Normally the mass of a root has a uniform distribution but some have different uniform distributions named Generalized Uniform Distribution (GUD). The characterization result based on expectation of function of random...Normally the mass of a root has a uniform distribution but some have different uniform distributions named Generalized Uniform Distribution (GUD). The characterization result based on expectation of function of random variable has been obtained for generalized uniform distribution. Applications are given for illustrative purpose including a special case of uniform distribution.展开更多
Objectives: To understand genital ulcer disease(GUD) among patients attending sexually transmitteddisease (STD) clinics in Guangzhou, China, and itsassociation with HIV infection.Methods: Between September 9th, 1997 a...Objectives: To understand genital ulcer disease(GUD) among patients attending sexually transmitteddisease (STD) clinics in Guangzhou, China, and itsassociation with HIV infection.Methods: Between September 9th, 1997 and Octo-ber 30th, 2002, 8 962 patients with STDs wereevaluated. 285 patients were diagnosed with GUD basedon clinical manifestations and microbiologic evalua-tions including dark field microscopy and serologytest for syphilis (RPR, TPPA). Swabs of each genitalulcer were processed in a multiplex PCR assay (M-PCR) for simultaneous detection of Herpes simplexvirus (HSV), Treponema pallium, and Haemophilusducreyi. Other STDs were classified by routine diag-nostic criteria, including microscopy or culture forNeisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis,Urea- plasma urealyticum, Human papillomavirus,Trichomonas, etc.Results: Of the 8 962 patients with STDs, the HIVseroprevalence in patients with and without GUD was1.75% (5/285) and 1.53% (133/8677), respectively,with no statistically significant difference (χ 2=0.09,P>0.05; OR=1.15, 95%CI=0.47-2.81) . HIVseroprevalence in patients with syphilis, genital her-pes and other STDs was 2.81% (22/784), 0.74% (6/814) and 1.49% (110/7 364), respectively. Prevalencein patients with syphilis was significantly higher thanthat in patients with genital herpes and other STDs,(χ 2=9.92, P<0.005, OR=3.89, 95%CI=1.67-9.05;χ 2=7.66, P<0.001, OR=1.90, 95%CI=1.21-3.00).Conclusions: The study shows that the HIV sero-prevalence in this population of patients with GUDis very low. The results also indicate an associationbetween syphilis and HIV infection. The relationshipbetween genital herpes and HIV infection needsfurther research.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the etiology of genital ulcerdisease (GUD) among patients attending sexuallytransmitted disease (STD) clinics in Guangzhou, China. Methods: Between September 8, 1998, and August 9,2001, 267 p...Objective: To investigate the etiology of genital ulcerdisease (GUD) among patients attending sexuallytransmitted disease (STD) clinics in Guangzhou, China. Methods: Between September 8, 1998, and August 9,2001, 267 patients with a genital ulcer were clinicallyassessed. Clinical etiology of GUD was dependent onphysical appearance and microbiologic examination,including the following: dark field microscopy and serologyfor Treponema pallidum (TP), swabs of genital ulcer forHerpes simplex virus (HSV), processed quantitativefluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) forsimultaneous detection of HSV, TP, Haemophilus ducreyi(HD), Human papillomavirus (HPV), and serology for HIVinfection. Results: Two hundred thirty men and thirty-sevenwomen with a median age of 33.4 (range 16-74 years) wereanalyzed. The etiology of GUD was syphilis (26.59%)(71/267), genital herpes (17.60%) (47/267), condylomataacuminata (4.87%) (13/267), candidiasis (3.37%) (9/267),bacterial infection (3.75%) (10/267), and multiple infection(6.74%) (18/267). The seroprevalence of HIV was 0.75%(2/267). No etiology was identified in 50.56% (135/267). Conclusion: The etiology of GUD among STD patients inour area was multifactorial with a predominance of syphilisand genital herpes. Based on this limited data obtained atSTD clinics, HIV infection was not common.展开更多
Objectives: To develop a method of simultaneous PCR detection of Haemophilus ducreyi, Treponema pallidum, andHerpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2 from genital ulcersamong patients attending STD clinics in Guangzhou, Chi...Objectives: To develop a method of simultaneous PCR detection of Haemophilus ducreyi, Treponema pallidum, andHerpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2 from genital ulcersamong patients attending STD clinics in Guangzhou, China;and evaluate the clinical application of multiplex PCR (M-PCR) assay for diagnosing the etiology of genital ulcerdiseases (GUD). Methods: 244 patients with a genital ulcer were evaluated.Clinical etiology of GUD was based on physical appearanceand microbiologic evaluations that included darkfieldmicroscopy examination (D-F) and serology test for syphilis(STS). Swabs of each genital ulcer were tested for HSVantigen by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and processed in anM-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of T pallidum, HSVand H ducreyi. Results: The standard strains of T pallidum, HSV and Hducreyi were amplified by M-PCR, producing amplifiedproducts of 260bp,432bp,170bp, respectively. The sensitivityof M-PCR is 10~2 pg DNA. M-PCR assay for T.pallidum, HSVand H ducreyi showed good agreement en compared with D-F detection for T pallidum, STS, H ducreyi culture and EIAfor HSV antigen (Kappa scores are 0.774,0.704,0.793,0.756,respectively). Conclusions: The M-PCR is a convenient, accurate andreliable assay for the detection of T pallidum, HSV and Hducreyi from genital ulcers, and can be used as a method ofdiagnosing the etiology of GUD.展开更多
The disturbance torque generated via solar array drive assembly(SADA) can significantly degrade the key performance of satellite.The discussed SADA is composed of a two-phase hybrid stepping motor and a set of two-sta...The disturbance torque generated via solar array drive assembly(SADA) can significantly degrade the key performance of satellite.The discussed SADA is composed of a two-phase hybrid stepping motor and a set of two-stage straight gear reducer. Firstly, the vibration equation of the two-phase hybrid stepping motor is established via simplifying and linearizing the electromagnetic torque.Secondly, based on the vibration equation established, the disturbance torque model of SADA is created via force analysis and force system simplification. Thirdly, for precisely ground measuring the disturbance torque aroused by SADA, a measurement system,including a strain micro-vibrations measurement platform(SMMP) and a set of gravity unloading device(GUD), is designed.Fourthly, the proposed disturbance torque model is validated by measuring and simulating the disturbance torque produced via SADA driving rigid load through GUD. The results indicate that, the proposed disturbance torque model holds the ability to describe the disturbance torque caused by SADA with high precision. Finally, the disturbance torque emitted by SADA driving a flexible load, designed to simulate solar array, is modeled and simulated via using fixed-interface mode synthesis method(FIMSM). All the conclusions drawn from this article do have a meaningful help for studying the disturbance torque produced by SADA driving solar array on orbit.展开更多
针对移动自组织网络(mobile Ad hoc network,MANET)与Internet互联时的网关选择问题,提出一种基于Jelger算法的多因素网关选择算法来进行网关选择和切换。该算法综合考虑跳数、网关效益、通信成本等约束对网关选择的影响,在此基础上构...针对移动自组织网络(mobile Ad hoc network,MANET)与Internet互联时的网关选择问题,提出一种基于Jelger算法的多因素网关选择算法来进行网关选择和切换。该算法综合考虑跳数、网关效益、通信成本等约束对网关选择的影响,在此基础上构建目标函数,引入网关选择度量——网关可用度(GUD)来完成网关的选择和切换。仿真结果表明,该算法能够有效改善Jelger算法引起的网关频繁切换问题和负载不均衡问题,减少网关切换次数,降低了传输时延和网络负载,提高了网络性能。展开更多
文摘Normally the mass of a root has a uniform distribution but some have different uniform distributions named Generalized Uniform Distribution (GUD). The characterization result based on expectation of function of random variable has been obtained for generalized uniform distribution. Applications are given for illustrative purpose including a special case of uniform distribution.
基金Financially supported by Guangdong Key project Foun-dation (No. 99049), and Medical Research Foundation ofGuangdong Province (No. B2001100).
文摘Objectives: To understand genital ulcer disease(GUD) among patients attending sexually transmitteddisease (STD) clinics in Guangzhou, China, and itsassociation with HIV infection.Methods: Between September 9th, 1997 and Octo-ber 30th, 2002, 8 962 patients with STDs wereevaluated. 285 patients were diagnosed with GUD basedon clinical manifestations and microbiologic evalua-tions including dark field microscopy and serologytest for syphilis (RPR, TPPA). Swabs of each genitalulcer were processed in a multiplex PCR assay (M-PCR) for simultaneous detection of Herpes simplexvirus (HSV), Treponema pallium, and Haemophilusducreyi. Other STDs were classified by routine diag-nostic criteria, including microscopy or culture forNeisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis,Urea- plasma urealyticum, Human papillomavirus,Trichomonas, etc.Results: Of the 8 962 patients with STDs, the HIVseroprevalence in patients with and without GUD was1.75% (5/285) and 1.53% (133/8677), respectively,with no statistically significant difference (χ 2=0.09,P>0.05; OR=1.15, 95%CI=0.47-2.81) . HIVseroprevalence in patients with syphilis, genital her-pes and other STDs was 2.81% (22/784), 0.74% (6/814) and 1.49% (110/7 364), respectively. Prevalencein patients with syphilis was significantly higher thanthat in patients with genital herpes and other STDs,(χ 2=9.92, P<0.005, OR=3.89, 95%CI=1.67-9.05;χ 2=7.66, P<0.001, OR=1.90, 95%CI=1.21-3.00).Conclusions: The study shows that the HIV sero-prevalence in this population of patients with GUDis very low. The results also indicate an associationbetween syphilis and HIV infection. The relationshipbetween genital herpes and HIV infection needsfurther research.
文摘Objective: To investigate the etiology of genital ulcerdisease (GUD) among patients attending sexuallytransmitted disease (STD) clinics in Guangzhou, China. Methods: Between September 8, 1998, and August 9,2001, 267 patients with a genital ulcer were clinicallyassessed. Clinical etiology of GUD was dependent onphysical appearance and microbiologic examination,including the following: dark field microscopy and serologyfor Treponema pallidum (TP), swabs of genital ulcer forHerpes simplex virus (HSV), processed quantitativefluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) forsimultaneous detection of HSV, TP, Haemophilus ducreyi(HD), Human papillomavirus (HPV), and serology for HIVinfection. Results: Two hundred thirty men and thirty-sevenwomen with a median age of 33.4 (range 16-74 years) wereanalyzed. The etiology of GUD was syphilis (26.59%)(71/267), genital herpes (17.60%) (47/267), condylomataacuminata (4.87%) (13/267), candidiasis (3.37%) (9/267),bacterial infection (3.75%) (10/267), and multiple infection(6.74%) (18/267). The seroprevalence of HIV was 0.75%(2/267). No etiology was identified in 50.56% (135/267). Conclusion: The etiology of GUD among STD patients inour area was multifactorial with a predominance of syphilisand genital herpes. Based on this limited data obtained atSTD clinics, HIV infection was not common.
基金Financially supported by Foundation for Major Projects of Guangdong Province(No.99049)Medical Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.B2001100)
文摘Objectives: To develop a method of simultaneous PCR detection of Haemophilus ducreyi, Treponema pallidum, andHerpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2 from genital ulcersamong patients attending STD clinics in Guangzhou, China;and evaluate the clinical application of multiplex PCR (M-PCR) assay for diagnosing the etiology of genital ulcerdiseases (GUD). Methods: 244 patients with a genital ulcer were evaluated.Clinical etiology of GUD was based on physical appearanceand microbiologic evaluations that included darkfieldmicroscopy examination (D-F) and serology test for syphilis(STS). Swabs of each genital ulcer were tested for HSVantigen by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and processed in anM-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of T pallidum, HSVand H ducreyi. Results: The standard strains of T pallidum, HSV and Hducreyi were amplified by M-PCR, producing amplifiedproducts of 260bp,432bp,170bp, respectively. The sensitivityof M-PCR is 10~2 pg DNA. M-PCR assay for T.pallidum, HSVand H ducreyi showed good agreement en compared with D-F detection for T pallidum, STS, H ducreyi culture and EIAfor HSV antigen (Kappa scores are 0.774,0.704,0.793,0.756,respectively). Conclusions: The M-PCR is a convenient, accurate andreliable assay for the detection of T pallidum, HSV and Hducreyi from genital ulcers, and can be used as a method ofdiagnosing the etiology of GUD.
文摘The disturbance torque generated via solar array drive assembly(SADA) can significantly degrade the key performance of satellite.The discussed SADA is composed of a two-phase hybrid stepping motor and a set of two-stage straight gear reducer. Firstly, the vibration equation of the two-phase hybrid stepping motor is established via simplifying and linearizing the electromagnetic torque.Secondly, based on the vibration equation established, the disturbance torque model of SADA is created via force analysis and force system simplification. Thirdly, for precisely ground measuring the disturbance torque aroused by SADA, a measurement system,including a strain micro-vibrations measurement platform(SMMP) and a set of gravity unloading device(GUD), is designed.Fourthly, the proposed disturbance torque model is validated by measuring and simulating the disturbance torque produced via SADA driving rigid load through GUD. The results indicate that, the proposed disturbance torque model holds the ability to describe the disturbance torque caused by SADA with high precision. Finally, the disturbance torque emitted by SADA driving a flexible load, designed to simulate solar array, is modeled and simulated via using fixed-interface mode synthesis method(FIMSM). All the conclusions drawn from this article do have a meaningful help for studying the disturbance torque produced by SADA driving solar array on orbit.
文摘针对移动自组织网络(mobile Ad hoc network,MANET)与Internet互联时的网关选择问题,提出一种基于Jelger算法的多因素网关选择算法来进行网关选择和切换。该算法综合考虑跳数、网关效益、通信成本等约束对网关选择的影响,在此基础上构建目标函数,引入网关选择度量——网关可用度(GUD)来完成网关的选择和切换。仿真结果表明,该算法能够有效改善Jelger算法引起的网关频繁切换问题和负载不均衡问题,减少网关切换次数,降低了传输时延和网络负载,提高了网络性能。
