Tourist trails as a linear form of tourist infrastructure fulfill various functions(i.e. recreational, ecological, economic, social, ensuring safety). They are especially important in national parks, where in selected...Tourist trails as a linear form of tourist infrastructure fulfill various functions(i.e. recreational, ecological, economic, social, ensuring safety). They are especially important in national parks, where in selected areas tourist penetration is allowed only along specially designed, official routes. A well-planned layout of tourist trails with appropriate facilities can help to limit the negative consequences of tourist pressure on protected natural areas. The aim of the article is a comparison of offers for active tourists in two mountain national parks(the Krkono?e National Park in the Czech Republic and the Peneda-Gerês National Park in Portugal), taking into consideration the marked hiking trails – the most frequently used type of tourist trails. As a result the level of area coverage by the networks of hiking trails was assessed, as well as their adequateness towards the needs of tourists. The descriptive analysis was based on author's personal observations. In the examination of hiking trails as part of a system, some elements of the graph theory were used, especially coefficients for topologic analysis of spatial structure. This method enables simplification of a network, comparison of various areas and making some assumptions concerning tourist infrastructure, which is a crucial factor while analyzing trails from a tourists' point of view. In both analyzed national parks the relief is quite similar, as well as their locations near national borders, what justifies the choice of the areas scrutinized in the paper. What differ them are patterns of tourism development and the current ways of undertaking active tourism. Not similarities but the two latter factors resulted in a distinct character of the two compared networks of trails and facilities connected with them. The system of hiking trails and tourist infrastructure seem better developed in the Krkono?e National Park, what can be explained by historical and social conditions, especially the adopted model of hiking. In the article some disadvantages展开更多
开源软件在大规模发展与普及的同时也构筑了一个开源开发与协同的生态系统,在这个系统中,个人与组织协同开发所有人都可以使用的高质量软件。以GitHub为代表的社会化协作平台进一步促进了大规模、分布式、细粒度的代码协作与技术社交,...开源软件在大规模发展与普及的同时也构筑了一个开源开发与协同的生态系统,在这个系统中,个人与组织协同开发所有人都可以使用的高质量软件。以GitHub为代表的社会化协作平台进一步促进了大规模、分布式、细粒度的代码协作与技术社交,无数开发者每天在其上提交代码、评审代码、报告bug,或提出新的功能请求,如何利用这些海量的协作行为数据挖掘有价值的信息是当前的研究难点。因此,设计并实现了一个面向开源协作数字生态的一站式数据挖掘系统OpenDigger,目标是构建开源领域的数据基础设施,促进开源生态的持续发展。OpenDigger系统主要由数据采集服务、数据存储模块、标签数据模块和信息服务模块构成,它基于OLAP列式数据库和图数据库,持续采集多源开源生态数据,并通过统一的接口为不同用户群体提供各类开源信息服务。OpenDigger从协作关系网络视角挖掘开源数字生态中的关键信息,相比传统统计指标,协作网络视角更好地展现了开源项目与开发者的关联特性,用户可以使用在线分析环境或CLI工具对开源生态数据进行建模与分析。OpenDigger服务于蚂蚁金服、阿里巴巴、木兰开源社区等多家企业与社区,为OSPO(Open Source Program Office,开源办公室)从业者和开源项目运营负责人提供开源数字洞察能力。展开更多
文摘Tourist trails as a linear form of tourist infrastructure fulfill various functions(i.e. recreational, ecological, economic, social, ensuring safety). They are especially important in national parks, where in selected areas tourist penetration is allowed only along specially designed, official routes. A well-planned layout of tourist trails with appropriate facilities can help to limit the negative consequences of tourist pressure on protected natural areas. The aim of the article is a comparison of offers for active tourists in two mountain national parks(the Krkono?e National Park in the Czech Republic and the Peneda-Gerês National Park in Portugal), taking into consideration the marked hiking trails – the most frequently used type of tourist trails. As a result the level of area coverage by the networks of hiking trails was assessed, as well as their adequateness towards the needs of tourists. The descriptive analysis was based on author's personal observations. In the examination of hiking trails as part of a system, some elements of the graph theory were used, especially coefficients for topologic analysis of spatial structure. This method enables simplification of a network, comparison of various areas and making some assumptions concerning tourist infrastructure, which is a crucial factor while analyzing trails from a tourists' point of view. In both analyzed national parks the relief is quite similar, as well as their locations near national borders, what justifies the choice of the areas scrutinized in the paper. What differ them are patterns of tourism development and the current ways of undertaking active tourism. Not similarities but the two latter factors resulted in a distinct character of the two compared networks of trails and facilities connected with them. The system of hiking trails and tourist infrastructure seem better developed in the Krkono?e National Park, what can be explained by historical and social conditions, especially the adopted model of hiking. In the article some disadvantages
文摘开源软件在大规模发展与普及的同时也构筑了一个开源开发与协同的生态系统,在这个系统中,个人与组织协同开发所有人都可以使用的高质量软件。以GitHub为代表的社会化协作平台进一步促进了大规模、分布式、细粒度的代码协作与技术社交,无数开发者每天在其上提交代码、评审代码、报告bug,或提出新的功能请求,如何利用这些海量的协作行为数据挖掘有价值的信息是当前的研究难点。因此,设计并实现了一个面向开源协作数字生态的一站式数据挖掘系统OpenDigger,目标是构建开源领域的数据基础设施,促进开源生态的持续发展。OpenDigger系统主要由数据采集服务、数据存储模块、标签数据模块和信息服务模块构成,它基于OLAP列式数据库和图数据库,持续采集多源开源生态数据,并通过统一的接口为不同用户群体提供各类开源信息服务。OpenDigger从协作关系网络视角挖掘开源数字生态中的关键信息,相比传统统计指标,协作网络视角更好地展现了开源项目与开发者的关联特性,用户可以使用在线分析环境或CLI工具对开源生态数据进行建模与分析。OpenDigger服务于蚂蚁金服、阿里巴巴、木兰开源社区等多家企业与社区,为OSPO(Open Source Program Office,开源办公室)从业者和开源项目运营负责人提供开源数字洞察能力。
