本文旨在分析烤烟种质资源遗传多样性,通过关联分析寻找与烤烟农艺性状和化学成分相关联的分子标记,为分子标记辅助选择育种和提高烤烟育种效率奠定基础。利用均匀分布于烟草24个连锁群上的120个SSR标记分析了231份烤烟种质资源的遗传...本文旨在分析烤烟种质资源遗传多样性,通过关联分析寻找与烤烟农艺性状和化学成分相关联的分子标记,为分子标记辅助选择育种和提高烤烟育种效率奠定基础。利用均匀分布于烟草24个连锁群上的120个SSR标记分析了231份烤烟种质资源的遗传多样性及群体遗传结构,在此基础上采用TASSEL 5.0 GLM(general linear model)和MLM(mixed linear model)方法进行标记与表型性状变异(8个农艺性状和5个化学成分)的关联分析。通过遗传多样性分析,共检测出403个等位变异,变异范围2-21个,平均每个标记3.36个;引物的多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.036~0.785,平均值为0.408;供试材料间遗传距离为0.003~0.371,平均值为0.148。通过非加权组平均法(UPGMA)进行聚类分析,在遗传距离(GD)值为0.153水平上可将231份烤烟材料聚为4大类。通过群体遗传结构分析将供试材料划分成3个亚群,且每个亚群分别包含117、38和76份烤烟材料。通过GLM_Q和MLM_Q+K两种关联分析模型,分别检测出17个和9个与13个表型性状显著相关,其中9个标记在两个年份和两种模型中均被检测到与同一性状在P<0.001水平上极显著相关,且MLM_Q+K未能检测到新的关联标记;3个株高相关标记(TM10481、PT54964和TM20580)、2个叶数相关标记(TM10846和PT60728)、1个茎围相关标记(TM25276)和1个叶长相关标记(TM11215)与已报道的QTL定位结果一致,可应用于烤烟分子标记辅助选择育种。展开更多
酸枣(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var.spinosa(Bunge)Hu ex H.F.Chow)为鼠李科枣属植物,主要分布于我国华北陕、晋、冀、鲁、豫五省,由于野生生长条件的差异性及其他因素影响,酸枣果实形态有所变异,种质资源多样性也越来越丰富。为了解我国...酸枣(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var.spinosa(Bunge)Hu ex H.F.Chow)为鼠李科枣属植物,主要分布于我国华北陕、晋、冀、鲁、豫五省,由于野生生长条件的差异性及其他因素影响,酸枣果实形态有所变异,种质资源多样性也越来越丰富。为了解我国酸枣资源的整体分布、资源的多样性等方面的情况,查阅近20年来的国内外文献,发现目前对酸枣的研究多集中于化学成分、药理作用等方面,关于种质资源方面的研究较少,酸枣长期的野生生长及采收、加工、贮藏等因素在一定程度上影响到药材酸枣仁的质量。本文从有关酸枣的分布情况,资源多样性,化学成分等方面进行归纳总结,以期为酸枣的种质资源保护及资源的研究开发提供参考。展开更多
Binary azeotropes, which contain two chemicals with a relative volatility of 1, are very common in the chemical industry. Understanding azeotropes is essential for effectively separating binary azeotropes containing l...Binary azeotropes, which contain two chemicals with a relative volatility of 1, are very common in the chemical industry. Understanding azeotropes is essential for effectively separating binary azeotropes containing lower alcohols. Experimental techniques and ab initio approaches can produce accurate results;however, these two processes are time consuming and labor intensive. Although thermodynamic equations such as UNIFAC are widely used, experimental values are required, and it is difficult to choose the best groups to represent a complex system. Because of their high efficiency and fast calculation speed, quantitative structure–property relationship(QSPR) tools were used in this work to predict the azeotropic temperatures and compositions of binary azeotropes containing lower alcohols. The QSPR models for 64 binary azeotropes based on centroid approximation and weighted-contribution-factor approximation were established using the genetic function approximation(GFA) procedure in Materials Studio software, and a leave-one-out cross-validation procedure was conducted.External tests of an additional 16 azeotropes were also investigated, and high determination coefficient values were obtained. The best QSPR models were explained in terms of the molecular structure of the azeotropes,and good predictive ability was obtained within acceptable prediction error levels.展开更多
为明确优质强筋小麦新品种郑品优9号的分子遗传基础及重要性状功能基因组成,利用小麦50 K SNP育种芯片对郑品优9号及其双亲郑麦366和豫麦34进行分析。结果表明,郑麦366和豫麦34对郑品优9号的遗传贡献率分别为68.26%和31.74%;在不同基因...为明确优质强筋小麦新品种郑品优9号的分子遗传基础及重要性状功能基因组成,利用小麦50 K SNP育种芯片对郑品优9号及其双亲郑麦366和豫麦34进行分析。结果表明,郑麦366和豫麦34对郑品优9号的遗传贡献率分别为68.26%和31.74%;在不同基因组和染色体水平,双亲对郑品优9号的遗传贡献率差异较大,郑麦366对郑品优9号A、B、D三个基因组的贡献率分别为68.60%、90.98%和27.63%,其中,郑麦366在B基因组染色体上的遗传贡献率均高于豫麦34,除1B染色体外,2B~7B染色体上的遗传贡献率均超过80%。重要性状功能基因组成分析发现,郑品优9号不仅聚合了多个优良品质基因,还携带有与抗病性和农艺性状相关的优异基因。本研究可为郑品优9号在遗传改良和生产中的应用提供理论依据。展开更多
文摘本文旨在分析烤烟种质资源遗传多样性,通过关联分析寻找与烤烟农艺性状和化学成分相关联的分子标记,为分子标记辅助选择育种和提高烤烟育种效率奠定基础。利用均匀分布于烟草24个连锁群上的120个SSR标记分析了231份烤烟种质资源的遗传多样性及群体遗传结构,在此基础上采用TASSEL 5.0 GLM(general linear model)和MLM(mixed linear model)方法进行标记与表型性状变异(8个农艺性状和5个化学成分)的关联分析。通过遗传多样性分析,共检测出403个等位变异,变异范围2-21个,平均每个标记3.36个;引物的多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.036~0.785,平均值为0.408;供试材料间遗传距离为0.003~0.371,平均值为0.148。通过非加权组平均法(UPGMA)进行聚类分析,在遗传距离(GD)值为0.153水平上可将231份烤烟材料聚为4大类。通过群体遗传结构分析将供试材料划分成3个亚群,且每个亚群分别包含117、38和76份烤烟材料。通过GLM_Q和MLM_Q+K两种关联分析模型,分别检测出17个和9个与13个表型性状显著相关,其中9个标记在两个年份和两种模型中均被检测到与同一性状在P<0.001水平上极显著相关,且MLM_Q+K未能检测到新的关联标记;3个株高相关标记(TM10481、PT54964和TM20580)、2个叶数相关标记(TM10846和PT60728)、1个茎围相关标记(TM25276)和1个叶长相关标记(TM11215)与已报道的QTL定位结果一致,可应用于烤烟分子标记辅助选择育种。
文摘酸枣(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var.spinosa(Bunge)Hu ex H.F.Chow)为鼠李科枣属植物,主要分布于我国华北陕、晋、冀、鲁、豫五省,由于野生生长条件的差异性及其他因素影响,酸枣果实形态有所变异,种质资源多样性也越来越丰富。为了解我国酸枣资源的整体分布、资源的多样性等方面的情况,查阅近20年来的国内外文献,发现目前对酸枣的研究多集中于化学成分、药理作用等方面,关于种质资源方面的研究较少,酸枣长期的野生生长及采收、加工、贮藏等因素在一定程度上影响到药材酸枣仁的质量。本文从有关酸枣的分布情况,资源多样性,化学成分等方面进行归纳总结,以期为酸枣的种质资源保护及资源的研究开发提供参考。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21776145,21676152)Key Research Project of Shandong Province(2016GSF116004)
文摘Binary azeotropes, which contain two chemicals with a relative volatility of 1, are very common in the chemical industry. Understanding azeotropes is essential for effectively separating binary azeotropes containing lower alcohols. Experimental techniques and ab initio approaches can produce accurate results;however, these two processes are time consuming and labor intensive. Although thermodynamic equations such as UNIFAC are widely used, experimental values are required, and it is difficult to choose the best groups to represent a complex system. Because of their high efficiency and fast calculation speed, quantitative structure–property relationship(QSPR) tools were used in this work to predict the azeotropic temperatures and compositions of binary azeotropes containing lower alcohols. The QSPR models for 64 binary azeotropes based on centroid approximation and weighted-contribution-factor approximation were established using the genetic function approximation(GFA) procedure in Materials Studio software, and a leave-one-out cross-validation procedure was conducted.External tests of an additional 16 azeotropes were also investigated, and high determination coefficient values were obtained. The best QSPR models were explained in terms of the molecular structure of the azeotropes,and good predictive ability was obtained within acceptable prediction error levels.
文摘为明确优质强筋小麦新品种郑品优9号的分子遗传基础及重要性状功能基因组成,利用小麦50 K SNP育种芯片对郑品优9号及其双亲郑麦366和豫麦34进行分析。结果表明,郑麦366和豫麦34对郑品优9号的遗传贡献率分别为68.26%和31.74%;在不同基因组和染色体水平,双亲对郑品优9号的遗传贡献率差异较大,郑麦366对郑品优9号A、B、D三个基因组的贡献率分别为68.60%、90.98%和27.63%,其中,郑麦366在B基因组染色体上的遗传贡献率均高于豫麦34,除1B染色体外,2B~7B染色体上的遗传贡献率均超过80%。重要性状功能基因组成分析发现,郑品优9号不仅聚合了多个优良品质基因,还携带有与抗病性和农艺性状相关的优异基因。本研究可为郑品优9号在遗传改良和生产中的应用提供理论依据。
