The antioxidant enzyme activity and malondialdehyde(MDA) content of Cephalothrix hongkongiensis were studied to assess variations in the biochemical/physiological parameters of nemerteans under heavy metal stress.Worm...The antioxidant enzyme activity and malondialdehyde(MDA) content of Cephalothrix hongkongiensis were studied to assess variations in the biochemical/physiological parameters of nemerteans under heavy metal stress.Worms were exposed to copper,zinc and cadmium solutions at different concentrations,and the activity of three antioxidant enzymes,catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and glutathione peroxidase(GPX),and MDA content were measured.The results show that the activity of each enzyme changed immediately after exposure to heavy metals.CAT was invariably inhibited throughout the experimental period,while the SOD activity was significantly elevated by exposure to Cu^(2+) for 48h,but then decreased.SOD was inhibited by Zn^(2+) during the first 12h of exposure,but activated when exposed for longer periods.Under Cd^(2+) stress,SOD activity decreased within 72h.GPX activity varied greatly,being significantly increased by both Cu^(2+) and Zn^(2+),but significantly inhibited by Cd^(2+) in the first 12-24h after exposure.MDA content increased on Cu^(2+) exposure,but normally decreased on Zn^(2+) exposure.MDA content followed an increase-decrease-increase pattern under Cd^(2+) stress.In conclusion,the antioxidant system of this nemertean is sensitive to heavy metals,and its CAT activity may be a potential biomarker for monitoring heavy metal levels in the environment.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the antioxidative status of patients with alcoholic liver disease(ALD) in southeastern Taiwan.METHODS:Our study comprised 27 patients with ALD recruited from Taitung Mackay Memorial Hospital,located...AIM:To investigate the antioxidative status of patients with alcoholic liver disease(ALD) in southeastern Taiwan.METHODS:Our study comprised 27 patients with ALD recruited from Taitung Mackay Memorial Hospital,located in southeastern Taiwan.Patients with ALD included 12 non-aborigines(12 men) and 15 aborigines(11 men and 4 women).According to the severity of ALD,patients with ALD included 10 with hepatitis(9 men and 1 woman) and 17 with cirrhosis(14 men and 3 women).Twenty-two age-and gender-matched healthy adultsserved as the control group in this study.Venous blood(10 mL) of each subject was drawn into EDTA-containing tubes after 8 h overnight fasting.RESULTS:Compared to the control group,patients with ALD showed significantly lower erythrocytic catalase(11.1 ± 0.7 U/mg Hb vs 8.0 ± 0.7 U/mg Hb,P < 0.05) and superoxide dismutase(9.5 ± 1.6 U/mg Hb vs 3.0 ± 0.2 U/mg Hb,P < 0.05) activities.Furthermore,the erythrocytic reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio was signif icantly lower in ALD patients than that in the control group(38.1 ± 5.4 vs 15.7 ± 1.9,P < 0.05).The results revealed that patients with ALD experienced more oxidative stress than those in the control group.The non-aboriginal,but not the aboriginal,ALD group had higher erythrocytic glutathione peroxidase(GPX) activity than that in the control group(46.1 ± 7.8 U/g Hb vs 27.9 ± 2.2 U/g Hb,P < 0.05).Hepatitis,but not cirrhosis,ALD patients had higher erythrocytic GPX activity than that in the control group(44.3 ± 8.6 U/g Hb vs 27.9 ± 2.2 U/g Hb,P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:Our results indicate that both ethnicity and the severity of ALD may cause different erythrocytic antioxidative enzyme activities especially GPX activity.展开更多
To investigate the effect of the water soluble fraction of crude oil(WSF) on marine bivalves, the scallop C hlamys farreri was exposed to three WSF concentrations(0.18 mg/L, 0.32 mg/L, and 0.51 mg/L, respectively) in ...To investigate the effect of the water soluble fraction of crude oil(WSF) on marine bivalves, the scallop C hlamys farreri was exposed to three WSF concentrations(0.18 mg/L, 0.32 mg/L, and 0.51 mg/L, respectively) in seawater. Petroleum hydrocarbon contents in scallops and a suite of enzymes [7-Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase(EROD), aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase(AHH), glutathione S-transferase(GST), and glutathione peroxidase(GPx)] in gills and digestive glands were monitored over 10 days. The results revealed that WSF affected the activity of the four enzymes in the gills and digestive glands. EROD activity in the gills was significantly induced in most individuals of the three test groups, while in the digestive gland it was significantly induced in the low-concentration group within 4 days but was inhibited in the middle- and high-concentration groups on days 1, 4, and 10. AHH activity in the gills of all treatment groups was significantly induced on day 1. In the digestive gland, AHH activity was induced in most individuals from the treatment groups. In all treatment groups, GST activity was significantly inhibited from days 2 to 10 in the gills and was induced after day 4 in the digestive gland. GPx activity in the gills was significantly inhibited throughout the exposure period in all treatment groups. There was no overall significant difference in GPx activity in the digestive gland between the control and treatment groups. Our results also revealed that petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations in the tissues increased linearly with exposure time. EROD activity in the digestive gland and GST and GPx activity in the gill tissue were negatively correlated with petroleum hydrocarbon body burden. These enzymes play important roles in detoxification and can act as potential biomarkers for monitoring petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants in the marine environment.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30270235)
文摘The antioxidant enzyme activity and malondialdehyde(MDA) content of Cephalothrix hongkongiensis were studied to assess variations in the biochemical/physiological parameters of nemerteans under heavy metal stress.Worms were exposed to copper,zinc and cadmium solutions at different concentrations,and the activity of three antioxidant enzymes,catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and glutathione peroxidase(GPX),and MDA content were measured.The results show that the activity of each enzyme changed immediately after exposure to heavy metals.CAT was invariably inhibited throughout the experimental period,while the SOD activity was significantly elevated by exposure to Cu^(2+) for 48h,but then decreased.SOD was inhibited by Zn^(2+) during the first 12h of exposure,but activated when exposed for longer periods.Under Cd^(2+) stress,SOD activity decreased within 72h.GPX activity varied greatly,being significantly increased by both Cu^(2+) and Zn^(2+),but significantly inhibited by Cd^(2+) in the first 12-24h after exposure.MDA content increased on Cu^(2+) exposure,but normally decreased on Zn^(2+) exposure.MDA content followed an increase-decrease-increase pattern under Cd^(2+) stress.In conclusion,the antioxidant system of this nemertean is sensitive to heavy metals,and its CAT activity may be a potential biomarker for monitoring heavy metal levels in the environment.
文摘AIM:To investigate the antioxidative status of patients with alcoholic liver disease(ALD) in southeastern Taiwan.METHODS:Our study comprised 27 patients with ALD recruited from Taitung Mackay Memorial Hospital,located in southeastern Taiwan.Patients with ALD included 12 non-aborigines(12 men) and 15 aborigines(11 men and 4 women).According to the severity of ALD,patients with ALD included 10 with hepatitis(9 men and 1 woman) and 17 with cirrhosis(14 men and 3 women).Twenty-two age-and gender-matched healthy adultsserved as the control group in this study.Venous blood(10 mL) of each subject was drawn into EDTA-containing tubes after 8 h overnight fasting.RESULTS:Compared to the control group,patients with ALD showed significantly lower erythrocytic catalase(11.1 ± 0.7 U/mg Hb vs 8.0 ± 0.7 U/mg Hb,P < 0.05) and superoxide dismutase(9.5 ± 1.6 U/mg Hb vs 3.0 ± 0.2 U/mg Hb,P < 0.05) activities.Furthermore,the erythrocytic reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio was signif icantly lower in ALD patients than that in the control group(38.1 ± 5.4 vs 15.7 ± 1.9,P < 0.05).The results revealed that patients with ALD experienced more oxidative stress than those in the control group.The non-aboriginal,but not the aboriginal,ALD group had higher erythrocytic glutathione peroxidase(GPX) activity than that in the control group(46.1 ± 7.8 U/g Hb vs 27.9 ± 2.2 U/g Hb,P < 0.05).Hepatitis,but not cirrhosis,ALD patients had higher erythrocytic GPX activity than that in the control group(44.3 ± 8.6 U/g Hb vs 27.9 ± 2.2 U/g Hb,P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:Our results indicate that both ethnicity and the severity of ALD may cause different erythrocytic antioxidative enzyme activities especially GPX activity.
基金Supported by the Taishan Scholar Programthe Marine Public Welfare Scientific Research Project of China(No.201105013)+2 种基金the Basic Scientific Fund of the First Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,China(No.2010T04)the Natural Science Foundation of State Oceanic Administration of China(No.2012534)the China Maritime Surveillance Operational Fund
文摘To investigate the effect of the water soluble fraction of crude oil(WSF) on marine bivalves, the scallop C hlamys farreri was exposed to three WSF concentrations(0.18 mg/L, 0.32 mg/L, and 0.51 mg/L, respectively) in seawater. Petroleum hydrocarbon contents in scallops and a suite of enzymes [7-Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase(EROD), aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase(AHH), glutathione S-transferase(GST), and glutathione peroxidase(GPx)] in gills and digestive glands were monitored over 10 days. The results revealed that WSF affected the activity of the four enzymes in the gills and digestive glands. EROD activity in the gills was significantly induced in most individuals of the three test groups, while in the digestive gland it was significantly induced in the low-concentration group within 4 days but was inhibited in the middle- and high-concentration groups on days 1, 4, and 10. AHH activity in the gills of all treatment groups was significantly induced on day 1. In the digestive gland, AHH activity was induced in most individuals from the treatment groups. In all treatment groups, GST activity was significantly inhibited from days 2 to 10 in the gills and was induced after day 4 in the digestive gland. GPx activity in the gills was significantly inhibited throughout the exposure period in all treatment groups. There was no overall significant difference in GPx activity in the digestive gland between the control and treatment groups. Our results also revealed that petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations in the tissues increased linearly with exposure time. EROD activity in the digestive gland and GST and GPx activity in the gill tissue were negatively correlated with petroleum hydrocarbon body burden. These enzymes play important roles in detoxification and can act as potential biomarkers for monitoring petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants in the marine environment.
