The complete mitochondrial genome （mitogenome） of Gampsocleis gratiosa was determined. The 15,929 bp in the size of G. gratiosa mitogenome contains a typical gene content, base composition, and codon usage found in ...The complete mitochondrial genome （mitogenome） of Gampsocleis gratiosa was determined. The 15,929 bp in the size of G. gratiosa mitogenome contains a typical gene content, base composition, and codon usage found in metazoan. All 13 protein coding genes （PCGs） of the G gratiosa mitogenome start with a typical ATN codon. The usual termination codons （TAA and TAG） were found from 10 PCGs. However, the atp6, had4, and had5 had incomplete termination codon （T）. The anticodons of all tRNAs are identical to those observed in Drosophila yakuba and Locusta migratoria, and can be folded in the form of a typical clover leaf structure except for trnS （AGN）. The secondary structure of trnS （AGN） was drawn according with the Steinberg-Cedergren tertiary structure. The A＋T content （67.4%） of the A＋T-rich region is relatively lower among the mitogenome regions, in contrast, it usually contains the highest A＋T content for most insects. Two isolated sequence repeat regions （202 bp） were found in the A＋T-rich region with mapping and secondary structure information.展开更多
Some tribological behavior between mature Gampsocleis gratiosa foot pads and vertical flats of different materials were studied in this work. stereomicroscope （SMS） and scanning electron microscope （SEM） were used...Some tribological behavior between mature Gampsocleis gratiosa foot pads and vertical flats of different materials were studied in this work. stereomicroscope （SMS） and scanning electron microscope （SEM） were used to measure the morphology of the Gampsocleis gratiosa foot pads. An atomic force microscope （AFM） was used to measure the morphologies of the surfaces of glass and a wall doped with calcium carbonate material. The attaching behavior of Gampsocleis gratiosa feet on the two vertical surfaces was observed. The attaching force （perpendicular to the vertical surface） and the static frictional force （along the direction of gravitation） of Gampsocleis gratiosa foot pads on a vertical glass were measured. It was shown that the average attaching force is 50.59 mN and the static frictional force is 259.10 mN. The physical models of the attaching interface between Gampsocleis gratiosa foot pads and the two vertical surfaces were proposed. It was observed that the foot pads are smooth in macroscale; however, the pad surface is composed by approximate hexagonal units with sizes of 3 μm to 7 μm in microscale; the adjacent units are separated by nanoscale grooves. The Observations showed that the Gampsocleis gratiosa can not climb the vertical calcium carbonate wall; in contrast, they can easily climb the vertical glass surface. Based on the features of the geometrical morphologies of the foot pads and the glass surface, we speculate that the attaching force and strong static frictional force are attributed to the interinlays between the deformable Gampsocleis gratiosa foot pads and the nanoscale sharp tips of the glass surface.展开更多
本文应用微分干涉相衬法对优雅蝈螽Gampsocleis gratiosa Brunner von Wattenwyl和暗褐蝈螽G.sedakovii(Fischer von Waldheim)雄性精巢管基部、输精管、贮精囊和精包,及雌性受精囊中精子束的形态变化进行了观察,对探讨螽斯近缘种的生...本文应用微分干涉相衬法对优雅蝈螽Gampsocleis gratiosa Brunner von Wattenwyl和暗褐蝈螽G.sedakovii(Fischer von Waldheim)雄性精巢管基部、输精管、贮精囊和精包,及雌性受精囊中精子束的形态变化进行了观察,对探讨螽斯近缘种的生殖隔离机制和生殖生物学具有重要意义。结果表明:这两种蝈螽的精子束通过精包转移到雌性受精囊后,精子束的形态发生了显著变化。精巢管基部的精子为游离的单个精子;输精管、贮精囊和精包中精子成束排列形成较分散的精子束,精子束头部包裹有粘液帽;雌性受精囊中的精子束的精子呈羽状排列,精子的头部汇集在中央轴上。两种蝈螽精子束形态差异不显著。展开更多
Male’s copulation investment, including spermatophore; sperm investment were very high in the Chinese bushcricket Gampsocleis gratiosa. The effects of mating status of both males; females on male’s copulation invest...Male’s copulation investment, including spermatophore; sperm investment were very high in the Chinese bushcricket Gampsocleis gratiosa. The effects of mating status of both males; females on male’s copulation investment were examined in this study. The fresh weight of spermatophylax increased positively with the weight of males’ body. This indicated that the nutritional investment during copulation depended on male’s quality. Spermatophore investment showed insignificant differences in every copulation protocols. This finding supported the paternal investment hypothesis, that is, males contributed to their offspring with little attention to their partners. Sperm releasing per ejaculation varied significantly among the trials. Males decreased 54.19% sperm in second mating than in its first mating, demonsrated that males regarded the first mating highly,; were more prudent in subsequent mating. These males’ strategies may contribute to the viability of the offspring.展开更多
通过组织切片和SDS-PAGE方法,研究优雅蝈螽Gampsocleis gratiosa Brunner von Wattenwyl雄性附腺的结构及分泌蛋白的特性。结果表明,优雅蝈螽雄性附腺由3类腺管组成:乳白长腺管、透明腺管和乳白短腺管,腺管的管壁组织结构相似,从内到外...通过组织切片和SDS-PAGE方法,研究优雅蝈螽Gampsocleis gratiosa Brunner von Wattenwyl雄性附腺的结构及分泌蛋白的特性。结果表明,优雅蝈螽雄性附腺由3类腺管组成:乳白长腺管、透明腺管和乳白短腺管,腺管的管壁组织结构相似,从内到外依次为单层上皮细胞、基膜、肌肉层,不同腺管管腔分泌物H-E染色后呈现不同颜色。SDS-PAGE分析各种腺管的分泌蛋白具有特异性。展开更多
为阐明优雅蝈螽Gampsocleis gratiosa Brunner von Wattenwyl雄性附腺的结构与功能的关系,本文利用透射电镜(transmission electron microscope,TEM)技术研究了优雅蝈螽雄性附腺的超微结构,利用微分干涉相差显微镜(differential interfe...为阐明优雅蝈螽Gampsocleis gratiosa Brunner von Wattenwyl雄性附腺的结构与功能的关系,本文利用透射电镜(transmission electron microscope,TEM)技术研究了优雅蝈螽雄性附腺的超微结构,利用微分干涉相差显微镜(differential interference contrast microscope,DIC)技术并结合雄性附腺匀浆提取物与精子束在体外的短暂培养,研究了优雅蝈螽雄性附腺对精子束的作用。结果表明:优雅蝈螽雄性附腺3类腺管组织结构相似,腺管管壁为单层上皮细胞,缺少内表皮,说明其来源于中胚层。上皮细胞富含粗面内质网、线粒体、高尔基体,具有分泌细胞的特点。腺管管腔中分泌物有4种形态,即电子透明的物质、电子致密的颗粒物质、细纤维状物质以及绒球状物质。上皮细胞的分泌方式主要有2种,即顶质分泌和局部分泌。乳白短腺管的匀浆提取物参与了帽状精子束解聚的过程,乳白长腺管和透明腺管的匀浆提取物有维持精子束活性的作用。本研究结果为进一步阐明螽斯雄性附腺的生理功能奠定了基础。展开更多
利用透射电镜(TEM)技术研究了优雅蝈螽Gampsocleis gratiosa Brunner von Wattenwyl雄性附腺不同发育时期的超微结构.结果表明:优雅蝈螽雄性附腺乳白长腺管和乳白短腺管在末龄若虫期已分化形成腺管,透明腺管在羽化之后形成腺管.优雅蝈...利用透射电镜(TEM)技术研究了优雅蝈螽Gampsocleis gratiosa Brunner von Wattenwyl雄性附腺不同发育时期的超微结构.结果表明:优雅蝈螽雄性附腺乳白长腺管和乳白短腺管在末龄若虫期已分化形成腺管,透明腺管在羽化之后形成腺管.优雅蝈螽雄性附腺在发育过程中,上皮细胞中的细胞器表现出由分散到集中和由少到多的趋势;腺管管腔中的分泌物由少到多,成熟期分泌物充满整个管腔.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30470238 and 30670279)Innovation Foundation of the Graduate Student Cultivation of the Shaanxi Normal University(No.2006CXB003).
文摘The complete mitochondrial genome （mitogenome） of Gampsocleis gratiosa was determined. The 15,929 bp in the size of G. gratiosa mitogenome contains a typical gene content, base composition, and codon usage found in metazoan. All 13 protein coding genes （PCGs） of the G gratiosa mitogenome start with a typical ATN codon. The usual termination codons （TAA and TAG） were found from 10 PCGs. However, the atp6, had4, and had5 had incomplete termination codon （T）. The anticodons of all tRNAs are identical to those observed in Drosophila yakuba and Locusta migratoria, and can be folded in the form of a typical clover leaf structure except for trnS （AGN）. The secondary structure of trnS （AGN） was drawn according with the Steinberg-Cedergren tertiary structure. The A＋T content （67.4%） of the A＋T-rich region is relatively lower among the mitogenome regions, in contrast, it usually contains the highest A＋T content for most insects. Two isolated sequence repeat regions （202 bp） were found in the A＋T-rich region with mapping and secondary structure information.
基金the National Distinguished Youth Scientists Funds of China(Grant No.50025516)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.50275037) the Novel Creative Funds of Jilin University.
文摘Some tribological behavior between mature Gampsocleis gratiosa foot pads and vertical flats of different materials were studied in this work. stereomicroscope （SMS） and scanning electron microscope （SEM） were used to measure the morphology of the Gampsocleis gratiosa foot pads. An atomic force microscope （AFM） was used to measure the morphologies of the surfaces of glass and a wall doped with calcium carbonate material. The attaching behavior of Gampsocleis gratiosa feet on the two vertical surfaces was observed. The attaching force （perpendicular to the vertical surface） and the static frictional force （along the direction of gravitation） of Gampsocleis gratiosa foot pads on a vertical glass were measured. It was shown that the average attaching force is 50.59 mN and the static frictional force is 259.10 mN. The physical models of the attaching interface between Gampsocleis gratiosa foot pads and the two vertical surfaces were proposed. It was observed that the foot pads are smooth in macroscale; however, the pad surface is composed by approximate hexagonal units with sizes of 3 μm to 7 μm in microscale; the adjacent units are separated by nanoscale grooves. The Observations showed that the Gampsocleis gratiosa can not climb the vertical calcium carbonate wall; in contrast, they can easily climb the vertical glass surface. Based on the features of the geometrical morphologies of the foot pads and the glass surface, we speculate that the attaching force and strong static frictional force are attributed to the interinlays between the deformable Gampsocleis gratiosa foot pads and the nanoscale sharp tips of the glass surface.
文摘本文应用微分干涉相衬法对优雅蝈螽Gampsocleis gratiosa Brunner von Wattenwyl和暗褐蝈螽G.sedakovii(Fischer von Waldheim)雄性精巢管基部、输精管、贮精囊和精包,及雌性受精囊中精子束的形态变化进行了观察,对探讨螽斯近缘种的生殖隔离机制和生殖生物学具有重要意义。结果表明:这两种蝈螽的精子束通过精包转移到雌性受精囊后,精子束的形态发生了显著变化。精巢管基部的精子为游离的单个精子;输精管、贮精囊和精包中精子成束排列形成较分散的精子束,精子束头部包裹有粘液帽;雌性受精囊中的精子束的精子呈羽状排列,精子的头部汇集在中央轴上。两种蝈螽精子束形态差异不显著。
文摘Male’s copulation investment, including spermatophore; sperm investment were very high in the Chinese bushcricket Gampsocleis gratiosa. The effects of mating status of both males; females on male’s copulation investment were examined in this study. The fresh weight of spermatophylax increased positively with the weight of males’ body. This indicated that the nutritional investment during copulation depended on male’s quality. Spermatophore investment showed insignificant differences in every copulation protocols. This finding supported the paternal investment hypothesis, that is, males contributed to their offspring with little attention to their partners. Sperm releasing per ejaculation varied significantly among the trials. Males decreased 54.19% sperm in second mating than in its first mating, demonsrated that males regarded the first mating highly,; were more prudent in subsequent mating. These males’ strategies may contribute to the viability of the offspring.
文摘通过组织切片和SDS-PAGE方法,研究优雅蝈螽Gampsocleis gratiosa Brunner von Wattenwyl雄性附腺的结构及分泌蛋白的特性。结果表明,优雅蝈螽雄性附腺由3类腺管组成:乳白长腺管、透明腺管和乳白短腺管,腺管的管壁组织结构相似,从内到外依次为单层上皮细胞、基膜、肌肉层,不同腺管管腔分泌物H-E染色后呈现不同颜色。SDS-PAGE分析各种腺管的分泌蛋白具有特异性。
文摘为阐明优雅蝈螽Gampsocleis gratiosa Brunner von Wattenwyl雄性附腺的结构与功能的关系,本文利用透射电镜(transmission electron microscope,TEM)技术研究了优雅蝈螽雄性附腺的超微结构,利用微分干涉相差显微镜(differential interference contrast microscope,DIC)技术并结合雄性附腺匀浆提取物与精子束在体外的短暂培养,研究了优雅蝈螽雄性附腺对精子束的作用。结果表明:优雅蝈螽雄性附腺3类腺管组织结构相似,腺管管壁为单层上皮细胞,缺少内表皮,说明其来源于中胚层。上皮细胞富含粗面内质网、线粒体、高尔基体,具有分泌细胞的特点。腺管管腔中分泌物有4种形态,即电子透明的物质、电子致密的颗粒物质、细纤维状物质以及绒球状物质。上皮细胞的分泌方式主要有2种,即顶质分泌和局部分泌。乳白短腺管的匀浆提取物参与了帽状精子束解聚的过程,乳白长腺管和透明腺管的匀浆提取物有维持精子束活性的作用。本研究结果为进一步阐明螽斯雄性附腺的生理功能奠定了基础。
文摘利用透射电镜(TEM)技术研究了优雅蝈螽Gampsocleis gratiosa Brunner von Wattenwyl雄性附腺不同发育时期的超微结构.结果表明:优雅蝈螽雄性附腺乳白长腺管和乳白短腺管在末龄若虫期已分化形成腺管,透明腺管在羽化之后形成腺管.优雅蝈螽雄性附腺在发育过程中,上皮细胞中的细胞器表现出由分散到集中和由少到多的趋势;腺管管腔中的分泌物由少到多,成熟期分泌物充满整个管腔.
