为提高正面40%偏置碰撞中女性驾驶员安全性,利用仿真软件MADYMO建立包括驾驶员座椅、转向系统、安全气囊、男性假人、安全带等在内的男性驾驶员约束系统模型,并经试验验证;然后参照2015版欧洲新车评价规程,调整驾驶员座椅位置,并用女性...为提高正面40%偏置碰撞中女性驾驶员安全性,利用仿真软件MADYMO建立包括驾驶员座椅、转向系统、安全气囊、男性假人、安全带等在内的男性驾驶员约束系统模型,并经试验验证;然后参照2015版欧洲新车评价规程,调整驾驶员座椅位置,并用女性假人代替男性假人,建立女性驾驶员约束系统模型;最后利用女性驾驶员约束系统模型,分析驾驶员约束系统参数对女性驾驶员伤害的影响。结果显示,缩短转向柱长度,将使头部与胸部伤害降低,但使颈部伸张弯矩增加;当气囊4点钟、8点钟、12点钟拉带长度分别为180,180,270 mm时,头部伤害指标较原始值上升25.50%;当安全带限力等级由5.0 k N降至2.5 k N时,胸部压缩量降低14.44%。展开更多
药驾(Driving Under The Influence of Drugs,DUID)中的女性,由于受用药特殊性及女性药代动力学与药效动力学特殊性的影响,具有与男性药驾不同的特点。近年来,女性药驾引发交通事故的现象逐渐引起国内外研究者的关注。为促进相关研究,...药驾(Driving Under The Influence of Drugs,DUID)中的女性,由于受用药特殊性及女性药代动力学与药效动力学特殊性的影响,具有与男性药驾不同的特点。近年来,女性药驾引发交通事故的现象逐渐引起国内外研究者的关注。为促进相关研究,通过综合分析国内外文献,从三方面介绍了女性驾驶能力受药物影响的国内外研究成果,分析了该类研究目前存在的不足,对进一步的研究提出了建议,并对该类研究的发展趋势进行了初步预测。展开更多
Purpose–This study aims to analyze the differences of electrocardiograph(ECG)characteristics for female drivers in calm and anxious states during driving.Design/methodology/approach–The authors used various material...Purpose–This study aims to analyze the differences of electrocardiograph(ECG)characteristics for female drivers in calm and anxious states during driving.Design/methodology/approach–The authors used various materials(e.g.visual materials,auditory materials and olfactory materials)to induce drivers’mood states(calm and anxious),and then conducted the real driving experiments and driving simulations to collect driver’s ECG signal dynamic data.Physiological changes in ECG during the stimulus process were recorded using PSYLAB software.The paired T-test analysis was conducted to determine if there is a significant difference in driver’s ECG characteristics between calm and anxious states during driving.Findings–The results show significant differences in the characteristic parameters of female driver’s ECG signals,including(average heart rate),(atrioventricular interval),(percentage of NN intervals>50ms),(R wave average peak),(Root mean square of successive),(Q wave average peak)and(S wave average peak),in time domain,frequency domain and waveform in emotional states of calmness and anxiety.Practical implications–Findings of this work show that ECG can be used to identify driver’s anxious and calm states during driving.It can be used for the development of personalized driver assistance system and driver warning system.Originality/value–Only a few attempts have been made on the influence of human emotions on physiological signals in the transportationfield.Hence,there is a need for transport scholars to begin to identify driver’s ECG characteristics under different emotional states.This study will analyze the differences of ECG characteristics for female drivers in calm and anxious states during driving to provide a theoretical basis for developing the intelligent and connected vehicles.展开更多
文摘为提高正面40%偏置碰撞中女性驾驶员安全性,利用仿真软件MADYMO建立包括驾驶员座椅、转向系统、安全气囊、男性假人、安全带等在内的男性驾驶员约束系统模型,并经试验验证;然后参照2015版欧洲新车评价规程,调整驾驶员座椅位置,并用女性假人代替男性假人,建立女性驾驶员约束系统模型;最后利用女性驾驶员约束系统模型,分析驾驶员约束系统参数对女性驾驶员伤害的影响。结果显示,缩短转向柱长度,将使头部与胸部伤害降低,但使颈部伸张弯矩增加;当气囊4点钟、8点钟、12点钟拉带长度分别为180,180,270 mm时,头部伤害指标较原始值上升25.50%;当安全带限力等级由5.0 k N降至2.5 k N时,胸部压缩量降低14.44%。
文摘药驾(Driving Under The Influence of Drugs,DUID)中的女性,由于受用药特殊性及女性药代动力学与药效动力学特殊性的影响,具有与男性药驾不同的特点。近年来,女性药驾引发交通事故的现象逐渐引起国内外研究者的关注。为促进相关研究,通过综合分析国内外文献,从三方面介绍了女性驾驶能力受药物影响的国内外研究成果,分析了该类研究目前存在的不足,对进一步的研究提出了建议,并对该类研究的发展趋势进行了初步预测。
基金supported by the Joint Laboratory for Internet of Vehicles,Ministry of Education–China Mobile Communications Corporation under Project[Grant No.ICV-KF2018-03]Qingdao Top Talent Program of Entrepreneurship and Innovation(Grant No.19-3-2-8-zhc)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.71901134,61074140,61573009,51508315)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2017LF015).
文摘Purpose–This study aims to analyze the differences of electrocardiograph(ECG)characteristics for female drivers in calm and anxious states during driving.Design/methodology/approach–The authors used various materials(e.g.visual materials,auditory materials and olfactory materials)to induce drivers’mood states(calm and anxious),and then conducted the real driving experiments and driving simulations to collect driver’s ECG signal dynamic data.Physiological changes in ECG during the stimulus process were recorded using PSYLAB software.The paired T-test analysis was conducted to determine if there is a significant difference in driver’s ECG characteristics between calm and anxious states during driving.Findings–The results show significant differences in the characteristic parameters of female driver’s ECG signals,including(average heart rate),(atrioventricular interval),(percentage of NN intervals>50ms),(R wave average peak),(Root mean square of successive),(Q wave average peak)and(S wave average peak),in time domain,frequency domain and waveform in emotional states of calmness and anxiety.Practical implications–Findings of this work show that ECG can be used to identify driver’s anxious and calm states during driving.It can be used for the development of personalized driver assistance system and driver warning system.Originality/value–Only a few attempts have been made on the influence of human emotions on physiological signals in the transportationfield.Hence,there is a need for transport scholars to begin to identify driver’s ECG characteristics under different emotional states.This study will analyze the differences of ECG characteristics for female drivers in calm and anxious states during driving to provide a theoretical basis for developing the intelligent and connected vehicles.
