Planting trees along urban streets is one of the most important strategies to improve the urban thermal environment.However,the net impacts of urban street trees on human thermal comfort and physiological parameters a...Planting trees along urban streets is one of the most important strategies to improve the urban thermal environment.However,the net impacts of urban street trees on human thermal comfort and physiological parameters are still less clear.On three similar east-west orientated streets with different degrees of tree cover-low(13%),medium(35%),and high(75%),urban microclimatic parameters and human physiological indices for six male students were simultaneously measured on three cloudless days in summer 2018.The results show that the differences in tree cover were predominant in influencing urban thermal environment and comfort.The street with the highest tree cover had significantly lower physiological equivalent temperature(PET) and more comfortable than the other two streets.The frequency of strong heat stress(PET> 35℃) was 64%,11 %,and 0%,respectively,for streets with low,medium,and high tree cover.For the six male university students,human physiological indices varied greatly across the three streets with different tree cover.Systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and pulse rate increased with decreasing tree cover.The results also suggest that urban thermal environment and comfort had considerable impact on human physiological parameters.Our study provides reasons for urban planners to plant trees along streets to improve the thermal environment and promote urban sustainability.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Liver cirrhosis causes peculiar systemic hemodynamics,and accurate evaluation of systemic hemodynamic state is important for cirrhotic recipients who underwent living donor liver transplantation(LDLT). We i...BACKGROUND:Liver cirrhosis causes peculiar systemic hemodynamics,and accurate evaluation of systemic hemodynamic state is important for cirrhotic recipients who underwent living donor liver transplantation(LDLT). We investigated the clinical advantages of a novel non- invasive method for measuring systemic hemodynamic parameters using indocyanine green(ICG). METHODS:Twenty-eight LDLT recipients were evaluated. Simultaneous measurements of cardiac output(CO)using Swan-Ganz catheters and pulse dye densitometry(PDD) were performed every 12 hours after LDLT.A total of 155 sets of simultaneous CO measurements were obtained. RESULTS:The CO values obtained by PDD correlated well with those obtained by the invasive catheter technique.In addition,none of the recipients developed any side-effects, and we verified the safety of repeated ICG injections.ICG is safe,even for repeated use over time in the same recipient. Moreover,PDD can measure the blood volume(BV).CONCLUSIONS:Since the cirrhotic systemic hemody- namics characterized by high CO and large BV remains, even after LDLT,the ability to measure CO and BV in a non-invasive,simple and real-time manner using PDD has advantages for cirrhotic LDLT recipients.展开更多
绿色暴露是人与绿色空间积极互动的重要结果,为解决儿童与青少年健康问题提供新的契机。运用CiteSpace知识图谱分析软件对322篇Web of Science核心合集收录的相关文献进行文献计量分析,梳理绿色暴露对儿童和青少年健康影响研究的整体发...绿色暴露是人与绿色空间积极互动的重要结果,为解决儿童与青少年健康问题提供新的契机。运用CiteSpace知识图谱分析软件对322篇Web of Science核心合集收录的相关文献进行文献计量分析,梳理绿色暴露对儿童和青少年健康影响研究的整体发展脉络。结果显示:(1)在纵向时间维度上,相关研究历经明显的阶段性特征,多数文献源于景观规划与环境资源类刊物;(2)高频发表的作者组团引导该领域的主要研究方向,文献支持机构主要来自欧美国家的众多高校;(3)在横向关键词维度上,通过共现、突现与时间线分析得出主要关键词,并从实践设计、儿童与青少年成长特点与社会属性出发,分析研究前沿内容;(4)基于研究方法与视角对相关文献进行差异性分析,总结重要的测度指标与发展层次。针对现有研究不足,为未来绿色暴露对儿童与青少年健康研究方向提供参考。展开更多
BACKGROUND: The indocyanine green (ICG) retention test is the most popular liver function test for selecting patients for major hepatectomy. Traditionally, it is done using spectrophotometry with serial blood sampling...BACKGROUND: The indocyanine green (ICG) retention test is the most popular liver function test for selecting patients for major hepatectomy. Traditionally, it is done using spectrophotometry with serial blood sampling. The newly- developed pulse spectrophotometry is a faster alternative, but its accuracy on Child-Pugh A cirrhotic patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma has not been well documented. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the LiMON , one of the pulse spectrophotometry systems, in measuring preoperative ICG retention in these patients and to devise an easy formula for conversion of the results so that they can be compared with classical literature records where ICG retention was measured by the traditional method. METHODS: We measured the liver function of 70 Child-Pugh A cirrhotic patients before hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma from September 2008 to January 2009. ICG retention at 15 minutes measured by traditional spectrophotometry (ICGR15) was compared with ICG retention at 15 minutes measured by the LiMON (ICGR15(L)). RESULTS: The median ICGR15 was 14.7% (5.6%-32%) and the median ICGR15(L) was 10.4% (1.2%-28%). The mean difference between them was -4.3606. There was a strong correlation between ICGR15 and ICGR15(L) (correlation coefficient, 0.844; 95% confidence interval, 0.762-0.899). The following formula was devised: ICGR15=1.16×ICGR15(L)+2.73.CONCLUSIONS: The LiMON provides a fast and repeatable way to measure ICG retention at 15 minutes, but with constant underestimation of the real value. Therefore, when comparing results obtained by traditional spectrophotometry and the LiMON, adjustment of results from the latter is necessary, and this can be done with a simple mathematical calculation using the above formula.展开更多
基金The work was supported by the Youth Science Fund Project approved by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant 2020237in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 4170121.
文摘Planting trees along urban streets is one of the most important strategies to improve the urban thermal environment.However,the net impacts of urban street trees on human thermal comfort and physiological parameters are still less clear.On three similar east-west orientated streets with different degrees of tree cover-low(13%),medium(35%),and high(75%),urban microclimatic parameters and human physiological indices for six male students were simultaneously measured on three cloudless days in summer 2018.The results show that the differences in tree cover were predominant in influencing urban thermal environment and comfort.The street with the highest tree cover had significantly lower physiological equivalent temperature(PET) and more comfortable than the other two streets.The frequency of strong heat stress(PET> 35℃) was 64%,11 %,and 0%,respectively,for streets with low,medium,and high tree cover.For the six male university students,human physiological indices varied greatly across the three streets with different tree cover.Systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and pulse rate increased with decreasing tree cover.The results also suggest that urban thermal environment and comfort had considerable impact on human physiological parameters.Our study provides reasons for urban planners to plant trees along streets to improve the thermal environment and promote urban sustainability.
文摘BACKGROUND:Liver cirrhosis causes peculiar systemic hemodynamics,and accurate evaluation of systemic hemodynamic state is important for cirrhotic recipients who underwent living donor liver transplantation(LDLT). We investigated the clinical advantages of a novel non- invasive method for measuring systemic hemodynamic parameters using indocyanine green(ICG). METHODS:Twenty-eight LDLT recipients were evaluated. Simultaneous measurements of cardiac output(CO)using Swan-Ganz catheters and pulse dye densitometry(PDD) were performed every 12 hours after LDLT.A total of 155 sets of simultaneous CO measurements were obtained. RESULTS:The CO values obtained by PDD correlated well with those obtained by the invasive catheter technique.In addition,none of the recipients developed any side-effects, and we verified the safety of repeated ICG injections.ICG is safe,even for repeated use over time in the same recipient. Moreover,PDD can measure the blood volume(BV).CONCLUSIONS:Since the cirrhotic systemic hemody- namics characterized by high CO and large BV remains, even after LDLT,the ability to measure CO and BV in a non-invasive,simple and real-time manner using PDD has advantages for cirrhotic LDLT recipients.
文摘绿色暴露是人与绿色空间积极互动的重要结果,为解决儿童与青少年健康问题提供新的契机。运用CiteSpace知识图谱分析软件对322篇Web of Science核心合集收录的相关文献进行文献计量分析,梳理绿色暴露对儿童和青少年健康影响研究的整体发展脉络。结果显示:(1)在纵向时间维度上,相关研究历经明显的阶段性特征,多数文献源于景观规划与环境资源类刊物;(2)高频发表的作者组团引导该领域的主要研究方向,文献支持机构主要来自欧美国家的众多高校;(3)在横向关键词维度上,通过共现、突现与时间线分析得出主要关键词,并从实践设计、儿童与青少年成长特点与社会属性出发,分析研究前沿内容;(4)基于研究方法与视角对相关文献进行差异性分析,总结重要的测度指标与发展层次。针对现有研究不足,为未来绿色暴露对儿童与青少年健康研究方向提供参考。
文摘BACKGROUND: The indocyanine green (ICG) retention test is the most popular liver function test for selecting patients for major hepatectomy. Traditionally, it is done using spectrophotometry with serial blood sampling. The newly- developed pulse spectrophotometry is a faster alternative, but its accuracy on Child-Pugh A cirrhotic patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma has not been well documented. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the LiMON , one of the pulse spectrophotometry systems, in measuring preoperative ICG retention in these patients and to devise an easy formula for conversion of the results so that they can be compared with classical literature records where ICG retention was measured by the traditional method. METHODS: We measured the liver function of 70 Child-Pugh A cirrhotic patients before hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma from September 2008 to January 2009. ICG retention at 15 minutes measured by traditional spectrophotometry (ICGR15) was compared with ICG retention at 15 minutes measured by the LiMON (ICGR15(L)). RESULTS: The median ICGR15 was 14.7% (5.6%-32%) and the median ICGR15(L) was 10.4% (1.2%-28%). The mean difference between them was -4.3606. There was a strong correlation between ICGR15 and ICGR15(L) (correlation coefficient, 0.844; 95% confidence interval, 0.762-0.899). The following formula was devised: ICGR15=1.16×ICGR15(L)+2.73.CONCLUSIONS: The LiMON provides a fast and repeatable way to measure ICG retention at 15 minutes, but with constant underestimation of the real value. Therefore, when comparing results obtained by traditional spectrophotometry and the LiMON, adjustment of results from the latter is necessary, and this can be done with a simple mathematical calculation using the above formula.
