Pocket gophers (Geomyidae) have an extensive impact on both natural and agricultural systems. Trapping is a tech- nique often used to sample and manage these populations. The identification of an attractant that inc...Pocket gophers (Geomyidae) have an extensive impact on both natural and agricultural systems. Trapping is a tech- nique often used to sample and manage these populations. The identification of an attractant that increases capture rates of pocket gophers would greatly assist researchers and pest management professionals alike. Therefore, we tested the attractiveness of four attractants (peanut butter, anise, grapefruit attractant, and carrot) plus a control (no attractant) using uncovered and covered trap sets to determine what impact they have on visitation and capture rates of pocket gophers. We also determined how the impact of cover status and attractants differ across varying weights and gender of pocket gophers. We found no direct effect of any attracrant on visitation and capture rates of pocket gophers, nor on the gender of captured individuals. However, when no attractant was used, the mtmber of pocket gophers captured per 100 trap nights was greater when trap sets were uncovered vs. when covered, and capture rates were generally high and consistent when using peanut butter as an attractant. Additionally, we noted that covered trap sets that were baited with peanut butter yielded heavier pocket gopher captures than uncovered trap sets using this same attractant. This is key, given the difficulty associated with capturing older, more experienced individuals. Combined with data from a previous investigation, this suggests that there is no advantage to using any attractant when utilizing uncovered trap sets, but there is likely some benefit to using peanut butter in covered trap sets [Current Zoology 60 (4): 472-478, 2014].展开更多
上一讲介绍了在Windows环境下采用SLIP/PPP协议拨号访问Internet的各种连接方法。详细讲述了软件和硬件的设置,其中包括Trumpet Winsock、InternetIn A Box以及在Win95中拨号网络的设置等。随着ISP技术的不断发展,Internet的连接对于用...上一讲介绍了在Windows环境下采用SLIP/PPP协议拨号访问Internet的各种连接方法。详细讲述了软件和硬件的设置,其中包括Trumpet Winsock、InternetIn A Box以及在Win95中拨号网络的设置等。随着ISP技术的不断发展,Internet的连接对于用户已经越来越透明,Winsock技术已逐渐地被包含在了Windows和应用程序中,对于最终用户来说,他们更关心的是如何使用Internet提供的各种服务,以获取更多的网上信息。本讲我们以具体的客户端为例,介绍Internet各种服务的使用方法,如E-mail、FTP、WWW、BBS等。展开更多
文摘Pocket gophers (Geomyidae) have an extensive impact on both natural and agricultural systems. Trapping is a tech- nique often used to sample and manage these populations. The identification of an attractant that increases capture rates of pocket gophers would greatly assist researchers and pest management professionals alike. Therefore, we tested the attractiveness of four attractants (peanut butter, anise, grapefruit attractant, and carrot) plus a control (no attractant) using uncovered and covered trap sets to determine what impact they have on visitation and capture rates of pocket gophers. We also determined how the impact of cover status and attractants differ across varying weights and gender of pocket gophers. We found no direct effect of any attracrant on visitation and capture rates of pocket gophers, nor on the gender of captured individuals. However, when no attractant was used, the mtmber of pocket gophers captured per 100 trap nights was greater when trap sets were uncovered vs. when covered, and capture rates were generally high and consistent when using peanut butter as an attractant. Additionally, we noted that covered trap sets that were baited with peanut butter yielded heavier pocket gopher captures than uncovered trap sets using this same attractant. This is key, given the difficulty associated with capturing older, more experienced individuals. Combined with data from a previous investigation, this suggests that there is no advantage to using any attractant when utilizing uncovered trap sets, but there is likely some benefit to using peanut butter in covered trap sets [Current Zoology 60 (4): 472-478, 2014].
文摘上一讲介绍了在Windows环境下采用SLIP/PPP协议拨号访问Internet的各种连接方法。详细讲述了软件和硬件的设置,其中包括Trumpet Winsock、InternetIn A Box以及在Win95中拨号网络的设置等。随着ISP技术的不断发展,Internet的连接对于用户已经越来越透明,Winsock技术已逐渐地被包含在了Windows和应用程序中,对于最终用户来说,他们更关心的是如何使用Internet提供的各种服务,以获取更多的网上信息。本讲我们以具体的客户端为例,介绍Internet各种服务的使用方法,如E-mail、FTP、WWW、BBS等。