The liver is one of the most important organs in the body,performing a fundamental role in the regulationof diverse processes,among which the metabolism,secretion,storage,and detoxification of endogenous and exogenous...The liver is one of the most important organs in the body,performing a fundamental role in the regulationof diverse processes,among which the metabolism,secretion,storage,and detoxification of endogenous and exogenous substances are prominent.Due to these functions,hepatic diseases continue to be among the main threats to public health,and they remain problems throughout the world.Despite enormous advances in modern medicine,there are no completely effective drugs that stimulate hepatic function,that offer complete protection of the organ,or that help to regenerate hepatic cells.Thus,it is necessary to identify pharmaceutical alternatives for the treatment of liver diseases,with the aim of these alternatives being more effective and less toxic.The use of some plants and the consumption of different fruits have played basic roles in human health care,and diverse scientific investigations have indicated that,in those plants and fruits so identified,their beneficial effects can be attributed to the presence of chemical compounds that are called phytochemicals.The present review had as its objective the collecting of data based on research conducted into some fruits(grapefruit,cranberries,and grapes)and plants[cactus pear(nopal)and cactus pear fruit,chamomile,silymarin,and spirulina],which are consumed frequently by humans and which have demonstrated hepatoprotective capacity,as well as an analysis of a resin(propolis)and some phytochemicals extracted from fruits,plants,yeasts,and algae,which have been evaluated in different models of hepatotoxicity.展开更多
Whey and B-glucans are functional food ingredients that contribute to the prevention of non-communicable diseases. The objective of the study was to develop a functional beverage based on whey, B-glucans, and blackber...Whey and B-glucans are functional food ingredients that contribute to the prevention of non-communicable diseases. The objective of the study was to develop a functional beverage based on whey, B-glucans, and blackberry concentrate for the prevention of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, determining its sensory, physicochemical, and nutritional qualities. The following phases were developed: 1) formulation with 75%, 85%, and 90% whey and 25%, 15%, and 10% blackberry concentrate, with a fixed amount of 0.243 g β-glucans in 100 ml;2) microbiological analysis to ensure the safety of the beverage;3) sensory analysis with untrained panelists to assess the degree of preference (appearance, color, odor, flavor, viscosity, acidity, sweetness), and general acceptance, with a seven-point hedonic scale to rate the level of acceptability;4) physicochemical and nutritional characterization of the beverage with the highest acceptance. An experimental design using complete random blocks was employed. Data analysis was performed with variance (ANDEVA) and mean DUNCAN separation at a 95% confidence level, using SAS®. A correlation study was conducted on acceptance analysis. A nutritional label was developed for the control beverage and the treatment with the highest acceptance. The formulation with 75% whey, 25% blackberry concentrate, and 0.243 g of β-glucan obtained the highest acceptance, with flavor and sweetness being the attributes that contributed to its acceptance. Nutritionally, the beverage with 80 cal, would be considered fortified with fiber (2 g), free of cholesterol, sodium, and saturated fat, according to the Central American Technical Regulation on Nutritional Labeling (Version 67.01.60:10). It is recommended that the effect of this beverage be measured to determine the benefits.展开更多
目的:了解不同致龋力的变异链球菌临床分离株(593号高致龋力临床株和18号低致龋力临床株)在生物膜状态不同时间段合成胞外多糖的能力差异。方法:①在聚苯乙烯塑料片上分别形成3、12、20 h变异链球菌生物膜标本,用异硫氰酸荧光素标记的...目的:了解不同致龋力的变异链球菌临床分离株(593号高致龋力临床株和18号低致龋力临床株)在生物膜状态不同时间段合成胞外多糖的能力差异。方法:①在聚苯乙烯塑料片上分别形成3、12、20 h变异链球菌生物膜标本,用异硫氰酸荧光素标记的伴刀豆球蛋白A对其中的胞外多糖进行染色,激光共聚焦扫描显微镜观察。②采用静置法培养形成粘附生长的细菌,蒽酮法测定3～24 h其合成胞外多糖的量。结果:①胞外多糖与染料结合后发出绿色荧光,各时间段593号临床株绿色荧光的分布较18号临床株更致密和广泛。②3～20 h 593号临床株合成水溶性葡聚糖能力强于18号临床株(P<0.05);3～16 h 593号临床株合成水不溶性葡聚糖能力强于18号临床株(P<0.05);其他时间点二者合成胞外多糖的能力无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:在生物膜形成过程中两菌株合成胞外多糖量随时间延长而增加,593号临床株在生物膜形成早期3～16 h更强的合成胞外多糖能力(含水溶性和水不溶性葡聚糖),可能是其具高致龋力的原因之一。展开更多
文摘The liver is one of the most important organs in the body,performing a fundamental role in the regulationof diverse processes,among which the metabolism,secretion,storage,and detoxification of endogenous and exogenous substances are prominent.Due to these functions,hepatic diseases continue to be among the main threats to public health,and they remain problems throughout the world.Despite enormous advances in modern medicine,there are no completely effective drugs that stimulate hepatic function,that offer complete protection of the organ,or that help to regenerate hepatic cells.Thus,it is necessary to identify pharmaceutical alternatives for the treatment of liver diseases,with the aim of these alternatives being more effective and less toxic.The use of some plants and the consumption of different fruits have played basic roles in human health care,and diverse scientific investigations have indicated that,in those plants and fruits so identified,their beneficial effects can be attributed to the presence of chemical compounds that are called phytochemicals.The present review had as its objective the collecting of data based on research conducted into some fruits(grapefruit,cranberries,and grapes)and plants[cactus pear(nopal)and cactus pear fruit,chamomile,silymarin,and spirulina],which are consumed frequently by humans and which have demonstrated hepatoprotective capacity,as well as an analysis of a resin(propolis)and some phytochemicals extracted from fruits,plants,yeasts,and algae,which have been evaluated in different models of hepatotoxicity.
文摘Whey and B-glucans are functional food ingredients that contribute to the prevention of non-communicable diseases. The objective of the study was to develop a functional beverage based on whey, B-glucans, and blackberry concentrate for the prevention of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, determining its sensory, physicochemical, and nutritional qualities. The following phases were developed: 1) formulation with 75%, 85%, and 90% whey and 25%, 15%, and 10% blackberry concentrate, with a fixed amount of 0.243 g β-glucans in 100 ml;2) microbiological analysis to ensure the safety of the beverage;3) sensory analysis with untrained panelists to assess the degree of preference (appearance, color, odor, flavor, viscosity, acidity, sweetness), and general acceptance, with a seven-point hedonic scale to rate the level of acceptability;4) physicochemical and nutritional characterization of the beverage with the highest acceptance. An experimental design using complete random blocks was employed. Data analysis was performed with variance (ANDEVA) and mean DUNCAN separation at a 95% confidence level, using SAS®. A correlation study was conducted on acceptance analysis. A nutritional label was developed for the control beverage and the treatment with the highest acceptance. The formulation with 75% whey, 25% blackberry concentrate, and 0.243 g of β-glucan obtained the highest acceptance, with flavor and sweetness being the attributes that contributed to its acceptance. Nutritionally, the beverage with 80 cal, would be considered fortified with fiber (2 g), free of cholesterol, sodium, and saturated fat, according to the Central American Technical Regulation on Nutritional Labeling (Version 67.01.60:10). It is recommended that the effect of this beverage be measured to determine the benefits.
文摘目的:了解不同致龋力的变异链球菌临床分离株(593号高致龋力临床株和18号低致龋力临床株)在生物膜状态不同时间段合成胞外多糖的能力差异。方法:①在聚苯乙烯塑料片上分别形成3、12、20 h变异链球菌生物膜标本,用异硫氰酸荧光素标记的伴刀豆球蛋白A对其中的胞外多糖进行染色,激光共聚焦扫描显微镜观察。②采用静置法培养形成粘附生长的细菌,蒽酮法测定3～24 h其合成胞外多糖的量。结果:①胞外多糖与染料结合后发出绿色荧光,各时间段593号临床株绿色荧光的分布较18号临床株更致密和广泛。②3～20 h 593号临床株合成水溶性葡聚糖能力强于18号临床株(P<0.05);3～16 h 593号临床株合成水不溶性葡聚糖能力强于18号临床株(P<0.05);其他时间点二者合成胞外多糖的能力无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:在生物膜形成过程中两菌株合成胞外多糖量随时间延长而增加,593号临床株在生物膜形成早期3～16 h更强的合成胞外多糖能力(含水溶性和水不溶性葡聚糖),可能是其具高致龋力的原因之一。
