Quasistationary discharge mode setting in the explosive-emission sources is related to the saturation of the cathode plasma emissive ability resulting in the decrease of the velocity of plasma propagation into the int...Quasistationary discharge mode setting in the explosive-emission sources is related to the saturation of the cathode plasma emissive ability resulting in the decrease of the velocity of plasma propagation into the interelectrode gap. It was shoran previously that the electron beam space charge providing the current rise slowing-down is of great importance in the process of the discharge mode stabilization. The paper considers a possibility of the discharge protraction at the expense of decrease of the ion charge order in the plasma composition and application of the directed plasma flows. The data concerning obtainig of micro- and millisecond electron beams in the explosive-emission sources are presented as well.展开更多
Formation of a quasi-stationary discharge or quasi-stationary emission mode in the explosive-emission electron sources is related to the current limitation resulting from the emissive ability saturation of cathode pla...Formation of a quasi-stationary discharge or quasi-stationary emission mode in the explosive-emission electron sources is related to the current limitation resulting from the emissive ability saturation of cathode plasma with its expansion. The paper shows that in the process of the discharge current stabilization in the explosive-emission sources with the point- or blade-type emitters the essential role belongs to the electron beam space charge. Availability of the space charge results in limitation of the current growth velocity at the initial discharge phase and, hence, restricts the emissive ability of the cathode plasma and contributes to its saturation. In the vacuum diodes with multiemitter cathodes, the space charge availability increases the cathode operation stability and can provide obtaining of quasi-stationary beam current values or close to them resulting in formation of a plasma emission surface at the cathode close to the continuous one.展开更多
Breakdown formation in the explosive-emission sources is related to the interelectrode gap filling with the cathode and anode plasma generated at the anode and in the gap under the beam influence. Under conditions of ...Breakdown formation in the explosive-emission sources is related to the interelectrode gap filling with the cathode and anode plasma generated at the anode and in the gap under the beam influence. Under conditions of saturation of the cathode plasma emissive ability as well as when the measures on the emission boundary stabilization are taken, the anode plasma has the deciding part in the formation of the electron source breakdown. The paper presents the results of the anode plasma investigations obtained to solve the problem of the electron beam length increase in the explosive-emission sources. The data concerning the gas release from the anode, the mechanism of the anode plasma formation and the anode plasma influence on the parameters of the generated electron beam are presented as well.展开更多
Breakdown formation in an explosive-emission electron source is related to the interelectrode gap filling with plasma propagating from the cathode and formed at the anode and in the interelectrode gap under the electr...Breakdown formation in an explosive-emission electron source is related to the interelectrode gap filling with plasma propagating from the cathode and formed at the anode and in the interelectrode gap under the electron beam action. Plasma anode is used to increase the beam current density. Preliminary interelectrode gap filling with plasma in the explosive-emission source decreases the influence of uncontrolled plasma arrival from the anode on the diode processes, promotes current density increase and duration of generated electron beams. The paper considers the influence of the cathode geometry on the breakdown formation in the plasma-anode explosive-emission electron source. The data on obtaining of microsecond electron beams with current density of 30 A/cm^2 and 1.5-2 kA/cm^2 are presented.展开更多
高功率微波(High power microwave,HPM)技术中最关键的技术是阴极材料技术,阴极材料的性能决定着高功率微波的输出功率。综述了目前所用的阴极材料的研究现状,主要分析对比了几种爆炸发射阴极材料的发射机制以及优缺点:以尖端场增强为...高功率微波(High power microwave,HPM)技术中最关键的技术是阴极材料技术,阴极材料的性能决定着高功率微波的输出功率。综述了目前所用的阴极材料的研究现状,主要分析对比了几种爆炸发射阴极材料的发射机制以及优缺点:以尖端场增强为发射机制的金属阴极由于熔点低、等离子体闭合速率快等问题,在高功率微波源技术中的应用受到了限制;天鹅绒的发射机制为表面闪烙点火,最大的缺点是阴极寿命短;碳纤维阴极不仅有尖端处的场发射,而且存在侧面的表面闪烙过程,高重复频率及长寿命的碳纤维阴极是目前研究的热点,热电离阴极发射电流密度有待提高;铁电阴极在HPM源中极具发展潜力。展开更多
文摘Quasistationary discharge mode setting in the explosive-emission sources is related to the saturation of the cathode plasma emissive ability resulting in the decrease of the velocity of plasma propagation into the interelectrode gap. It was shoran previously that the electron beam space charge providing the current rise slowing-down is of great importance in the process of the discharge mode stabilization. The paper considers a possibility of the discharge protraction at the expense of decrease of the ion charge order in the plasma composition and application of the directed plasma flows. The data concerning obtainig of micro- and millisecond electron beams in the explosive-emission sources are presented as well.
文摘Formation of a quasi-stationary discharge or quasi-stationary emission mode in the explosive-emission electron sources is related to the current limitation resulting from the emissive ability saturation of cathode plasma with its expansion. The paper shows that in the process of the discharge current stabilization in the explosive-emission sources with the point- or blade-type emitters the essential role belongs to the electron beam space charge. Availability of the space charge results in limitation of the current growth velocity at the initial discharge phase and, hence, restricts the emissive ability of the cathode plasma and contributes to its saturation. In the vacuum diodes with multiemitter cathodes, the space charge availability increases the cathode operation stability and can provide obtaining of quasi-stationary beam current values or close to them resulting in formation of a plasma emission surface at the cathode close to the continuous one.
文摘Breakdown formation in the explosive-emission sources is related to the interelectrode gap filling with the cathode and anode plasma generated at the anode and in the gap under the beam influence. Under conditions of saturation of the cathode plasma emissive ability as well as when the measures on the emission boundary stabilization are taken, the anode plasma has the deciding part in the formation of the electron source breakdown. The paper presents the results of the anode plasma investigations obtained to solve the problem of the electron beam length increase in the explosive-emission sources. The data concerning the gas release from the anode, the mechanism of the anode plasma formation and the anode plasma influence on the parameters of the generated electron beam are presented as well.
文摘Breakdown formation in an explosive-emission electron source is related to the interelectrode gap filling with plasma propagating from the cathode and formed at the anode and in the interelectrode gap under the electron beam action. Plasma anode is used to increase the beam current density. Preliminary interelectrode gap filling with plasma in the explosive-emission source decreases the influence of uncontrolled plasma arrival from the anode on the diode processes, promotes current density increase and duration of generated electron beams. The paper considers the influence of the cathode geometry on the breakdown formation in the plasma-anode explosive-emission electron source. The data on obtaining of microsecond electron beams with current density of 30 A/cm^2 and 1.5-2 kA/cm^2 are presented.
文摘高功率微波(High power microwave,HPM)技术中最关键的技术是阴极材料技术,阴极材料的性能决定着高功率微波的输出功率。综述了目前所用的阴极材料的研究现状,主要分析对比了几种爆炸发射阴极材料的发射机制以及优缺点:以尖端场增强为发射机制的金属阴极由于熔点低、等离子体闭合速率快等问题,在高功率微波源技术中的应用受到了限制;天鹅绒的发射机制为表面闪烙点火,最大的缺点是阴极寿命短;碳纤维阴极不仅有尖端处的场发射,而且存在侧面的表面闪烙过程,高重复频率及长寿命的碳纤维阴极是目前研究的热点,热电离阴极发射电流密度有待提高;铁电阴极在HPM源中极具发展潜力。
