大脑梭状回中部被认为是视觉词形加工区(Visual Word Form Area,VWFA)。近年来的研究对VWFA的功能提出了质疑,研究者开始关注VWFA作为复杂阅读网络的一部分与其它脑区的动态联结机制,主要集中在三个方面:一是梭状回中部对于视觉词形选...大脑梭状回中部被认为是视觉词形加工区(Visual Word Form Area,VWFA)。近年来的研究对VWFA的功能提出了质疑,研究者开始关注VWFA作为复杂阅读网络的一部分与其它脑区的动态联结机制,主要集中在三个方面:一是梭状回中部对于视觉词形选择性敏感的本质;二是它在词汇阅读的神经网络中的作用;最后是语言经验对于VWFA认知神经功能的塑造作用。结合以上研究的最新进展,文中指明从动态神经网络的角度揭示大脑功能成为今后认知神经科学研究的最新取向。展开更多
目的:采用动态功能连接分析技术探讨孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患者右侧梭状回与全脑动态功能连接特点,并分析异常脑区的动态功能连接时间变异性与ASD主要症状的相关性。方法:将孤独症脑影像公开数据库ABIDE I和Ⅱ中美国纽约大学朗格尼医学中...目的:采用动态功能连接分析技术探讨孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患者右侧梭状回与全脑动态功能连接特点,并分析异常脑区的动态功能连接时间变异性与ASD主要症状的相关性。方法:将孤独症脑影像公开数据库ABIDE I和Ⅱ中美国纽约大学朗格尼医学中心收集的120例ASD患者和131名与之年龄相匹配的正常对照作为研究对象,利用滑动窗法,计算右侧梭状回与全脑动态功能连接的时间变异性,采用双样本t检验,以年龄、性别、利手及智商作为协变量,比较两组被试右侧梭状回与全脑动态功能连接时间变异性的差异,并将差异脑区动态功能连接时间变异值与ASD主要症状评分进行Spearman相关分析。结果:与正常对照相比,ASD组的右侧梭状回与右侧额中回、双侧内侧额中回、左侧背外侧额上回的动态功能连接时间变异性显著升高(Gaussian Random Field,GRF校正,体素水平P<0.005且团块水平P<0.05),差异脑区的动态功能连接时间变异值与ASD诊断观察量表(ADOS)重复刻板行为分数呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:ASD患者右侧梭状回与全脑动态功能连接变异值增高的脑区均属于社会脑组成部分,该发现为社会脑功能异常在ASD形成机制的研究中提供了新的依据。展开更多
BACKGROUND： The role of the left midfusiform gyrus as a target for visual word processing has been a topic of discussion. Numerous studies have utilized alphabetic writing for subject matter. However, few have addres...BACKGROUND： The role of the left midfusiform gyrus as a target for visual word processing has been a topic of discussion. Numerous studies have utilized alphabetic writing for subject matter. However, few have addressed visual processing of Chinese characters in the left midfusiform gyrus. OBJECTIVE： To verify visual processing of Chinese characters and images in the left midfusiform gyrus using functional magnetic resonance imaging. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A blocked design paradigm study. Experiments were performed at the Room of Magnetic Resonance, Guangdong Provincial Second People＇s Hospital, China from May to June 2009. PARTICIPANTS： A total of eight undergraduate students were recruited from Guangzhou University of China, comprising two females and six males, aged 20-23 years. The subjects were right-handed which was determined by a Chinese standard questionnaire. None of the subjects had a history of psychoneurosis, familial disease, color blindness, or color weakness. METHODS： A total of eight undergraduates were enrolled as subjects. Picture-naming and verb generation tasks were employed through the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging. Analysis of Functional Neurolmages software was used to process the data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Visual processing of Chinese characters and images in the left midfusiform gyrus was measured. RESULTS： Picture-naming and verb generation tasks were shown to significantly activate the bilateral midfusiform gyrus. Activation occurred in the visual word form area of the left midfusiform gyrus. CONCLUSION： The left midfusiform gyrus plays a general role in visual processing of Chinese characters and images.展开更多
It is well known that auditory cortical areas are activated by visual stimulation in the deaf. However, it is not known whether the information enters from the primary visual area or high-level visual areas. In this s...It is well known that auditory cortical areas are activated by visual stimulation in the deaf. However, it is not known whether the information enters from the primary visual area or high-level visual areas. In this study, we used visual language stimulation to examine visual-auditory functional connectivity. For this, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a congenitally deaf subject to localize areas in the auditory cortex that showed cross-modal reorganization for the processing of visual language inputs and estimate areas in the visual ventral stream, from which language signal inputs enter the auditory areas in the congenitally deaf. We found that the anterior region of the secondary auditory cortex in the superior temporal gyrus showed language-specific activation and that the visual inputs into the area were from the fusiform gyrus, which is a high-level visual area.展开更多
镜像等效或守恒是动物与人类个体对两侧对称自然物体的一种进化自适应加工。但是,这种知觉特性会妨碍包含镜像字符的文字阅读学习。阅读者有必要学会利用镜像泛化抑制的“去学习”机制,打破镜像等效或守恒,以获得识别镜像字符的能力。...镜像等效或守恒是动物与人类个体对两侧对称自然物体的一种进化自适应加工。但是,这种知觉特性会妨碍包含镜像字符的文字阅读学习。阅读者有必要学会利用镜像泛化抑制的“去学习”机制,打破镜像等效或守恒,以获得识别镜像字符的能力。这一过程中,左侧梭状回皮层通过与早期视觉皮层、顶叶皮层和口语脑网络的交互作用,逐渐发展出一个可以识别镜像字符的视觉词形区(visual word form area,VWFA)。今后的研究需要关注两半球及其连合纤维在镜像等效或守恒加工中的作用、镜像泛化与抑制的详尽加工机制及其对镜像书写的影响、正常汉语儿童的汉字镜像泛化加工等问题。展开更多
文摘大脑梭状回中部被认为是视觉词形加工区(Visual Word Form Area,VWFA)。近年来的研究对VWFA的功能提出了质疑,研究者开始关注VWFA作为复杂阅读网络的一部分与其它脑区的动态联结机制,主要集中在三个方面:一是梭状回中部对于视觉词形选择性敏感的本质;二是它在词汇阅读的神经网络中的作用;最后是语言经验对于VWFA认知神经功能的塑造作用。结合以上研究的最新进展,文中指明从动态神经网络的角度揭示大脑功能成为今后认知神经科学研究的最新取向。
文摘目的:采用动态功能连接分析技术探讨孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患者右侧梭状回与全脑动态功能连接特点,并分析异常脑区的动态功能连接时间变异性与ASD主要症状的相关性。方法:将孤独症脑影像公开数据库ABIDE I和Ⅱ中美国纽约大学朗格尼医学中心收集的120例ASD患者和131名与之年龄相匹配的正常对照作为研究对象,利用滑动窗法,计算右侧梭状回与全脑动态功能连接的时间变异性,采用双样本t检验,以年龄、性别、利手及智商作为协变量,比较两组被试右侧梭状回与全脑动态功能连接时间变异性的差异,并将差异脑区动态功能连接时间变异值与ASD主要症状评分进行Spearman相关分析。结果:与正常对照相比,ASD组的右侧梭状回与右侧额中回、双侧内侧额中回、左侧背外侧额上回的动态功能连接时间变异性显著升高(Gaussian Random Field,GRF校正,体素水平P<0.005且团块水平P<0.05),差异脑区的动态功能连接时间变异值与ASD诊断观察量表(ADOS)重复刻板行为分数呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:ASD患者右侧梭状回与全脑动态功能连接变异值增高的脑区均属于社会脑组成部分,该发现为社会脑功能异常在ASD形成机制的研究中提供了新的依据。
基金the Key Programming Research Project of Education Science During the 11~(th) Five-Year Plan Period of Guangdong Province, No. 06TJZ014the Programming Project of Education Science During the 11~(th) Five-Year Plan Period of Guangzhou City, No. 07B290
文摘BACKGROUND： The role of the left midfusiform gyrus as a target for visual word processing has been a topic of discussion. Numerous studies have utilized alphabetic writing for subject matter. However, few have addressed visual processing of Chinese characters in the left midfusiform gyrus. OBJECTIVE： To verify visual processing of Chinese characters and images in the left midfusiform gyrus using functional magnetic resonance imaging. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A blocked design paradigm study. Experiments were performed at the Room of Magnetic Resonance, Guangdong Provincial Second People＇s Hospital, China from May to June 2009. PARTICIPANTS： A total of eight undergraduate students were recruited from Guangzhou University of China, comprising two females and six males, aged 20-23 years. The subjects were right-handed which was determined by a Chinese standard questionnaire. None of the subjects had a history of psychoneurosis, familial disease, color blindness, or color weakness. METHODS： A total of eight undergraduates were enrolled as subjects. Picture-naming and verb generation tasks were employed through the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging. Analysis of Functional Neurolmages software was used to process the data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Visual processing of Chinese characters and images in the left midfusiform gyrus was measured. RESULTS： Picture-naming and verb generation tasks were shown to significantly activate the bilateral midfusiform gyrus. Activation occurred in the visual word form area of the left midfusiform gyrus. CONCLUSION： The left midfusiform gyrus plays a general role in visual processing of Chinese characters and images.
文摘It is well known that auditory cortical areas are activated by visual stimulation in the deaf. However, it is not known whether the information enters from the primary visual area or high-level visual areas. In this study, we used visual language stimulation to examine visual-auditory functional connectivity. For this, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a congenitally deaf subject to localize areas in the auditory cortex that showed cross-modal reorganization for the processing of visual language inputs and estimate areas in the visual ventral stream, from which language signal inputs enter the auditory areas in the congenitally deaf. We found that the anterior region of the secondary auditory cortex in the superior temporal gyrus showed language-specific activation and that the visual inputs into the area were from the fusiform gyrus, which is a high-level visual area.
文摘镜像等效或守恒是动物与人类个体对两侧对称自然物体的一种进化自适应加工。但是,这种知觉特性会妨碍包含镜像字符的文字阅读学习。阅读者有必要学会利用镜像泛化抑制的“去学习”机制,打破镜像等效或守恒,以获得识别镜像字符的能力。这一过程中,左侧梭状回皮层通过与早期视觉皮层、顶叶皮层和口语脑网络的交互作用,逐渐发展出一个可以识别镜像字符的视觉词形区(visual word form area,VWFA)。今后的研究需要关注两半球及其连合纤维在镜像等效或守恒加工中的作用、镜像泛化与抑制的详尽加工机制及其对镜像书写的影响、正常汉语儿童的汉字镜像泛化加工等问题。
