Africans fought against fascism in World War Ⅱ.More than a million African soldiers were engaged in this war,some as volunteers while most of them were forcibly conscripted.They fought in Africa,the Middle East,Europ...Africans fought against fascism in World War Ⅱ.More than a million African soldiers were engaged in this war,some as volunteers while most of them were forcibly conscripted.They fought in Africa,the Middle East,Europe and the Far East.But there contribution remains unacknowledged by the British and French because of racism and epistemologies of ignorance.Indeed,the World War Two memories discourse largely remains Eurocentric and tends to diminish the role played by other parts of world,especially Africa,in the World's Anti-Fascist War.This reflects the enduring Western hegemony in framing the World War 2 memories and historical narrative.Indeed,African scholars should be more assertive and unapologetic in highlighting Africa's outstanding contributions to the World's Anti-Fascist War,human rights and world peace.The days of marginalizing Africa in world history and global affairs are over.African scholars need to send that message loud and clear to the rest of the world.Africans must tell their own story to the world,on their own terms,assertively and unapologetically.展开更多
A diversity of methodologies can be utilized for knowledge building in social sciences, particularly in education. Nevertheless, in order to give meaning to the research findings and progressively create theories, an ...A diversity of methodologies can be utilized for knowledge building in social sciences, particularly in education. Nevertheless, in order to give meaning to the research findings and progressively create theories, an awareness of the epistemological framework appears to be necessary. The aim of this article is to present the main epistemological paradigms and their coherent correspondence with respective ontologies and corresponding methodologies. This article supports and describes four paradigms or epistemological traditions: logic empiricism, constructivism, conceptualism or Aristotelian tradition, and phenomenology. Understanding the diverse possible epistemologies as well as the coherence with methodologies is a necessary step for presenting well-informed research. Knowledge building requires comparison, replication, generalization or integration of results in theories, and all these processes need the critical instance of the epistemological and methodological coherence. Additionally some concrete examples of methodologies have been detailed to illustrate the diversity of available ways of knowledge building in education. The Review of Educational Theory, as a new journal that aims to create a scientific community, will increase the research quality by enhancing the epistemological and methodological awareness of their pieces of research.展开更多
Given the everlasting significance of knowledge in society and academia,this article proposes a theoretical and methodological perspective on conceptualizing and investigating it.Specifically,it aims to explore the ep...Given the everlasting significance of knowledge in society and academia,this article proposes a theoretical and methodological perspective on conceptualizing and investigating it.Specifically,it aims to explore the epistemological attitude(EA)theory and its semantic approach to assessing sources of knowledge.The article provides a concise overview of the EA theory,which advocates for a systemic perspective on cognition and knowledge.It introduces and elaborates on the core concept and model,which serve as the foundation for the proposed methodology.This methodology suggests examining knowledge objects through subjective,contextual,and epistemological realms as multi-level knowledge constructs.Emphasizing the importance of semantics in studying knowledge,categories,and meanings,the article proposes an epistemological attitude towards sources of knowledge semantic questionnaire.The article delves into the methodology,reflecting on its four consecutive stages.It begins with the formal and substantive stages,which involve selecting sources,choosing academic experts as target participants,and developing content.The procedural stage follows,in which an expert review approach is employed to assess the content validity of the method.Finally,the article discusses the semantic method,elucidating its structure,features,semantic categories,and assessment procedure.The proposed method provides a unique contribution by enabling the analysis of the epistemological and socio-psychological meanings of sources,representing them as semantic constructs.展开更多
The essay has two main purposes.The first consists of discussing some literary and philosophical thoughts on the epistemological value of science by one of the most famous and celebrated poets in Italian literature,Gi...The essay has two main purposes.The first consists of discussing some literary and philosophical thoughts on the epistemological value of science by one of the most famous and celebrated poets in Italian literature,Giacomo Leopardi.The poet firmly believes in the cognitive power of science,capable of revealing false beliefs with the light of reason.However,in his mature reflections,what will radically change will not be the value of scientific activity itself,always admirably accepted,but rather its true salvific force.Leopardi was not a scientist,but he used the scientific culture of his time to critically address the great existential themes of man concerning nature and the universe.He had amply demonstrated a scientific culture since his youthful'History of Astronomy',which would reappear in many of his other literary works.His deep and meditative reflections on the nature of finite and infinite space and time are a clear and fruitful testimony to this.However,Giacomo writes icastically,reason alone is not enough;it needs imagination.The second concerns a first reconstruction of the influence that the philosophy of Enlightenment had on Leopardi’s thought especially in relation to these topics:atheism,rejection of providentialism and anthropocentrism,the conception of nature,the question of the relationship between human and animal intelligence,the rejection of metaphysics,the importance of scientific knowledge.展开更多
It has been argued that, starting in the late 1920s, Lu Xun＇s intellectual development underwent a significant transformation constituting what the French Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser has termed an ＂epistemol...It has been argued that, starting in the late 1920s, Lu Xun＇s intellectual development underwent a significant transformation constituting what the French Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser has termed an ＂epistemological break.＂ Some of the explicitly more positive comments about the masses that Lu Xun made in his later years have been used to demonstrate this point. However, the existence of such a ＂break＂ is still debatable, and a detailed examination of Lu Xun＇s apparently optimistic comments reveals that Lu Xun possessed a more sophisticated understanding of the masses and the Chinese people. His understanding was informed by the concept of ＂national character.＂ This paper attempts to demonstrate the consistency of Lu Xun＇s view of the masses and the Chinese people and to resolve an apparent self-contradiction in Lu Xun＇s arguments.展开更多
文摘Africans fought against fascism in World War Ⅱ.More than a million African soldiers were engaged in this war,some as volunteers while most of them were forcibly conscripted.They fought in Africa,the Middle East,Europe and the Far East.But there contribution remains unacknowledged by the British and French because of racism and epistemologies of ignorance.Indeed,the World War Two memories discourse largely remains Eurocentric and tends to diminish the role played by other parts of world,especially Africa,in the World's Anti-Fascist War.This reflects the enduring Western hegemony in framing the World War 2 memories and historical narrative.Indeed,African scholars should be more assertive and unapologetic in highlighting Africa's outstanding contributions to the World's Anti-Fascist War,human rights and world peace.The days of marginalizing Africa in world history and global affairs are over.African scholars need to send that message loud and clear to the rest of the world.Africans must tell their own story to the world,on their own terms,assertively and unapologetically.
文摘A diversity of methodologies can be utilized for knowledge building in social sciences, particularly in education. Nevertheless, in order to give meaning to the research findings and progressively create theories, an awareness of the epistemological framework appears to be necessary. The aim of this article is to present the main epistemological paradigms and their coherent correspondence with respective ontologies and corresponding methodologies. This article supports and describes four paradigms or epistemological traditions: logic empiricism, constructivism, conceptualism or Aristotelian tradition, and phenomenology. Understanding the diverse possible epistemologies as well as the coherence with methodologies is a necessary step for presenting well-informed research. Knowledge building requires comparison, replication, generalization or integration of results in theories, and all these processes need the critical instance of the epistemological and methodological coherence. Additionally some concrete examples of methodologies have been detailed to illustrate the diversity of available ways of knowledge building in education. The Review of Educational Theory, as a new journal that aims to create a scientific community, will increase the research quality by enhancing the epistemological and methodological awareness of their pieces of research.
基金This research was funded by the ESF Project No.8.2.2.0/20/I/003“Strengthening of Professional Competence of Daugavpils University Academic Personnel of Strategic Specialization Branches 3rd Call”,Nr.14-85/14-2022/10.
文摘Given the everlasting significance of knowledge in society and academia,this article proposes a theoretical and methodological perspective on conceptualizing and investigating it.Specifically,it aims to explore the epistemological attitude(EA)theory and its semantic approach to assessing sources of knowledge.The article provides a concise overview of the EA theory,which advocates for a systemic perspective on cognition and knowledge.It introduces and elaborates on the core concept and model,which serve as the foundation for the proposed methodology.This methodology suggests examining knowledge objects through subjective,contextual,and epistemological realms as multi-level knowledge constructs.Emphasizing the importance of semantics in studying knowledge,categories,and meanings,the article proposes an epistemological attitude towards sources of knowledge semantic questionnaire.The article delves into the methodology,reflecting on its four consecutive stages.It begins with the formal and substantive stages,which involve selecting sources,choosing academic experts as target participants,and developing content.The procedural stage follows,in which an expert review approach is employed to assess the content validity of the method.Finally,the article discusses the semantic method,elucidating its structure,features,semantic categories,and assessment procedure.The proposed method provides a unique contribution by enabling the analysis of the epistemological and socio-psychological meanings of sources,representing them as semantic constructs.
文摘The essay has two main purposes.The first consists of discussing some literary and philosophical thoughts on the epistemological value of science by one of the most famous and celebrated poets in Italian literature,Giacomo Leopardi.The poet firmly believes in the cognitive power of science,capable of revealing false beliefs with the light of reason.However,in his mature reflections,what will radically change will not be the value of scientific activity itself,always admirably accepted,but rather its true salvific force.Leopardi was not a scientist,but he used the scientific culture of his time to critically address the great existential themes of man concerning nature and the universe.He had amply demonstrated a scientific culture since his youthful'History of Astronomy',which would reappear in many of his other literary works.His deep and meditative reflections on the nature of finite and infinite space and time are a clear and fruitful testimony to this.However,Giacomo writes icastically,reason alone is not enough;it needs imagination.The second concerns a first reconstruction of the influence that the philosophy of Enlightenment had on Leopardi’s thought especially in relation to these topics:atheism,rejection of providentialism and anthropocentrism,the conception of nature,the question of the relationship between human and animal intelligence,the rejection of metaphysics,the importance of scientific knowledge.
文摘It has been argued that, starting in the late 1920s, Lu Xun＇s intellectual development underwent a significant transformation constituting what the French Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser has termed an ＂epistemological break.＂ Some of the explicitly more positive comments about the masses that Lu Xun made in his later years have been used to demonstrate this point. However, the existence of such a ＂break＂ is still debatable, and a detailed examination of Lu Xun＇s apparently optimistic comments reveals that Lu Xun possessed a more sophisticated understanding of the masses and the Chinese people. His understanding was informed by the concept of ＂national character.＂ This paper attempts to demonstrate the consistency of Lu Xun＇s view of the masses and the Chinese people and to resolve an apparent self-contradiction in Lu Xun＇s arguments.
