为推进我国地理信息科学与技术发展,借鉴UCGIS于2006年提出的地理信息科学与技术知识体系(Geographic Information Science and Technology Body of Knowledge),分析其对我国GIS领域研究的若干启示,包括构建科学合理的地理信息科学与技...为推进我国地理信息科学与技术发展,借鉴UCGIS于2006年提出的地理信息科学与技术知识体系(Geographic Information Science and Technology Body of Knowledge),分析其对我国GIS领域研究的若干启示,包括构建科学合理的地理信息科学与技术学科体系、加强地理空间认知与概念建模的研究、多学科交叉推进地理计算理论与应用研究、推进地理信息科学与技术的相关软科学研究。展开更多
The resurgence of locally acquired malaria cases in the USA and the persistent global challenge of malaria transmission highlight the urgent need for research to prevent this disease. Despite significant eradication e...The resurgence of locally acquired malaria cases in the USA and the persistent global challenge of malaria transmission highlight the urgent need for research to prevent this disease. Despite significant eradication efforts, malaria remains a serious threat, particularly in regions like Africa. This study explores how integrating Gregor’s Type IV theory with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) improves our understanding of disease dynamics, especially Malaria transmission patterns in Uganda. By combining data-driven algorithms, artificial intelligence, and geospatial analysis, the research aims to determine the most reliable predictors of Malaria incident rates and assess the impact of different factors on transmission. Using diverse predictive modeling techniques including Linear Regression, K-Nearest Neighbor, Neural Network, and Random Forest, the study found that;Random Forest model outperformed the others, demonstrating superior predictive accuracy with an R<sup>2</sup> of approximately 0.88 and a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.0534, Antimalarial treatment was identified as the most influential factor, with mosquito net access associated with a significant reduction in incident rates, while higher temperatures correlated with increased rates. Our study concluded that the Random Forest model was effective in predicting malaria incident rates in Uganda and highlighted the significance of climate factors and preventive measures such as mosquito nets and antimalarial drugs. We recommended that districts with malaria hotspots lacking Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) coverage prioritize its implementation to mitigate incident rates, while those with high malaria rates in 2020 require immediate attention. By advocating for the use of appropriate predictive models, our research emphasized the importance of evidence-based decision-making in malaria control strategies, aiming to reduce transmission rates and save lives.展开更多
Understanding trends of land use land cover (LULC) changes is important for biodiversity monitoring and conservation planning, and identifying the areas affected by change and designing sustainable solutions to reduce...Understanding trends of land use land cover (LULC) changes is important for biodiversity monitoring and conservation planning, and identifying the areas affected by change and designing sustainable solutions to reduce the changes. The study aims to evaluate and quantify the historical changes in land use and land cover in Mukumbura (Ward 2), Mt Darwin, Zimbabwe, from 2002 to 2022. The objective of the study was to analyse the LULC changes in Ward 2 (Mukumbura), Mt Darwin, Northern Zimbabwe, for a period of 20 years using geospatial techniques. Landsat satellite images were processed using Google Earth Engine (GEE) and the supervised classification with maximum likelihood algorithm was employed to generate LULC maps between 2002 and 2022 with a five (5) year interval, investigating the following variables, forest cover, barren land, water cover and the fields. Findings revealed a substantial reduction in forest cover by 38.8%, water bodies (wetlands, ponds, and rivers) declined by 55.6%, whilst fields (crop/agricultural fields) increased by 93.3% and the barren land cover increased by 26.3% from 2002 to 2022. These findings point to substantial changes in LULC over the observed years. LULC changes have resulted in habitat fragmentation, reduced biodiversity, and the disruption of ecosystem functions. The study concludes that if these deforestation trends, cultivation, and settlement land expansion continue, the ward will have limited indigenous fruit trees. Therefore, the causes for LULC changes must be controlled, sustainable forest resources use practiced, hence the need to domesticate the indigenous fruit trees in arborloo toilets.展开更多
选址作为商业决策和城市基础设施规划的核心环节,对实体店铺、城市基础设施能否发挥预期效用具有重要作用.现有的选址推荐系统数据服务编排较为固定,无法对不同用户需求系统做出及时调整,应用场景受限,人机交互的系统灵活性和可扩展性差...选址作为商业决策和城市基础设施规划的核心环节,对实体店铺、城市基础设施能否发挥预期效用具有重要作用.现有的选址推荐系统数据服务编排较为固定,无法对不同用户需求系统做出及时调整,应用场景受限,人机交互的系统灵活性和可扩展性差.最近,以GPT-4为代表的大语言模型(large language model,LLM)展现出了强大的意图理解、任务编排、代码生成和工具使用能力,能够完成传统推荐模型难以兼顾的任务,为重塑推荐流程、实现一体化的推荐服务提供了新的机遇.然而,一方面选址推荐兼具传统推荐共有的挑战;另一方面,由于其基于空间数据,具有独特的挑战.在这一背景下,提出了大语言模型驱动的选址推荐系统.首先,拓展了选址推荐的场景,提出了根据位置寻找合适店铺类型的场景推荐任务,结合了协同过滤算法和空间预训练模型.其次,构建了由大语言模型驱动的选址决策引擎.语言模型本身在处理空间相关的任务上存在诸多缺陷,例如缺少空间感知能力、无法理解具体位置、会虚构地名地址等.提出了一种在语言模型框架处理空间任务的机制,通过地理编码、逆编码、地名地址解析等工具提升模型的空间感知能力并避免地址虚构问题,结合选址推荐模型、场景推荐模型、外部知识库、地图可视化完成选址推荐中的多样化任务.实现选址任务的智能规划、执行与归因,提升了空间服务系统的交互体验,为未来人工智能驱动的选址推荐系统提供新的设计和实现思路.展开更多
Based on the developing tendency of present China’s basic GIS,this paper discusses the designing idea for scales of 1∶10 000,1∶50 000, 1∶250 000 and 1∶1 000 000 pyramid_like multi_layer and multi_resolution of th...Based on the developing tendency of present China’s basic GIS,this paper discusses the designing idea for scales of 1∶10 000,1∶50 000, 1∶250 000 and 1∶1 000 000 pyramid_like multi_layer and multi_resolution of the basic GIS.A technical line for the construction of basic GIS of the whole country and various provinces for sustainable development is put forward.And some important theoretical GIS issues touched by the technical process are discussed.展开更多
文摘为推进我国地理信息科学与技术发展,借鉴UCGIS于2006年提出的地理信息科学与技术知识体系(Geographic Information Science and Technology Body of Knowledge),分析其对我国GIS领域研究的若干启示,包括构建科学合理的地理信息科学与技术学科体系、加强地理空间认知与概念建模的研究、多学科交叉推进地理计算理论与应用研究、推进地理信息科学与技术的相关软科学研究。
文摘The resurgence of locally acquired malaria cases in the USA and the persistent global challenge of malaria transmission highlight the urgent need for research to prevent this disease. Despite significant eradication efforts, malaria remains a serious threat, particularly in regions like Africa. This study explores how integrating Gregor’s Type IV theory with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) improves our understanding of disease dynamics, especially Malaria transmission patterns in Uganda. By combining data-driven algorithms, artificial intelligence, and geospatial analysis, the research aims to determine the most reliable predictors of Malaria incident rates and assess the impact of different factors on transmission. Using diverse predictive modeling techniques including Linear Regression, K-Nearest Neighbor, Neural Network, and Random Forest, the study found that;Random Forest model outperformed the others, demonstrating superior predictive accuracy with an R<sup>2</sup> of approximately 0.88 and a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.0534, Antimalarial treatment was identified as the most influential factor, with mosquito net access associated with a significant reduction in incident rates, while higher temperatures correlated with increased rates. Our study concluded that the Random Forest model was effective in predicting malaria incident rates in Uganda and highlighted the significance of climate factors and preventive measures such as mosquito nets and antimalarial drugs. We recommended that districts with malaria hotspots lacking Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) coverage prioritize its implementation to mitigate incident rates, while those with high malaria rates in 2020 require immediate attention. By advocating for the use of appropriate predictive models, our research emphasized the importance of evidence-based decision-making in malaria control strategies, aiming to reduce transmission rates and save lives.
文摘Understanding trends of land use land cover (LULC) changes is important for biodiversity monitoring and conservation planning, and identifying the areas affected by change and designing sustainable solutions to reduce the changes. The study aims to evaluate and quantify the historical changes in land use and land cover in Mukumbura (Ward 2), Mt Darwin, Zimbabwe, from 2002 to 2022. The objective of the study was to analyse the LULC changes in Ward 2 (Mukumbura), Mt Darwin, Northern Zimbabwe, for a period of 20 years using geospatial techniques. Landsat satellite images were processed using Google Earth Engine (GEE) and the supervised classification with maximum likelihood algorithm was employed to generate LULC maps between 2002 and 2022 with a five (5) year interval, investigating the following variables, forest cover, barren land, water cover and the fields. Findings revealed a substantial reduction in forest cover by 38.8%, water bodies (wetlands, ponds, and rivers) declined by 55.6%, whilst fields (crop/agricultural fields) increased by 93.3% and the barren land cover increased by 26.3% from 2002 to 2022. These findings point to substantial changes in LULC over the observed years. LULC changes have resulted in habitat fragmentation, reduced biodiversity, and the disruption of ecosystem functions. The study concludes that if these deforestation trends, cultivation, and settlement land expansion continue, the ward will have limited indigenous fruit trees. Therefore, the causes for LULC changes must be controlled, sustainable forest resources use practiced, hence the need to domesticate the indigenous fruit trees in arborloo toilets.
文摘选址作为商业决策和城市基础设施规划的核心环节,对实体店铺、城市基础设施能否发挥预期效用具有重要作用.现有的选址推荐系统数据服务编排较为固定,无法对不同用户需求系统做出及时调整,应用场景受限,人机交互的系统灵活性和可扩展性差.最近,以GPT-4为代表的大语言模型(large language model,LLM)展现出了强大的意图理解、任务编排、代码生成和工具使用能力,能够完成传统推荐模型难以兼顾的任务,为重塑推荐流程、实现一体化的推荐服务提供了新的机遇.然而,一方面选址推荐兼具传统推荐共有的挑战;另一方面,由于其基于空间数据,具有独特的挑战.在这一背景下,提出了大语言模型驱动的选址推荐系统.首先,拓展了选址推荐的场景,提出了根据位置寻找合适店铺类型的场景推荐任务,结合了协同过滤算法和空间预训练模型.其次,构建了由大语言模型驱动的选址决策引擎.语言模型本身在处理空间相关的任务上存在诸多缺陷,例如缺少空间感知能力、无法理解具体位置、会虚构地名地址等.提出了一种在语言模型框架处理空间任务的机制,通过地理编码、逆编码、地名地址解析等工具提升模型的空间感知能力并避免地址虚构问题,结合选址推荐模型、场景推荐模型、外部知识库、地图可视化完成选址推荐中的多样化任务.实现选址任务的智能规划、执行与归因,提升了空间服务系统的交互体验,为未来人工智能驱动的选址推荐系统提供新的设计和实现思路.
文摘Based on the developing tendency of present China’s basic GIS,this paper discusses the designing idea for scales of 1∶10 000,1∶50 000, 1∶250 000 and 1∶1 000 000 pyramid_like multi_layer and multi_resolution of the basic GIS.A technical line for the construction of basic GIS of the whole country and various provinces for sustainable development is put forward.And some important theoretical GIS issues touched by the technical process are discussed.
