Facial prostheses have developed significantly in the last 10 years,especially between 2016 and 2021.This development is mainly due to the great progress made in the fields of biocompatible materials,digital technolog...Facial prostheses have developed significantly in the last 10 years,especially between 2016 and 2021.This development is mainly due to the great progress made in the fields of biocompatible materials,digital technology,and three-dimensional printing technology,which provides guarantee for low allergy,high biosimulation,comfort,and satisfactory usability.Treatment teams typically consist of plastic surgeons,material experts,engineers,and computer scientists who have extensive clinical experience.These teams successfully implement an integrated,multidisciplinary model by prioritizing the reasonable expectations of both the physician and patient,leading to improved patient satisfaction and compliance with prosthetic constraints.This study aimed to review the concept,development status,existing problems,and future of facial prosthesis.展开更多
为了更好地利用人脸图像中所蕴含的生物信息来提升人脸年龄估算的精确度,提出了一种基于主动形状与局部二值模式的年龄估算方法(An Age Estimation Method Based on Active Shape Model and Local Binary Pattern,AEM-ASLB)。首先,提取...为了更好地利用人脸图像中所蕴含的生物信息来提升人脸年龄估算的精确度,提出了一种基于主动形状与局部二值模式的年龄估算方法(An Age Estimation Method Based on Active Shape Model and Local Binary Pattern,AEM-ASLB)。首先,提取人脸图像的特征集合,该特征集合由脸部几何特征点和纹理特征信息组成。利用主动形状模型来定位脸部关键位置的特征点,面部皮肤的纹理信息则采用局部二值模式进行抽样提取;然后,利用高斯过程回归模型对提取到的几何特征信息进行训练,得到特征的直方图,并进一步归一化为纹理特征向量。经过实验证明,该方案能够利用人脸图像对年龄进行精准地估算,实现上也可以减少分类器的使用,整个方法思路清晰且简单易实现。展开更多
Objective: To identify the facial nerve trunk (FNT) very easily. quickly and accurately considering the styloid process as the robust anatomically consistent landmark during parotid surgery. Patients and Methods: This...Objective: To identify the facial nerve trunk (FNT) very easily. quickly and accurately considering the styloid process as the robust anatomically consistent landmark during parotid surgery. Patients and Methods: This prospective study was conducted between January 2010 to December 2022 at a Tertiary care hospital. It included 130 patients: 84 (65%) males and 46 (35%) females with a mean age of 43.52 ± 15.63 years. Patients presented with pleomorphic adenoma (90), chronic sialectasis (05), parotid cyst (03), parotid sinus (01), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (28), adenoid cystic carcinoma (02) and squamous cell carcinoma (01) were subjected to superficial parotidectomy and total parotidectomy. The outcome was evaluated regarding the clinical success of facial nerve function that considered the location of the styloid process in the triangle technique for identification of the FNT during parotid surgery. Results: All 130 patients underwent superficial and total parotidectomy. The facial nerve trunk was successfully identified as the location of the styloid process in the triangle technique in all the patients with no intra-operative complications. Operative time ranged from 50 to 180 minutes with a mean time 90.70 ± 15.68 minutes. Dysfunction of the angle of the mouth due to the deficit of the marginal mandibular nerve (MMN) was noted in 5 patients (3.8%), 02 had difficulty in eye closure (1.5%). No patient reported surgical site infection, skin flap necrosis and hematoma in this series. Conclusion: Styloid process is the prominent robust landmark in the triangle technique for the identification of facial nerve trunk with relative ease, safety and accuracy in the parotid surgical procedure. This can be a very useful method to locate the FNT and minimize facial nerve injury during parotid surgery.展开更多
Precise facial feature extraction is essential to the high-level face recognition and expression analysis. This paper presents a novel method for the real-time geometric facial feature extraction from live video. In t...Precise facial feature extraction is essential to the high-level face recognition and expression analysis. This paper presents a novel method for the real-time geometric facial feature extraction from live video. In this paper, the input image is viewed as a weighted graph. The segmentation of the pixels corresponding to the edges of facial components of the mouth, eyes, brows, and nose is implemented by means of random walks on the weighted graph. The graph has an 8-connected lattice structure and the weight value associated with each edge reflects the likelihood that a random walker will cross that edge. The random walks simulate an anisot- ropic diffusion process that filters out the noise while preserving the facial expression pixels. The seeds for the segmentation are obtained from a color and motion detector. The segmented facial pixels are represented with linked lists in the origi- nal geometric form and grouped into different parts corresponding to facial components. For the convenience of implementing high-level vision, the geometric description of facial component pixels is further decomposed into shape and reg- istration information. Shape is defined as the geometric information that is invariant under the registration transformation, such as translation, rotation, and isotropic scale. Statistical shape analysis is carried out to capture global facial fea- tures where the Procrustes shape distance measure is adopted. A Bayesian ap- proach is used to incorporate high-level prior knowledge of face structure. Experimental results show that the proposed method is capable of real-time extraction of precise geometric facial features from live video. The feature extraction is robust against the illumination changes, scale variation, head rotations, and hand interference.展开更多
文摘Facial prostheses have developed significantly in the last 10 years,especially between 2016 and 2021.This development is mainly due to the great progress made in the fields of biocompatible materials,digital technology,and three-dimensional printing technology,which provides guarantee for low allergy,high biosimulation,comfort,and satisfactory usability.Treatment teams typically consist of plastic surgeons,material experts,engineers,and computer scientists who have extensive clinical experience.These teams successfully implement an integrated,multidisciplinary model by prioritizing the reasonable expectations of both the physician and patient,leading to improved patient satisfaction and compliance with prosthetic constraints.This study aimed to review the concept,development status,existing problems,and future of facial prosthesis.
文摘为了更好地利用人脸图像中所蕴含的生物信息来提升人脸年龄估算的精确度,提出了一种基于主动形状与局部二值模式的年龄估算方法(An Age Estimation Method Based on Active Shape Model and Local Binary Pattern,AEM-ASLB)。首先,提取人脸图像的特征集合,该特征集合由脸部几何特征点和纹理特征信息组成。利用主动形状模型来定位脸部关键位置的特征点,面部皮肤的纹理信息则采用局部二值模式进行抽样提取;然后,利用高斯过程回归模型对提取到的几何特征信息进行训练,得到特征的直方图,并进一步归一化为纹理特征向量。经过实验证明,该方案能够利用人脸图像对年龄进行精准地估算,实现上也可以减少分类器的使用,整个方法思路清晰且简单易实现。
文摘Objective: To identify the facial nerve trunk (FNT) very easily. quickly and accurately considering the styloid process as the robust anatomically consistent landmark during parotid surgery. Patients and Methods: This prospective study was conducted between January 2010 to December 2022 at a Tertiary care hospital. It included 130 patients: 84 (65%) males and 46 (35%) females with a mean age of 43.52 ± 15.63 years. Patients presented with pleomorphic adenoma (90), chronic sialectasis (05), parotid cyst (03), parotid sinus (01), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (28), adenoid cystic carcinoma (02) and squamous cell carcinoma (01) were subjected to superficial parotidectomy and total parotidectomy. The outcome was evaluated regarding the clinical success of facial nerve function that considered the location of the styloid process in the triangle technique for identification of the FNT during parotid surgery. Results: All 130 patients underwent superficial and total parotidectomy. The facial nerve trunk was successfully identified as the location of the styloid process in the triangle technique in all the patients with no intra-operative complications. Operative time ranged from 50 to 180 minutes with a mean time 90.70 ± 15.68 minutes. Dysfunction of the angle of the mouth due to the deficit of the marginal mandibular nerve (MMN) was noted in 5 patients (3.8%), 02 had difficulty in eye closure (1.5%). No patient reported surgical site infection, skin flap necrosis and hematoma in this series. Conclusion: Styloid process is the prominent robust landmark in the triangle technique for the identification of facial nerve trunk with relative ease, safety and accuracy in the parotid surgical procedure. This can be a very useful method to locate the FNT and minimize facial nerve injury during parotid surgery.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60672071)the Ministry of Science and Technology (Grant No. 2005CCA04400)the Ministry of Education (Grant No. NCET-05-0534)
文摘Precise facial feature extraction is essential to the high-level face recognition and expression analysis. This paper presents a novel method for the real-time geometric facial feature extraction from live video. In this paper, the input image is viewed as a weighted graph. The segmentation of the pixels corresponding to the edges of facial components of the mouth, eyes, brows, and nose is implemented by means of random walks on the weighted graph. The graph has an 8-connected lattice structure and the weight value associated with each edge reflects the likelihood that a random walker will cross that edge. The random walks simulate an anisot- ropic diffusion process that filters out the noise while preserving the facial expression pixels. The seeds for the segmentation are obtained from a color and motion detector. The segmented facial pixels are represented with linked lists in the origi- nal geometric form and grouped into different parts corresponding to facial components. For the convenience of implementing high-level vision, the geometric description of facial component pixels is further decomposed into shape and reg- istration information. Shape is defined as the geometric information that is invariant under the registration transformation, such as translation, rotation, and isotropic scale. Statistical shape analysis is carried out to capture global facial fea- tures where the Procrustes shape distance measure is adopted. A Bayesian ap- proach is used to incorporate high-level prior knowledge of face structure. Experimental results show that the proposed method is capable of real-time extraction of precise geometric facial features from live video. The feature extraction is robust against the illumination changes, scale variation, head rotations, and hand interference.
