting Grenville belt, the length of which compares with that of the Alpine—Himalayan system whereas its width may reach that of Himalaya—Tibet. Unfortunately, due to the depth of erosion and to the dismembering of the belt in post\|grenvillian times, the Grenville Province lacks some of the diagnostic features of collision belts such as ophiolites and the SE\|vergent counterpart of the ca. 1 0Ga Grenville Front. However, the level of exposure is such that it provides direct access to the deep crustal parts of the orogen which are only accessible through geophysical methods in modern, little eroded mountains. Recent advances in the understanding of collision belts (e.g. LITHOPROBE and INDEPTH projects) now allow to identify the type of features that are common to the Grenvillian and the Himalayan belts in order to test the analogue model.展开更多
Through a detailed text examination,this paper contends that albeit Kate Grenville'sThe Secret River is dedicated to interrogate white actions in the colonial past and expects to contribute to the process of recon...Through a detailed text examination,this paper contends that albeit Kate Grenville'sThe Secret River is dedicated to interrogate white actions in the colonial past and expects to contribute to the process of reconciliation in Australia, it engages sympathy of readers through the empathetic personification of the protagonist William Thornhill,who is subtly positioned as a victim forced into morally dubious actions by extraordinary circumstances. The wrongdoing of the white settlers is normalized in a western conception of possessive logic,the plight of the Aborigines authentically diluted and minimized. This paper thus concludes that The Secret River is another white attempt to legitimize dispossession of the Indigenous and a failure of engagement in the national reconciliation process. This paper further points out that repressing the true history will never set Australia free; acknowledging collective guilt is the only way forward.展开更多
The development of a plateau is an integral part of the evolution of recent large orogens. This is suggested by the presence of wide regions of high topographic relief in many Phanerozoic collisional belts, with the T...The development of a plateau is an integral part of the evolution of recent large orogens. This is suggested by the presence of wide regions of high topographic relief in many Phanerozoic collisional belts, with the Tibetan, Anatolian, Altiplano and Colorado plateaus forming the most often cited examples. To date, plateaus have not been documented in Proterozoic orogens. However, if large Proterozoic convergent belts developed plateaus, evidence should be preserved in the geologic record.Proterozoic belts expose deeper crustal levels that are not directly accessible in modern analogues. Therefore, if they represent the final product of a plateau style evolution, their study may give direct insight on the nature of the middle to lower crust beneath modern orogenic plateaus. The Grenville Province of the Canadian Shield is a Mesoproterozoic continental collision belt of Himalayan scale that contains various lines of evidence suggesting an early plateau\|type evolution. Here we discuss this evidence and draw comparisons with the prime example of a present day plateau in a continental collision setting, the Tibetan plateau.展开更多
The poly-phase orogeny information included in one orogenic belt is the key for studying the regional tectonic evolution at different time period.It also has important significance of understanding the rock associatio...The poly-phase orogeny information included in one orogenic belt is the key for studying the regional tectonic evolution at different time period.It also has important significance of understanding the rock association and展开更多
文摘Mesoproterozoic volcanic rocks occurring in the north of the western Kunlun Mountains can be divided into two groups. The first group (north belt) is an reversely-evolved bimodal series. Petrochemistry shows that the alkalinity of the rocks decreases from early to late: alkaline→calc-alkaline→tholeiite, and geochemistry proves that the volcanic rocks were formed in rifting tectonic systems. The sedimentary facies shows characteristics of back-arc basins. The second (south belt) group, which occurs to the south of Yutian-Minfeng-Cele, is composed of calc-alkaline island arc (basaltic) andesite and minor rhyolite. The space distribution, age and geochemistry of the two volcanite groups indicate that they were formed in a back-arc basin (the first group) and an island arc (the second group) respectively and indicate the plate evolution during the Mesoproterozoic. The orogeny took place at -1.05 Ga, which was coeval with the Grenville orogeny. This study has provided important geological data for exploring the position of the Paleo-Tarim plate in the Rodinia super-continent.
基金funding from the Swedish Research Council (Grant 621-2014-4375)
文摘Zircon Hf evolutionary patterns are powerful tools to investiage magma petrogenesis and crustal evolution. The ^(176)Hf/^(177)Hf isotopic signature of a rock is particularly informative and can be used to derive an estimation of the time when mantle extraction and diagnose closed system reworking where successive samples through time define an Hf evolution array dependant on the source Lu/Hf ratio. However, many magmatic events require new mantle addition as the thermal impetus for melting pre-existing crust. In this situation, rather than simply reflecting reworking, the isotopic signature indicates mixing with contributions from both reworked crust and new radiogenic input. Different geodynamic settings have different propensities for either reworking or addition of new mantle-derived magma. Hence, Hf-time trends carry within them a record, albeit cryptic, of the evolving geodynamic environment as different tectonic configurations recycle and add new crust at different rates, magnitudes, and from different sources. As an example of the difference in apparent Hf evolution slopes, we present Hf-time compilations from three geographically distinct Meso-to Neoproterozoic orogenic belts in the North Atlantic Region whose geodynamic configurations remain a subject of debate. We use the εHf/Ma trajectory to assist in understanding their evolution. The εHf/Ma trajectory of the Sveconorwegian Orogen corresponds to a ^(176)Lu/^(177) Hf ratio of 0.012, which implies a process driven primarily by reworking of preexisting crust that is balanced with input from the depleted mantle resulting in a relatively shallowεHf/Ma slope. The Valhalla Orogen reveals a similar comparatively shallow εHf/Ma path. In stark contrast to these patterns is the steep εHf/Ma trajectory of the Grenville Orogen that requires a mixing process involving a greater contribution of old crust of at least ～ 1.8 Ga age. The degree of reworking required to produce the εHf/Ma trend of the Grenville Orogen is consistent with a continent-continent coll
文摘The presence of eclogites within continental crust is a key indicator of collisional orogenesis.Eclogites within the Eastern Glenelg basement inlier of the Northern Highland Terrane(NHT)have been redated in order to provide more accurate constraints on the timing of collision within the northern arm of the Grenville Orogen.The eclogites yield dates of ca.1200 Ma which are interpreted to record the onset of continent–continent interaction,and the NHT as a whole is thought to represent the lower plate in successive 1200–1000 Ma collision events.The Eastern Glenelg basement inlier is viewed as a fragment of the leading edge of the NHT continental basement that was partially subducted along a suture and then exhumed back up the subduction channel.Differences in ages of igneous protoliths and intrusive histories,and metamorphic events(this paper)between the NHT basement and the Laurentian foreland,suggests that they were separate crustal blocks until after ca.1600 Ma.We therefore suggest that:(1)the NHT represents a fragment of Archean–Paleoproterozoic crust that was reworked within the ca.1.7–1.6 Ga Labradorian-Gothian belt,although whether it was derived from Laurentia or Baltica is uncertain,and(2)amalgamation of the NHT with the Laurentian foreland did not occur until the terminal stages of the Grenville collision at ca.1000 Ma.
基金This work was supported by the United States of America National Science Foundation grants EAR13-47942 and 602 EAR18-50693 to JGM。
文摘Coupled paleomagnetic and geochronologic data derived from mafic dykes provide valuable records of continental movement.To reconstruct the Proterozoic paleogeographic history of Peninsular India,we report paleomagnetic directions and U-Pb zircon ages from twenty-nine mafic dykes in the Eastern Dharwar Craton near Hyderabad.Paleomagnetic analysis yielded clusters of directional data that correspond to dyke swarms at 2.37 Ga,2.22 Ga,2.08 Ga,1.89-1.86 Ga,1.79 Ga,and a previously undated dual polarity magnetization.We report new positive baked contact tests for the 2.08 Ga swarm and the 1.89-1.86 Ga swarm(s),and a new inverse baked contact test for the 2.08 Ga swarm.Our results promote the 2.08 Ga Dharwar Craton paleomagnetic pole(43.1°N,184.5°E;A95=4.3°)to a reliability score of R=7 and suggest a position for the Dharwar Craton at 1.79 Ga based on a virtual geomagnetic pole(VGP)at 33.0°N,347.5°E(a95=16.9°,k=221,N=2).The new VGP for the Dharwar Craton provides support for the union of the Dharwar,Singhbhum,and Bastar Cratons in the Southern India Block by at least 1.79 Ga.Combined new and published northeast-southwest moderate-steep dual polarity directions from Dharwar Craton dykes define a new paleomagnetic pole at 20.6°N,233.1°E(A95=9.2°,N=18;R=5).Two dykes from this group yielded 1.05-1.01 Ga 207Pb/206Pb zircon ages and this range is taken as the age of the new paleomagnetic pole.A comparison of the previously published poles with our new 1.05-1.01 Ga pole shows India shifting from equatorial to higher(southerly)latitudes from 1.08 Ga to 1.01 Ga as a component of Rodinia.
基金The University of St.Andrews and Natural Environment Research Council(NERC grant NE/J021822/1)provided financial support for this studyThe NERC Isotope Geosciences Facilities Steering Committee(IP-1326-0512 and IMF 458-0512)provided additional analytical support
文摘Detrital zircons from modern sediments display an episodic temporal distribution of U-Pb crystallization ages forming a series of ＇peaks＇ and ＇troughs＇. The peaks are interpreted to represent either periods of enhanced generation of granitic magma perhaps associated with mantle overturn and superplume events, or preferential preservation of continental crust during global collisional orogenesis. The close association of those peaks with the assembly of supercontinents implies a causal relationship between collisional orogenesis and the presence of zircon age peaks. Here these two end-member models （episodic periodicity of increased magmatism versus selective preservation during collisional orogenesis） are assessed using U-Pb, Hf, and 0 analysis of detrital zircons from sedimentary successions deposited during the - 1.3-1.1 Ga accretionary, -1.1-0.9 Ga collisional, and 〈 0.9 Ga extensional collapse phases of the Grenville orogenic cycle in Labrador and Scotland. The pre-collisional, accretionary stage provides a baseline of continental crust present prior to orogenesis and is dominated by Archean and Paleoproterozoic age peaks associated with pre-1300 Ma Laurentian geology. Strata deposited during the Grenville Orogeny display similar Archean and Paleoproterozoic detrital populations along with a series of broad muted peaks from - 1500 to 1100 Ma. However, post-collisional sedimentary successions display a dominant age peak between 1085 and 985 Ma, similar to that observed in modern North American river sediments. Zircons within the post-orogenic sedimentary successions have progressively lower EHf and higher -lSO values from - 1800 to - 1200 Ma whereupon they have higher EHf and -3180 within the dominant 1085-985 Ma age peak. Furthermore, the Lu-Hf isotopic profile of the Grenville-related age peak is consistent with significant assimilation and contamination by older crustal material, The timing of this dominant age peak coincides with the peak of metamorphism and magmatism associated with the Gre
文摘The western margin of Yangtze block and southwestern Sanjiang region absorbed much attention from geologists. It has been proved that there occurred a series of plate subduction, collision, assembly, rifting and breakup processes between them since Palaeozoic and the tectonic evolutionary relationship between them is clear. But in Proterozoic this kind of links between them became unclear. Did they undergo the assembly and breakup processes of the Rodinia super continent? This paper will take a primary discussion on this question on the basis of basement component, structure characteristics and magmatic activities.1\ Basement features\;(1) In western margin of Yangtze block its basement is composed of crystalline basement and folded basement, a so\|called double\|layer structure. The crystalline basement is made up of Kangding group, Pudeng Formation and Dibadu Formation, among them Kangding group is a representative and composed mainly of migmatite, compositing gneiss, hornblende schist and granulitite. The isotopic age of crystalline basement is older than 1900Ma, so its geological time is late Archaean to early Proterozoic. The folded basement is composed of Dahongshan group, Hekou group, Kunyang group, Huili group and Yanbian group. Their rock associations are made up mainly of spilite\|keratophyre formation, carbonate formation, clastic rock and clastic rock formation with some basic volcanic rocks. The folded basement is assigned to be early and middle Proterozoic (1000～1700M a).
文摘The Alpine\|Himalayan system is considered as the type of continent\|continent collision orogen, the result of which is the amalgamation of Eurasia, India and Africa into a quasi\|continuous landmass. The Grenville Province of Canada, the youngest tectonic province of the Canadian shield, results from the collision of Laurentia with continental masses including Baltica, Amazonia, Congo and Kalahari (Hoffman, 1991), a collision that formed, between 1.2 Ga and 1 0Ga, the Rodinia supercontinent. The Grenville Province is the largest exposed section of the resulting Grenville belt, the length of which compares with that of the Alpine—Himalayan system whereas its width may reach that of Himalaya—Tibet. Unfortunately, due to the depth of erosion and to the dismembering of the belt in post\|grenvillian times, the Grenville Province lacks some of the diagnostic features of collision belts such as ophiolites and the SE\|vergent counterpart of the ca. 1 0Ga Grenville Front. However, the level of exposure is such that it provides direct access to the deep crustal parts of the orogen which are only accessible through geophysical methods in modern, little eroded mountains. Recent advances in the understanding of collision belts (e.g. LITHOPROBE and INDEPTH projects) now allow to identify the type of features that are common to the Grenvillian and the Himalayan belts in order to test the analogue model.
基金the National Social Science Fund Key Project--Oceania Literature Research in Multicultural Perspective(16ZDA200) the National Social Science Fund Project-A Critical History of Contemporary Australian Literature(12BWW037).
文摘Through a detailed text examination,this paper contends that albeit Kate Grenville'sThe Secret River is dedicated to interrogate white actions in the colonial past and expects to contribute to the process of reconciliation in Australia, it engages sympathy of readers through the empathetic personification of the protagonist William Thornhill,who is subtly positioned as a victim forced into morally dubious actions by extraordinary circumstances. The wrongdoing of the white settlers is normalized in a western conception of possessive logic,the plight of the Aborigines authentically diluted and minimized. This paper thus concludes that The Secret River is another white attempt to legitimize dispossession of the Indigenous and a failure of engagement in the national reconciliation process. This paper further points out that repressing the true history will never set Australia free; acknowledging collective guilt is the only way forward.
文摘The development of a plateau is an integral part of the evolution of recent large orogens. This is suggested by the presence of wide regions of high topographic relief in many Phanerozoic collisional belts, with the Tibetan, Anatolian, Altiplano and Colorado plateaus forming the most often cited examples. To date, plateaus have not been documented in Proterozoic orogens. However, if large Proterozoic convergent belts developed plateaus, evidence should be preserved in the geologic record.Proterozoic belts expose deeper crustal levels that are not directly accessible in modern analogues. Therefore, if they represent the final product of a plateau style evolution, their study may give direct insight on the nature of the middle to lower crust beneath modern orogenic plateaus. The Grenville Province of the Canadian Shield is a Mesoproterozoic continental collision belt of Himalayan scale that contains various lines of evidence suggesting an early plateau\|type evolution. Here we discuss this evidence and draw comparisons with the prime example of a present day plateau in a continental collision setting, the Tibetan plateau.
基金funded by the National Science Foundation of China (No. 41572051)the China Geological Survey (No. DD20160022-01)project from Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (J1518)
文摘The poly-phase orogeny information included in one orogenic belt is the key for studying the regional tectonic evolution at different time period.It also has important significance of understanding the rock association and
