Dementia is one of the greatest global challenges for health and social care in the 21st century.Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the most common type of dementia,is by no means an inevitable consequence of growing old.Severa...Dementia is one of the greatest global challenges for health and social care in the 21st century.Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the most common type of dementia,is by no means an inevitable consequence of growing old.Several lifestyle factors may increase,or reduce,an individual’s risk of developing AD.Much has been written over the ages about the benefits of exercise and physical activity.Among the risk factors associated with AD is a low level of physical activity.The relationship between physical and mental health was established several years ago.In this review,we discuss the role of exercise(aerobic and resistance)training as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment and prevention of AD.Older adults who exercise are more likely to maintain cognition.We address the main protective mechanism on brain function modulated by physical exercise by examining both human and animal studies.We will pay especial attention to the potential role of exercise in the modulation of amyloid b turnover,inflammation,synthesis and release of neurotrophins,and improvements in cerebral blood flow.Promoting changes in lifestyle in presymptomatic and predementia disease stages may have the potential for delaying one-third of dementias worldwide.Multimodal interventions that include the adoption of an active lifestyle should be recommended for older populations.展开更多
文摘目的评价个体化有氧运动联合抗阻运动对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血糖水平、心肺耐力、身体成分、生活质量的影响。方法 2016年9月至2017年12月,T2DM患者120例随机分为对照组(n=40)、有氧组(n=40)和联合组(n=40)。3组均行常规药物治疗、健康宣教和饮食指导,有氧组根据心肺运动试验结果进行个体化有氧训练,联合组在有氧组的基础上增加抗阻训练。治疗前和治疗3个月后,测定患者血糖水平、心肺耐力、身体成分和生活质量。结果两运动组治疗后空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胰岛素抵抗指数、峰值运动负荷、无氧阈、峰值摄氧量、代谢当量、氧脉搏、二氧化碳通气当量斜率、脂肪质量、瘦体质量、生活质量评分均较治疗前改善(t>2.422, P <0.05),联合组空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胰岛素抵抗指数、峰值运动负荷、瘦体质量、生活质量总分优于有氧组(P <0.05)。结论联合抗阻训练较单纯有氧训练能更有效降低T2DM患者血糖水平,增加瘦体重,提高生活质量,但对提高心肺耐力无明显优势。
基金TagedPThis work was supported by the following grants:Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funded by FEDER(Grant number PIE15/00013)SAF2016-75508-R from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science(MEC)+2 种基金CB16/10/00435(CIBERFES)PROMETEOII2014/056 from Conselleria,de Sanitat de la Generalitat Valenciana and EU Funded CM1001 and FRAILOMICHEALTH.2012.2.1.1-2ADVANTAGE-724099 Join Action(HP-JA)3rd EU Health Programme and DIALBFRAIL-LATAM(825546 H2020-SC1-BHC).
文摘Dementia is one of the greatest global challenges for health and social care in the 21st century.Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the most common type of dementia,is by no means an inevitable consequence of growing old.Several lifestyle factors may increase,or reduce,an individual’s risk of developing AD.Much has been written over the ages about the benefits of exercise and physical activity.Among the risk factors associated with AD is a low level of physical activity.The relationship between physical and mental health was established several years ago.In this review,we discuss the role of exercise(aerobic and resistance)training as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment and prevention of AD.Older adults who exercise are more likely to maintain cognition.We address the main protective mechanism on brain function modulated by physical exercise by examining both human and animal studies.We will pay especial attention to the potential role of exercise in the modulation of amyloid b turnover,inflammation,synthesis and release of neurotrophins,and improvements in cerebral blood flow.Promoting changes in lifestyle in presymptomatic and predementia disease stages may have the potential for delaying one-third of dementias worldwide.Multimodal interventions that include the adoption of an active lifestyle should be recommended for older populations.
