This study has investigated the suitable drip irrigation scheduling for tomato grown in solar greenhouse based on 20-cm pan evaporation （Epan） in North China Plain. Irrigation treatments included three irrigation fr...This study has investigated the suitable drip irrigation scheduling for tomato grown in solar greenhouse based on 20-cm pan evaporation （Epan） in North China Plain. Irrigation treatments included three irrigation frequencies （11 10, 12 20 and 13 30 mm, and irrigation interval of 2-6 d for 11, 4-9 d for 12 and 8-12 d for 13） based on accumulated pan evaporation （Epan）, and four plant-pan coefficients （Kcp1 0.5, Kcp2 0.7, Kcp3 0.9 and Kcp4 1.1）. Results indicate that total irrigation amount, seasonal crop evapotranspiration （ET） and tomato yield （Y） were 185.1-365.8 mm, 249.1-388.0 mm and 99.6-151.8 t ha^-1, respectively. Irrigation frequency and amount increased the yield, and second-degree polynomial relationship was found between Y and ET （R2=0.8671）. Irrigation frequency did not increase mean fruit weight, diameter and length significantly but increased fruit number, total soluble solids content （TSS）, TSS yield, fruit firmness and water use efficiency （WUE） and irrigation WUE （IWUE） significantly. Irrigation amount increased external quality of tomato but reduced TSS content, TSS yield, fruit firmness, WUE and IWUE significantly. Kep3 and gep4 treatments had the highest fruit yield, but Kep2 and Kep3 treatments had the highest WUE. 11Kcp3 treatment （irrigation interval of 2-6 d, and Kop=0.9） had higher IWUE, WUE, external quality, yield, and TSS yield, so it is recommended as the suitable irrigation scheduling for tomato grown in solar greenhouse in North China Plain.展开更多
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of applying different amounts of water and nitrogen on yield, fruit quality, water use efficiency （WUE）, irrigation water use efficiency （IWUE） and nitrog...The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of applying different amounts of water and nitrogen on yield, fruit quality, water use efficiency （WUE）, irrigation water use efficiency （IWUE） and nitrogen use efficiency （NUE） of drip-irrigated greenhouse tomatoes in northwestern China. The plants were irrigated every seven days at various proportions of 20-cm pan evaporation （Ep）. The experiment consisted of three irrigation levels （11, 50% Ep; 12, 75% Ep; and 13, 100% Ep） and three N application levels （N1, 150 kg N ha^-1; N2, 250 kg N ha^-1;and N3, 350 kg N ha^-1）. Tomato yield increased with the amount of applied irrigation water in 12 and then decreased in 13. WUE and IWUE were the highest in Ii. WUE was 16.5% lower in 12 than that in I1, but yield was 26.6% higher in 12 than that in I1. Tomato yield, WUE, and IWUE were significantly higher in N2 than that in N1 and N3. NUIE decreased with increasing N levels but NUE increased with increase the amount of water applied. Increasing both water and N levels increased the foliar net photosynthetic rate. I1 and 12 treatments significantly increased the contents of total soluble solids （TSS）, vitamin C （VC）, lycopene, soluble sugars （SS）, and organic acids （OA） and the sugar：acid ratio in the fruit and decreased the nitrate content. TSS, VC, lycopene, and SS contents were the highest in N2. The harvest index （HI） was the highest in 12N2. 12N2 provided the optimal combination of tomato yield, fruit quality, and WUE. The irrigation and fertilisation regime of 75% Ep and 250 kg N ha^-1 was the best strategy of water and N management for the production of drip-irrigated greenhouse tomato.展开更多
为了研究番茄各器官中可溶性糖和蔗糖含量、叶片中游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量、不同器官干物质分配比例及番茄果实品质对昼夜温差的响应规律，该研究以番茄品种“金冠5号”（Solanum lycopersicum cv. Jinguan5）为试材，于2012年9月-2...为了研究番茄各器官中可溶性糖和蔗糖含量、叶片中游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量、不同器官干物质分配比例及番茄果实品质对昼夜温差的响应规律，该研究以番茄品种“金冠5号”（Solanum lycopersicum cv. Jinguan5）为试材，于2012年9月-2013年7月在南京信息工程大学设计日均气温为18和25℃，昼夜温差（difference between day and night temperature，DIF）为12℃（白天24℃/晚上12℃，31℃/19℃）、6℃（21℃/15℃，28℃/22℃）、0（18℃/18℃，25℃/25℃）共6个处理的人工环境控制试验，结果表明：日均气温18℃时，叶片中的游离氨基酸总量和可溶性蛋白、果实中的可溶性糖和蔗糖含量均以12℃温差处理最高，0温差处理最低；而果实中的有机酸含量以12℃温差处理最低；日均气温25℃时，果实中的可溶性糖和蔗糖含量以6℃温差处理最高。叶片中的游离氨基酸总量、幼果期和采收期叶片的可溶性蛋白含量均以6℃温差处理最高。维生素 C、可溶性蛋白和番茄红素在日均气温18℃时则与有机酸含量趋势相反。干物质在果实中的分配比例在日均气温18和25℃时，均以6℃温差处理最大，12℃温差处理最小。研究认为在日均气温18℃条件下，昼夜温差0～12℃范围内，昼夜温差越大，果实中可溶性糖、蔗糖的积累越多，游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量越高，果实品质更佳，在日均气温25℃条件下，以6℃温差处理下果实内在品质最佳；相同昼夜温差，25℃日均气温处理下的果实内在品质优于18℃日均气温处理；在最适温度范围内，适当增加昼夜温差有利于可溶性糖、蔗糖和干物质向果实中转移，温差过高或过低不利于果实营养物质及干物质积累。展开更多
Chlorination has been recognized as an efficient and economically favorable method for treating clogging in drip emitters caused by biological growth during sewage application. Further important criteria for determini...Chlorination has been recognized as an efficient and economically favorable method for treating clogging in drip emitters caused by biological growth during sewage application. Further important criteria for determining an optimal chlorination scheme are the different responses of crops to the chloride added into the soil through chlorination. During two seasons in 2008 and 2009, field experiments were conducted in a solar-heated greenhouse with drip irrigation systems applying secondary sewage effluent to tomato plants to investigate the influences of chlorine injection intervals and levels on plant growth, yield, fruit quality, and emitter clogging. Injection intervals ranging from 2 to 8 wk and injection concentrations ranging 2-50 mg L-1 of free chlorine residual at the end of the laterals were used. For the 2008 experiments, the yield from the treatments of sewage application with chlorination was 7.5% lower than the yield from the treatment of sewage application without chlorination, while the yields for the treatments with and without chlorination were similar for the 2009 experiments. The statistical tests indicated that neither the chlorine injection intervals and concentrations nor the interactions between the two significantly influenced plant height, leaf area, or tomato yield for both years. The qualities of the fruit in response to chlorination were parameter-dependent. Chlorination did not significantly influence the quality of ascorbic acid, soluble sugar, or soluble acids, but the interaction between the chlorine injection interval and the chlorine concentration significantly influenced the levels of soluble solids. It was also confirmed that chlorination was an effective method for reducing biological clogging. These results suggested that chlorination is safe for a crop that has a moderate sensitivity to chlorine, like tomato, and can maintain a high level of performance in drip irrigation systems applying sewage effluent.展开更多
Hexoses accumulate to high concentrations （-200 mM） in storage parenchyma cells of tomato fruit. Hexoses are sourced from the fruit apoplasm as hydrolysis products of phloem-imported sucrose. Three hexose transporte...Hexoses accumulate to high concentrations （-200 mM） in storage parenchyma cells of tomato fruit. Hexoses are sourced from the fruit apoplasm as hydrolysis products of phloem-imported sucrose. Three hexose transporters （LeHT1, LeHT2, LeHT3）, expressed in fruit storage parenchyma ceils, may contribute to hexose uptake by these cells. An analysis of their full-length sequences demonstrated that all three transporters belong to the STP subfamily of monosaccharide transporters that localize to plasma membranes. Heterologous expression of LeHT1 （and previously LeHT2, Gear et al., 2000）, but not LeHT3, rescued a hexose transportimpaired yeast mutant when raised on glucose or fructose as the sole carbon source. Biochemically, LeHT1, similarly to LeHT2, exhibited transport properties consistent with a high- affinity glucose/H^＋ symporter. Significantly, LeHT1 and LeHT2 also functioned as low-affinity fructose/H^＋ symporters with apparent Km values commensurate with those of fruit tissues. A substantial reduction （80-90%） in fruit expression levels of all LeHT genes by RNAi-mediated knockdown caused a 55% decrease in fruit hexose accumulation. In contrast, photoassimilate production by source leaves and phloem transport capacity to fruit were unaffected by transporter knockdown. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that LeHTs play key roles in driving accumulation of hexoses into storage parenchyma cells during tomato fruit development.展开更多
Fruit specific promoter (2A12) from Lycopersi-com esculentum and cDNA of isopentenyl-transferase (ipt) from Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumerfaciens C58 were cloned by PCR procedure respectively. Two plant expression ...Fruit specific promoter (2A12) from Lycopersi-com esculentum and cDNA of isopentenyl-transferase (ipt) from Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumerfaciens C58 were cloned by PCR procedure respectively. Two plant expression vectors with 2A12/gus or 2A12/ipt were respectively constructed. These two chimeric genes were transferred into tomato by Agrobacterium mediated procedure. The results of Southern hybridization showed that the fusion genes had been integrated into tomatoes. The result of gus histochemi-cal staining showed that 2A12 had high fruit specific expressive capability in transgenic tomato. The ipt expression resulted in accumulation of high level of cytokinins (CTKs) in fruit lead to developmental changes in fruits and seeds. The fruit of ipt transformed tomato had the hyperplastic placenta with very few seeds or even seedless. The shelf life of transgenic fruits elongated for 1-2 weeks. The ratio of fruit set, the dry weight of fruit and the crude protein content in fruit were increased, while展开更多
Loss-of-function ethylene insensitive 2 （EIN2） mutations showed ethylene insensitivity in Arabidopsis, which indicated an essential role of EIN2 in ethylene signaling. However, the function of EIN2 in fruit ripening...Loss-of-function ethylene insensitive 2 （EIN2） mutations showed ethylene insensitivity in Arabidopsis, which indicated an essential role of EIN2 in ethylene signaling. However, the function of EIN2 in fruit ripening has not been investigated. To gain a better understanding of EIN2, the temporal regulation of LeEIN2 expres- sion during tomato fruit development was analyzed. The expression of LeEIN2 was constant at different stages of fruit development, and was not regulated by ethylene. Moreover, LeEIN2-silenced tomato fruits were developed using a virus-induced gene silencing fruit system to study the role of LeEIN2 in tomato fruit ripening. Silenced fruits had a delay in fruit development and ripening, related to greatly descended expression of ethylene-related and ripening-related genes in comparison with those of control fruits. These results suggested LeEIN2 positively mediated ethylene signals during tomato development. In addition, there were fewer seeds and Iocules in the silenced fruit than those in the control fruit, like the phenotype of parthenocarpic tomato fruit. The content of auxin and the expression of auxin-regulated gene were declined in silenced fruit, which indicated that EIN2 might be important for crosstalk between ethylene and auxin hormones.展开更多
A study was conducted with 36 tomato germplasm [PGRC (19), The Netherlands (7), Japan (2), and Bangladesh (9)] with 3 check varieties in the research field of the Olericulture Division of Horticulture Research Centre ...A study was conducted with 36 tomato germplasm [PGRC (19), The Netherlands (7), Japan (2), and Bangladesh (9)] with 3 check varieties in the research field of the Olericulture Division of Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during the winter season of 2022-23 to identify promising tomato breeding germplasm. All the germplasm showed differences in most of the parameters studied. Considerable variation was observed for fruit yield per hectare varied from 39 to 144 tons, while the highest fruit yield per hectare was harvested from the germplasm viz., BD 7759B, BD 7757, BD 7751, BD 7301, QM, BD 7759A, BD 7762, QF, BD 7753, BD 8886, BD 10351, NL-1A, SLA-19. The number of locules, total soluble solids (TSS) and plant height at last harvest varied from 2 to 6.6, 2.6 to 5.9%, and 66 to 154cm, respectively. The TYLCV infection (%) and leaf-sucking pest infestation (%) were observed with a 1 to 20% range in the field condition in both cases. So, we can select that germplasm has zero per cent infestation. Considering the plant growth habit, earliness, different yield contributing horticultural traits, virus and pest infestation thirteen germplasm viz., BD 7759B, BD 7757, BD 7751, BD 7301, QM, BD 7759A, BD 7762, QF, BD 7753, BD 8886, BD 10351, NL-1A, SLA-19 were selected as breeding materials for further tomato improvement program.展开更多
Steroidal glycoalkaloids（SGAs） are nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites of the Solanum species,which are known to have large chemical and bioactive diversity in nature.While recent effort and development on LC/...Steroidal glycoalkaloids（SGAs） are nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites of the Solanum species,which are known to have large chemical and bioactive diversity in nature.While recent effort and development on LC/MS techniques for SGA profiling have elucidated the main pathways of SGA metabolism in tomato,the problem of peak annotation still remains due to the vast diversity of chemical structure and similar on overlapping of chemical formula.Here we provide a case study of peak classification and annotation approach by integration of species and tissue specificities of SGA accumulation for provision of comprehensive pathways of SGA biosynthesis.In order to elucidate natural diversity of SGA biosynthesis,a total of 169 putative SGAs found in eight tomato accessions（Soianum lycopersicum, S.pimpinellifolium, S.cheesmaniae, S.chmielewskii, S.neorickii,S.peruvianum,S.habrochaites,S.pennellii） and four tissue types were used for correlation analysis.The results obtained in this study contribute annotation and classification of SGAs as well as detecting putative novel biosynthetic branch points.As such this represents a novel strategy for peak annotation for plant secondary metabolites.展开更多
基金financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51009140)the National High-Tech Program of China (2011AA100502 and 2011AA100509)
文摘This study has investigated the suitable drip irrigation scheduling for tomato grown in solar greenhouse based on 20-cm pan evaporation （Epan） in North China Plain. Irrigation treatments included three irrigation frequencies （11 10, 12 20 and 13 30 mm, and irrigation interval of 2-6 d for 11, 4-9 d for 12 and 8-12 d for 13） based on accumulated pan evaporation （Epan）, and four plant-pan coefficients （Kcp1 0.5, Kcp2 0.7, Kcp3 0.9 and Kcp4 1.1）. Results indicate that total irrigation amount, seasonal crop evapotranspiration （ET） and tomato yield （Y） were 185.1-365.8 mm, 249.1-388.0 mm and 99.6-151.8 t ha^-1, respectively. Irrigation frequency and amount increased the yield, and second-degree polynomial relationship was found between Y and ET （R2=0.8671）. Irrigation frequency did not increase mean fruit weight, diameter and length significantly but increased fruit number, total soluble solids content （TSS）, TSS yield, fruit firmness and water use efficiency （WUE） and irrigation WUE （IWUE） significantly. Irrigation amount increased external quality of tomato but reduced TSS content, TSS yield, fruit firmness, WUE and IWUE significantly. Kep3 and gep4 treatments had the highest fruit yield, but Kep2 and Kep3 treatments had the highest WUE. 11Kcp3 treatment （irrigation interval of 2-6 d, and Kop=0.9） had higher IWUE, WUE, external quality, yield, and TSS yield, so it is recommended as the suitable irrigation scheduling for tomato grown in solar greenhouse in North China Plain.
基金supported by grants from the National High-Tech R&D Program of China(863 Program)(2013AA103004)the Water and Technology Support Plan of Shaanxi Province,China(2014slkj-17)
文摘The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of applying different amounts of water and nitrogen on yield, fruit quality, water use efficiency （WUE）, irrigation water use efficiency （IWUE） and nitrogen use efficiency （NUE） of drip-irrigated greenhouse tomatoes in northwestern China. The plants were irrigated every seven days at various proportions of 20-cm pan evaporation （Ep）. The experiment consisted of three irrigation levels （11, 50% Ep; 12, 75% Ep; and 13, 100% Ep） and three N application levels （N1, 150 kg N ha^-1; N2, 250 kg N ha^-1;and N3, 350 kg N ha^-1）. Tomato yield increased with the amount of applied irrigation water in 12 and then decreased in 13. WUE and IWUE were the highest in Ii. WUE was 16.5% lower in 12 than that in I1, but yield was 26.6% higher in 12 than that in I1. Tomato yield, WUE, and IWUE were significantly higher in N2 than that in N1 and N3. NUIE decreased with increasing N levels but NUE increased with increase the amount of water applied. Increasing both water and N levels increased the foliar net photosynthetic rate. I1 and 12 treatments significantly increased the contents of total soluble solids （TSS）, vitamin C （VC）, lycopene, soluble sugars （SS）, and organic acids （OA） and the sugar：acid ratio in the fruit and decreased the nitrate content. TSS, VC, lycopene, and SS contents were the highest in N2. The harvest index （HI） was the highest in 12N2. 12N2 provided the optimal combination of tomato yield, fruit quality, and WUE. The irrigation and fertilisation regime of 75% Ep and 250 kg N ha^-1 was the best strategy of water and N management for the production of drip-irrigated greenhouse tomato.
文摘为了研究番茄各器官中可溶性糖和蔗糖含量、叶片中游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量、不同器官干物质分配比例及番茄果实品质对昼夜温差的响应规律，该研究以番茄品种“金冠5号”（Solanum lycopersicum cv. Jinguan5）为试材，于2012年9月-2013年7月在南京信息工程大学设计日均气温为18和25℃，昼夜温差（difference between day and night temperature，DIF）为12℃（白天24℃/晚上12℃，31℃/19℃）、6℃（21℃/15℃，28℃/22℃）、0（18℃/18℃，25℃/25℃）共6个处理的人工环境控制试验，结果表明：日均气温18℃时，叶片中的游离氨基酸总量和可溶性蛋白、果实中的可溶性糖和蔗糖含量均以12℃温差处理最高，0温差处理最低；而果实中的有机酸含量以12℃温差处理最低；日均气温25℃时，果实中的可溶性糖和蔗糖含量以6℃温差处理最高。叶片中的游离氨基酸总量、幼果期和采收期叶片的可溶性蛋白含量均以6℃温差处理最高。维生素 C、可溶性蛋白和番茄红素在日均气温18℃时则与有机酸含量趋势相反。干物质在果实中的分配比例在日均气温18和25℃时，均以6℃温差处理最大，12℃温差处理最小。研究认为在日均气温18℃条件下，昼夜温差0～12℃范围内，昼夜温差越大，果实中可溶性糖、蔗糖的积累越多，游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量越高，果实品质更佳，在日均气温25℃条件下，以6℃温差处理下果实内在品质最佳；相同昼夜温差，25℃日均气温处理下的果实内在品质优于18℃日均气温处理；在最适温度范围内，适当增加昼夜温差有利于可溶性糖、蔗糖和干物质向果实中转移，温差过高或过低不利于果实营养物质及干物质积累。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50779078)
文摘Chlorination has been recognized as an efficient and economically favorable method for treating clogging in drip emitters caused by biological growth during sewage application. Further important criteria for determining an optimal chlorination scheme are the different responses of crops to the chloride added into the soil through chlorination. During two seasons in 2008 and 2009, field experiments were conducted in a solar-heated greenhouse with drip irrigation systems applying secondary sewage effluent to tomato plants to investigate the influences of chlorine injection intervals and levels on plant growth, yield, fruit quality, and emitter clogging. Injection intervals ranging from 2 to 8 wk and injection concentrations ranging 2-50 mg L-1 of free chlorine residual at the end of the laterals were used. For the 2008 experiments, the yield from the treatments of sewage application with chlorination was 7.5% lower than the yield from the treatment of sewage application without chlorination, while the yields for the treatments with and without chlorination were similar for the 2009 experiments. The statistical tests indicated that neither the chlorine injection intervals and concentrations nor the interactions between the two significantly influenced plant height, leaf area, or tomato yield for both years. The qualities of the fruit in response to chlorination were parameter-dependent. Chlorination did not significantly influence the quality of ascorbic acid, soluble sugar, or soluble acids, but the interaction between the chlorine injection interval and the chlorine concentration significantly influenced the levels of soluble solids. It was also confirmed that chlorination was an effective method for reducing biological clogging. These results suggested that chlorination is safe for a crop that has a moderate sensitivity to chlorine, like tomato, and can maintain a high level of performance in drip irrigation systems applying sewage effluent.
文摘Hexoses accumulate to high concentrations （-200 mM） in storage parenchyma cells of tomato fruit. Hexoses are sourced from the fruit apoplasm as hydrolysis products of phloem-imported sucrose. Three hexose transporters （LeHT1, LeHT2, LeHT3）, expressed in fruit storage parenchyma ceils, may contribute to hexose uptake by these cells. An analysis of their full-length sequences demonstrated that all three transporters belong to the STP subfamily of monosaccharide transporters that localize to plasma membranes. Heterologous expression of LeHT1 （and previously LeHT2, Gear et al., 2000）, but not LeHT3, rescued a hexose transportimpaired yeast mutant when raised on glucose or fructose as the sole carbon source. Biochemically, LeHT1, similarly to LeHT2, exhibited transport properties consistent with a high- affinity glucose/H^＋ symporter. Significantly, LeHT1 and LeHT2 also functioned as low-affinity fructose/H^＋ symporters with apparent Km values commensurate with those of fruit tissues. A substantial reduction （80-90%） in fruit expression levels of all LeHT genes by RNAi-mediated knockdown caused a 55% decrease in fruit hexose accumulation. In contrast, photoassimilate production by source leaves and phloem transport capacity to fruit were unaffected by transporter knockdown. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that LeHTs play key roles in driving accumulation of hexoses into storage parenchyma cells during tomato fruit development.
基金This work was supported by the Foundation for Ph. D. Student Research Station of the Ministry of Education.
文摘Fruit specific promoter (2A12) from Lycopersi-com esculentum and cDNA of isopentenyl-transferase (ipt) from Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumerfaciens C58 were cloned by PCR procedure respectively. Two plant expression vectors with 2A12/gus or 2A12/ipt were respectively constructed. These two chimeric genes were transferred into tomato by Agrobacterium mediated procedure. The results of Southern hybridization showed that the fusion genes had been integrated into tomatoes. The result of gus histochemi-cal staining showed that 2A12 had high fruit specific expressive capability in transgenic tomato. The ipt expression resulted in accumulation of high level of cytokinins (CTKs) in fruit lead to developmental changes in fruits and seeds. The fruit of ipt transformed tomato had the hyperplastic placenta with very few seeds or even seedless. The shelf life of transgenic fruits elongated for 1-2 weeks. The ratio of fruit set, the dry weight of fruit and the crude protein content in fruit were increased, while
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China （30270934, 30371004 and 30430490） and the Hi-Tech Research and Development （863） Program of China （2002AA245081）.We thank Dr SP Dinesh-Kumar （Yale University） for offering pTRV1 and pTRV2 vector, and Professor Wei-Bo Jiang （China Agricultural University） for 1-MCP.
文摘Loss-of-function ethylene insensitive 2 （EIN2） mutations showed ethylene insensitivity in Arabidopsis, which indicated an essential role of EIN2 in ethylene signaling. However, the function of EIN2 in fruit ripening has not been investigated. To gain a better understanding of EIN2, the temporal regulation of LeEIN2 expres- sion during tomato fruit development was analyzed. The expression of LeEIN2 was constant at different stages of fruit development, and was not regulated by ethylene. Moreover, LeEIN2-silenced tomato fruits were developed using a virus-induced gene silencing fruit system to study the role of LeEIN2 in tomato fruit ripening. Silenced fruits had a delay in fruit development and ripening, related to greatly descended expression of ethylene-related and ripening-related genes in comparison with those of control fruits. These results suggested LeEIN2 positively mediated ethylene signals during tomato development. In addition, there were fewer seeds and Iocules in the silenced fruit than those in the control fruit, like the phenotype of parthenocarpic tomato fruit. The content of auxin and the expression of auxin-regulated gene were declined in silenced fruit, which indicated that EIN2 might be important for crosstalk between ethylene and auxin hormones.
文摘A study was conducted with 36 tomato germplasm [PGRC (19), The Netherlands (7), Japan (2), and Bangladesh (9)] with 3 check varieties in the research field of the Olericulture Division of Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during the winter season of 2022-23 to identify promising tomato breeding germplasm. All the germplasm showed differences in most of the parameters studied. Considerable variation was observed for fruit yield per hectare varied from 39 to 144 tons, while the highest fruit yield per hectare was harvested from the germplasm viz., BD 7759B, BD 7757, BD 7751, BD 7301, QM, BD 7759A, BD 7762, QF, BD 7753, BD 8886, BD 10351, NL-1A, SLA-19. The number of locules, total soluble solids (TSS) and plant height at last harvest varied from 2 to 6.6, 2.6 to 5.9%, and 66 to 154cm, respectively. The TYLCV infection (%) and leaf-sucking pest infestation (%) were observed with a 1 to 20% range in the field condition in both cases. So, we can select that germplasm has zero per cent infestation. Considering the plant growth habit, earliness, different yield contributing horticultural traits, virus and pest infestation thirteen germplasm viz., BD 7759B, BD 7757, BD 7751, BD 7301, QM, BD 7759A, BD 7762, QF, BD 7753, BD 8886, BD 10351, NL-1A, SLA-19 were selected as breeding materials for further tomato improvement program.
基金financially supported by the Potsdam university(K.S.)the Max Planck Society(to L.P.,A.F.,and T.T.)+1 种基金an Alexander von Humboldt grant(to T.T.)the European Commission's Directorate-General for Research within the 7~(th) Framework Program(FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreements 270089(MULTIBIOPRO)
文摘Steroidal glycoalkaloids（SGAs） are nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites of the Solanum species,which are known to have large chemical and bioactive diversity in nature.While recent effort and development on LC/MS techniques for SGA profiling have elucidated the main pathways of SGA metabolism in tomato,the problem of peak annotation still remains due to the vast diversity of chemical structure and similar on overlapping of chemical formula.Here we provide a case study of peak classification and annotation approach by integration of species and tissue specificities of SGA accumulation for provision of comprehensive pathways of SGA biosynthesis.In order to elucidate natural diversity of SGA biosynthesis,a total of 169 putative SGAs found in eight tomato accessions（Soianum lycopersicum, S.pimpinellifolium, S.cheesmaniae, S.chmielewskii, S.neorickii,S.peruvianum,S.habrochaites,S.pennellii） and four tissue types were used for correlation analysis.The results obtained in this study contribute annotation and classification of SGAs as well as detecting putative novel biosynthetic branch points.As such this represents a novel strategy for peak annotation for plant secondary metabolites.
