In this paper, a finite difference-streamline diffusion finite element scheme for time-dependent nonlinear convection-dominated diffusion problem is constructedand a quasi-optimal order error estimate in L2-norm is de...In this paper, a finite difference-streamline diffusion finite element scheme for time-dependent nonlinear convection-dominated diffusion problem is constructedand a quasi-optimal order error estimate in L2-norm is derived.展开更多
Presents the abstract L...-norm error estimate of nonconforming finite element method. Use of the Aubin Nitsche Lemma in estimating nonconforming finite element methods; Details on the equations.
Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) using electroporation is an attractive novel method of facilitated transport of compounds across skin that a short electrical pulse is applied to the skin, forcing the creation of a rev...Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) using electroporation is an attractive novel method of facilitated transport of compounds across skin that a short electrical pulse is applied to the skin, forcing the creation of a reversible transient aqueous pore to enhance drugs transdermal permeability. Most of prior researches are difficult to put into the practical use, such as stimulation for user and designing electroporater apparatus for TDD, due to pulse with high intensive. In this paper, the effect of electroporative energy on the transdermal fluxes of Tetracaini Hydrochlordum (TH) and Naproxenum is studied to explore a way of electroporative technique with low voltage. We applied a 120 V and 4.2 J square pulse to SD male rats skin on abdomen, the transdermal flux of TH increased 5.1 times more than the passive transport. While a 400 V and 37.6 J exponential decaying pulse was employed to same skin, the transdermal flux of Naproxenum was 3.5 times than passive transport. The results show that: (1) drugs transdermal permeably flux will create a saturation as the electroporative energy raises to threshold; (2) the transdermal energy efficiency (F/E value) declines as time extends; and (3) the effect of electroporation is concerned with the transdermal energy and drugs characteristics, electroporation is more effective than iontophoresis for TH, but conversely for Naproxenum.展开更多
Based on the potential-hybrid/mixed finite element scheme, 4-node quadrilateral plate-bending elements MP4, MP4a and cylindrical shell element MCS4 are derived with, the inclusion of splitting rotations. All these ele...Based on the potential-hybrid/mixed finite element scheme, 4-node quadrilateral plate-bending elements MP4, MP4a and cylindrical shell element MCS4 are derived with, the inclusion of splitting rotations. All these elements demonstrate favorable convergence behavior over the existing counterparts, free from spurious kinematic mode's and do not exhibit locking phenomenon in thin platef shell limit. Inter-connections between the existing modified variational functionals for the use of formulating C0-and C1-continuous elements are also indicated. Important particularizations of the present scheme include Prathop's consistent field formulation, the RIT/SRIT-compatible displacement model and so on.展开更多
文摘In this paper, a finite difference-streamline diffusion finite element scheme for time-dependent nonlinear convection-dominated diffusion problem is constructedand a quasi-optimal order error estimate in L2-norm is derived.
文摘Presents the abstract L...-norm error estimate of nonconforming finite element method. Use of the Aubin Nitsche Lemma in estimating nonconforming finite element methods; Details on the equations.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 396 70 85 7
文摘Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) using electroporation is an attractive novel method of facilitated transport of compounds across skin that a short electrical pulse is applied to the skin, forcing the creation of a reversible transient aqueous pore to enhance drugs transdermal permeability. Most of prior researches are difficult to put into the practical use, such as stimulation for user and designing electroporater apparatus for TDD, due to pulse with high intensive. In this paper, the effect of electroporative energy on the transdermal fluxes of Tetracaini Hydrochlordum (TH) and Naproxenum is studied to explore a way of electroporative technique with low voltage. We applied a 120 V and 4.2 J square pulse to SD male rats skin on abdomen, the transdermal flux of TH increased 5.1 times more than the passive transport. While a 400 V and 37.6 J exponential decaying pulse was employed to same skin, the transdermal flux of Naproxenum was 3.5 times than passive transport. The results show that: (1) drugs transdermal permeably flux will create a saturation as the electroporative energy raises to threshold; (2) the transdermal energy efficiency (F/E value) declines as time extends; and (3) the effect of electroporation is concerned with the transdermal energy and drugs characteristics, electroporation is more effective than iontophoresis for TH, but conversely for Naproxenum.
文摘Based on the potential-hybrid/mixed finite element scheme, 4-node quadrilateral plate-bending elements MP4, MP4a and cylindrical shell element MCS4 are derived with, the inclusion of splitting rotations. All these elements demonstrate favorable convergence behavior over the existing counterparts, free from spurious kinematic mode's and do not exhibit locking phenomenon in thin platef shell limit. Inter-connections between the existing modified variational functionals for the use of formulating C0-and C1-continuous elements are also indicated. Important particularizations of the present scheme include Prathop's consistent field formulation, the RIT/SRIT-compatible displacement model and so on.
