Background The isolated rapid-eye-movement sleep behavior disorder(iRBD)is a prodromal condition of Lewy body disease including Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies(DLB).We aim to investigate the longitu...Background The isolated rapid-eye-movement sleep behavior disorder(iRBD)is a prodromal condition of Lewy body disease including Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies(DLB).We aim to investigate the longitudinal evolution of DLB-related cortical thickness signature in a prospective iRBD cohort and evaluate the possible predictive value of the cortical signature index in predicting dementia-first phenoconversion in individuals with iRBD.Methods We enrolled 22 DLB patients,44 healthy controls,and 50 video polysomnography-proven iRBD patients.Participants underwent 3-T magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and clinical/neuropsychological evaluations.We characterized DLB-related whole-brain cortical thickness spatial covariance pattern(DLB-pattern)using scaled subprofile model of principal components analysis that best differentiated DLB patients from age-matched controls.We analyzed clinical and neuropsychological correlates of the DLB-pattern expression scores and the mean values of the whole-brain cortical thickness in DLB and iRBD patients.With repeated MRI data during the follow-up in our prospective iRBD cohort,we investigated the longitudinal evolution of the cortical thickness signature toward Lewy body dementia.Finally,we analyzed the potential predictive value of cortical thickness signature as a biomarker of phenoconversion in iRBD cohort.Results The DLB-pattern was characterized by thinning of the temporal,orbitofrontal,and insular cortices and relative preservation of the precentral and inferior parietal cortices.The DLB-pattern expression scores correlated with attentional and frontal executive dysfunction(Trail Making Test-A and B:R=−0.55,P=0.024 and R=−0.56,P=0.036,respectively)as well as visuospatial impairment(Rey-figure copy test:R=−0.54,P=0.0047).The longitudinal trajectory of DLB-pattern revealed an increasing pattern above the cut-off in the dementia-first phenoconverters(Pearson’s correlation,R=0.74,P=6.8×10−4)but no significant change in parkinsonism-first phenoconverters(R=0.0展开更多
The performance of solar cells is determined by three factors:the open-circuit voltage(Voc),short-circuit current density(Jsc),and fill factor(FF).The Voc and FF are determined by the material bandgap and the series/s...The performance of solar cells is determined by three factors:the open-circuit voltage(Voc),short-circuit current density(Jsc),and fill factor(FF).The Voc and FF are determined by the material bandgap and the series/shunt resistance,respectively.However,Jsc is determined by the amount of incident light in addition to the bandgap of the material.In this study,a moth-eye pattern was formed on a glass surface via direct printing to increase the amount of incident light and thus increase Jsc-The moth-eye pattern is a typical antireflection pattern that reduces the reflection by gradually increasing the refractive index.A flat perovskite solar cell(F-PSC)and a moth-eye patterned perovskite solar cell(M-PSC)had Jsc values of 23.70 and 25.50 mA/cm^2,respectively.The power-conversion efficiencies of the F-PSC and M-PSC were 19.81%and 21.77%,respectively.展开更多
为了研究飞行员在使用平视显示器(head up display,HUD)执行不同飞行任务时的行为模式,提出了一种包括飞行员眼动、头部运动和手部运动多种特征的行为识别框架。首先,开展行为模式研究实验,通过眼动仪获取眼部运动和头部运动,通过基于...为了研究飞行员在使用平视显示器(head up display,HUD)执行不同飞行任务时的行为模式,提出了一种包括飞行员眼动、头部运动和手部运动多种特征的行为识别框架。首先,开展行为模式研究实验,通过眼动仪获取眼部运动和头部运动,通过基于视频的手动跟踪获取手部运动。之后采用实验得到的结果对模型进行训练和测试。最后,对比了条件随机场和隐动态条件随机场在不同特征下的识别效果。结果表明,采用眼动特征加手部特征时,隐动态条件随机场模型对不同飞行任务的识别效果较好。展开更多
基金supported by a research grant of National Research Foundation(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technology(MEST)in Korea(NRF-2018R1C1B3008971,2018R2A5A2025974,2021R1C1C1011077,NRF-2020R1I1A1A01054095)the Korea government(MSIT)Ministry of Science and ICT(NRF-2022R1A2C4001834).
文摘Background The isolated rapid-eye-movement sleep behavior disorder(iRBD)is a prodromal condition of Lewy body disease including Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies(DLB).We aim to investigate the longitudinal evolution of DLB-related cortical thickness signature in a prospective iRBD cohort and evaluate the possible predictive value of the cortical signature index in predicting dementia-first phenoconversion in individuals with iRBD.Methods We enrolled 22 DLB patients,44 healthy controls,and 50 video polysomnography-proven iRBD patients.Participants underwent 3-T magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and clinical/neuropsychological evaluations.We characterized DLB-related whole-brain cortical thickness spatial covariance pattern(DLB-pattern)using scaled subprofile model of principal components analysis that best differentiated DLB patients from age-matched controls.We analyzed clinical and neuropsychological correlates of the DLB-pattern expression scores and the mean values of the whole-brain cortical thickness in DLB and iRBD patients.With repeated MRI data during the follow-up in our prospective iRBD cohort,we investigated the longitudinal evolution of the cortical thickness signature toward Lewy body dementia.Finally,we analyzed the potential predictive value of cortical thickness signature as a biomarker of phenoconversion in iRBD cohort.Results The DLB-pattern was characterized by thinning of the temporal,orbitofrontal,and insular cortices and relative preservation of the precentral and inferior parietal cortices.The DLB-pattern expression scores correlated with attentional and frontal executive dysfunction(Trail Making Test-A and B:R=−0.55,P=0.024 and R=−0.56,P=0.036,respectively)as well as visuospatial impairment(Rey-figure copy test:R=−0.54,P=0.0047).The longitudinal trajectory of DLB-pattern revealed an increasing pattern above the cut-off in the dementia-first phenoconverters(Pearson’s correlation,R=0.74,P=6.8×10−4)but no significant change in parkinsonism-first phenoconverters(R=0.0
基金This work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program(No.N0002310)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE,Republic of Korea),Creative Materials Discovery Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by M inistry of Science and ICT(No.NRF-2018M3D1A1058972)the Materials and Components Technology Development Program program of MOTIE/KEIT(No.10080352,Development of polymer-based adhesive light concentration film for solar cell with 85%light transmittance,1 m2 area).
文摘The performance of solar cells is determined by three factors:the open-circuit voltage(Voc),short-circuit current density(Jsc),and fill factor(FF).The Voc and FF are determined by the material bandgap and the series/shunt resistance,respectively.However,Jsc is determined by the amount of incident light in addition to the bandgap of the material.In this study,a moth-eye pattern was formed on a glass surface via direct printing to increase the amount of incident light and thus increase Jsc-The moth-eye pattern is a typical antireflection pattern that reduces the reflection by gradually increasing the refractive index.A flat perovskite solar cell(F-PSC)and a moth-eye patterned perovskite solar cell(M-PSC)had Jsc values of 23.70 and 25.50 mA/cm^2,respectively.The power-conversion efficiencies of the F-PSC and M-PSC were 19.81%and 21.77%,respectively.
文摘为了研究飞行员在使用平视显示器(head up display,HUD)执行不同飞行任务时的行为模式,提出了一种包括飞行员眼动、头部运动和手部运动多种特征的行为识别框架。首先,开展行为模式研究实验,通过眼动仪获取眼部运动和头部运动,通过基于视频的手动跟踪获取手部运动。之后采用实验得到的结果对模型进行训练和测试。最后,对比了条件随机场和隐动态条件随机场在不同特征下的识别效果。结果表明,采用眼动特征加手部特征时,隐动态条件随机场模型对不同飞行任务的识别效果较好。
