Background and Objectives: Permanent reduction of unwanted hair on skin types V and VI is the most challenging procedure among all hair removal technologies based on selective absorption of light or laser. The objecti...Background and Objectives: Permanent reduction of unwanted hair on skin types V and VI is the most challenging procedure among all hair removal technologies based on selective absorption of light or laser. The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a low energy pulsed-light device combined with galvanic energy, intended for home-use hair removal on dark skin. Materials and Methods: Fifteen women with skin types V and VI and dark terminal hair in axillaarea self-administrated 6 treatments at 2 week intervals, using a hand-held IPL combined with galvanicenergy device, using HPL (Home Pulsed Light) technology. Hair count and photographs were performed pre-treatment and 1 and 3 months after the last sixth treatment. Adverse events and subject satisfaction scores were recorded. Results: All patients showed a positive clinical response to treatment, with reduction of unwanted hair. Hair counts were significantly reduced by 57.3% 1 month following last treatment and by 44.5% 3 months following last treatment. No adverse events were recorded. Subject satisfaction scores of the device usability and the treatment outcome were high. Conclusions: Low energy pulsed light combined with galvanic energy may be applied safely and effectively for at-home hair removal for people with dark skin types V and VI.展开更多
Some thermodynamic parnmeters of Pd-In alloys with 2 to 70 at. H indium have been determined in the temperuture range 800 to 1000℃ from e.m.f measurements ongalvanic cells with an onsen-cotzducting solid electrolyte....Some thermodynamic parnmeters of Pd-In alloys with 2 to 70 at. H indium have been determined in the temperuture range 800 to 1000℃ from e.m.f measurements ongalvanic cells with an onsen-cotzducting solid electrolyte. Heats of tnising calculated hem the activities are in excellent agreement with calorimetric data. The relative partial excess hee enengy of indiurn assumes unnsually larpe negative values ap to-174kJ/mol for Pd-rich alloys. Two efficts are discussed to account for the non-idealproperties: The rise Of Fermi enerpy as the valence electron8 of indium enter the 4dand 5sP bands of the alloy and the lattice distortion brought about by the differentmolar volumes of the cofnponents. The rise of the Fermi enerpy, as determlned fromthe activity data, indicates a strict adherence of the alloys to the rigid band model.展开更多
The galvanic corrosion of the Q-phase/Al couple in 0.1 M NaCl solutions has been studied using the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET)f the scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET) and energy disper...The galvanic corrosion of the Q-phase/Al couple in 0.1 M NaCl solutions has been studied using the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET)f the scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The galvanic corrosion of the Q-phase/Al couple was found to be dependent on pH and immersion time. Current density maps obtained by SVET shows that the anodic oxidation processes emerge from Al in a localized manner in pH 2 and 6 solutions but is initiated in a uniform manner in pH 13 solution, whereas, the cathodic processes are more homogeneously distributed over the Q-phase at pH 2.6 and 13. It is seen that the Q-phase remains cathodic in the Q-phase/Al couple in acidic, neutral and alkaline solutions indicating that the galvanic polarity of the Q-phase is independent of pH. The effect of the galvanic corrosion was largest at pH 2 and 13 compared to pH 6. The pH map obtained by SIET indicates that the galvanic activity of the Q-phase/Al couple proceeds via heavy alkalization of the Q-phase surface with the generation of appreciable amounts of OH~ ions. The enrichment of Cu indicated by EDX is responsible for the observed cathodic activity of the Q-phase in the Q-phase/Al couple.展开更多
文摘Background and Objectives: Permanent reduction of unwanted hair on skin types V and VI is the most challenging procedure among all hair removal technologies based on selective absorption of light or laser. The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a low energy pulsed-light device combined with galvanic energy, intended for home-use hair removal on dark skin. Materials and Methods: Fifteen women with skin types V and VI and dark terminal hair in axillaarea self-administrated 6 treatments at 2 week intervals, using a hand-held IPL combined with galvanicenergy device, using HPL (Home Pulsed Light) technology. Hair count and photographs were performed pre-treatment and 1 and 3 months after the last sixth treatment. Adverse events and subject satisfaction scores were recorded. Results: All patients showed a positive clinical response to treatment, with reduction of unwanted hair. Hair counts were significantly reduced by 57.3% 1 month following last treatment and by 44.5% 3 months following last treatment. No adverse events were recorded. Subject satisfaction scores of the device usability and the treatment outcome were high. Conclusions: Low energy pulsed light combined with galvanic energy may be applied safely and effectively for at-home hair removal for people with dark skin types V and VI.
文摘Some thermodynamic parnmeters of Pd-In alloys with 2 to 70 at. H indium have been determined in the temperuture range 800 to 1000℃ from e.m.f measurements ongalvanic cells with an onsen-cotzducting solid electrolyte. Heats of tnising calculated hem the activities are in excellent agreement with calorimetric data. The relative partial excess hee enengy of indiurn assumes unnsually larpe negative values ap to-174kJ/mol for Pd-rich alloys. Two efficts are discussed to account for the non-idealproperties: The rise Of Fermi enerpy as the valence electron8 of indium enter the 4dand 5sP bands of the alloy and the lattice distortion brought about by the differentmolar volumes of the cofnponents. The rise of the Fermi enerpy, as determlned fromthe activity data, indicates a strict adherence of the alloys to the rigid band model.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51571201)
文摘The galvanic corrosion of the Q-phase/Al couple in 0.1 M NaCl solutions has been studied using the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET)f the scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The galvanic corrosion of the Q-phase/Al couple was found to be dependent on pH and immersion time. Current density maps obtained by SVET shows that the anodic oxidation processes emerge from Al in a localized manner in pH 2 and 6 solutions but is initiated in a uniform manner in pH 13 solution, whereas, the cathodic processes are more homogeneously distributed over the Q-phase at pH 2.6 and 13. It is seen that the Q-phase remains cathodic in the Q-phase/Al couple in acidic, neutral and alkaline solutions indicating that the galvanic polarity of the Q-phase is independent of pH. The effect of the galvanic corrosion was largest at pH 2 and 13 compared to pH 6. The pH map obtained by SIET indicates that the galvanic activity of the Q-phase/Al couple proceeds via heavy alkalization of the Q-phase surface with the generation of appreciable amounts of OH~ ions. The enrichment of Cu indicated by EDX is responsible for the observed cathodic activity of the Q-phase in the Q-phase/Al couple.
