A photoanode with Ga-doped ZnO nanorods has been prepared on F-doped SnO2 (FTO) coated glass substrate and its application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) has been investigated. Ga-doped ZnO nanorods have been s...A photoanode with Ga-doped ZnO nanorods has been prepared on F-doped SnO2 (FTO) coated glass substrate and its application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) has been investigated. Ga-doped ZnO nanorods have been synthesized by an electric-field-assisted wet chemical approach at 80?C. Under a direct current electric field, the nanorods predominantly grow on cathodes. The results of the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and photoluminescence verify that Ga dopant is successfully incorporated into the ZnO wurtzite lattice structure. Finally, employing Ga-doped ZnO nanorods with the length of ~5 μm as the photoanode of DSSCs, an overall energy conversion efficiency of 2.56% is achieved. The dramatically improved performance of Ga-doped ZnO based DSSCs compared with that of pure ZnO is due to the higher electron conductivity.展开更多
Soda-lime glasses were treated by electric field-assisted diffusion（EFAD） process. The mechanical properties and structural evolution on both glass anode and cathode surfaces were investigated, respectively. It was ...Soda-lime glasses were treated by electric field-assisted diffusion（EFAD） process. The mechanical properties and structural evolution on both glass anode and cathode surfaces were investigated, respectively. It was found that the EFAD resulted in the formation of a Na depletion layer on anode surface, which caused the relaxation of the glass anode surface network and the formation of a number of defects. Correspondingly, the hardness and flexural strength declined in anode surface compared to that of the original glass. On the other hand, the EFAD also created a compressive layer on cathode surface, causing the improvement of the hardness and flexural strength on cathode surface. The defected structure could be reconstructed by additional annealing process.展开更多
为验证直流/交流电场对甲烷—空气预混球形传播火焰的助燃机理,模拟研究了火焰分别受气动效应、热效应和两者叠加作用的影响。采用的模拟方法是:向火焰锋面Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程添加动量源项和能量源项。进行了相关的实验,以验证模拟...为验证直流/交流电场对甲烷—空气预混球形传播火焰的助燃机理,模拟研究了火焰分别受气动效应、热效应和两者叠加作用的影响。采用的模拟方法是:向火焰锋面Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程添加动量源项和能量源项。进行了相关的实验,以验证模拟的正确性。结果表明:直流电场对火焰的影响主要是气动效应,火焰锋面内粒子的迁移和涡流是其中的主要因素。在1 k Hz以下的低频交流电场中,电场对火焰的影响主要是气动效应和热效应的叠加作用。而在1 k Hz以上的高频交流电场中,因该频率远高于粒子响应所需,故不存在气动效应,此时电场对火焰的影响是由热效应产生的。展开更多
文摘A photoanode with Ga-doped ZnO nanorods has been prepared on F-doped SnO2 (FTO) coated glass substrate and its application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) has been investigated. Ga-doped ZnO nanorods have been synthesized by an electric-field-assisted wet chemical approach at 80?C. Under a direct current electric field, the nanorods predominantly grow on cathodes. The results of the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and photoluminescence verify that Ga dopant is successfully incorporated into the ZnO wurtzite lattice structure. Finally, employing Ga-doped ZnO nanorods with the length of ~5 μm as the photoanode of DSSCs, an overall energy conversion efficiency of 2.56% is achieved. The dramatically improved performance of Ga-doped ZnO based DSSCs compared with that of pure ZnO is due to the higher electron conductivity.
基金Funded by Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(No.12nm0504700)
文摘Soda-lime glasses were treated by electric field-assisted diffusion（EFAD） process. The mechanical properties and structural evolution on both glass anode and cathode surfaces were investigated, respectively. It was found that the EFAD resulted in the formation of a Na depletion layer on anode surface, which caused the relaxation of the glass anode surface network and the formation of a number of defects. Correspondingly, the hardness and flexural strength declined in anode surface compared to that of the original glass. On the other hand, the EFAD also created a compressive layer on cathode surface, causing the improvement of the hardness and flexural strength on cathode surface. The defected structure could be reconstructed by additional annealing process.
文摘为验证直流/交流电场对甲烷—空气预混球形传播火焰的助燃机理,模拟研究了火焰分别受气动效应、热效应和两者叠加作用的影响。采用的模拟方法是:向火焰锋面Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程添加动量源项和能量源项。进行了相关的实验,以验证模拟的正确性。结果表明:直流电场对火焰的影响主要是气动效应,火焰锋面内粒子的迁移和涡流是其中的主要因素。在1 k Hz以下的低频交流电场中,电场对火焰的影响主要是气动效应和热效应的叠加作用。而在1 k Hz以上的高频交流电场中,因该频率远高于粒子响应所需,故不存在气动效应,此时电场对火焰的影响是由热效应产生的。
