对6种化学除草剂防除胡麻田稗草的药效、安全性及其对胡麻产量、经济性状影响进行田间试验研究。结果表明:使用烯草酮216.00 g a.i./hm^2、精喹禾灵45.00 g a.i./hm^2、炔草酯78.75 g a.i./hm^2、精吡氟禾草灵157.50 g a.i./hm^2可以安...对6种化学除草剂防除胡麻田稗草的药效、安全性及其对胡麻产量、经济性状影响进行田间试验研究。结果表明:使用烯草酮216.00 g a.i./hm^2、精喹禾灵45.00 g a.i./hm^2、炔草酯78.75 g a.i./hm^2、精吡氟禾草灵157.50 g a.i./hm^2可以安全有效的防除胡麻田稗草,株防效97.73%~98.14%,鲜重防效99.64%~99.82%,提高产量18.84%~51.82%。展开更多
Rice false smut is caused by ascomycete Villosiclava virens, whose potential alternative hosts have been assumed previ- ously. Here its potential alternative hosts were surveyed and identified from 2008 to 2013 in the...Rice false smut is caused by ascomycete Villosiclava virens, whose potential alternative hosts have been assumed previ- ously. Here its potential alternative hosts were surveyed and identified from 2008 to 2013 in the main rice-growing regions in China. Two common weeds in paddy fields, Digitaria sanguinalis Scop. and Echinochloa crusgalli （L.） Beauv., were found to present the similar symptoms to smut diseases in a few individuals in 2012 and 2013 in Zhejiang and Sichuan provinces of China, respectively. After the examinations of the spore morphology, their infection and extension mode in hosts, pathogen cell wall components, and molecular identification, the two pathogens were identified to be the Basidiomycetes, Ustilago syntherismae and Ustilago trichophora, respectively. So far there has been no alternative host of V. virens to be identified in China. These suggest that the alternative hosts of V. virens, if they do exist, are not possible to play an important role in the pathogen life cycle and the disease epidemics.展开更多
为有效控制福建地区直播稻田禾本科杂草的危害，以莆田市仙游县游洋乡的水稻种植基地为试验点，选择测定1％噁嗪草酮悬浮剂、10％双草醚悬浮剂和20％氰氟草酯油悬浮剂等3种除草剂对稗草、千金子等禾本科杂草的防治效果，筛选确定最佳除...为有效控制福建地区直播稻田禾本科杂草的危害，以莆田市仙游县游洋乡的水稻种植基地为试验点，选择测定1％噁嗪草酮悬浮剂、10％双草醚悬浮剂和20％氰氟草酯油悬浮剂等3种除草剂对稗草、千金子等禾本科杂草的防治效果，筛选确定最佳除草剂及其理想的田间使用浓度。结果表明：20％氰氟草酯油悬浮剂是防治直播稻田中稗草、千金子等禾本科杂草最佳的除草剂，田间推荐使用浓度为45～105 g · hm^ －2（有效成分）兑水675 L · hm ^－2，药后30 d防治效果达均可80.00％以上，无药害产生，对水稻安全。展开更多
文摘对6种化学除草剂防除胡麻田稗草的药效、安全性及其对胡麻产量、经济性状影响进行田间试验研究。结果表明:使用烯草酮216.00 g a.i./hm^2、精喹禾灵45.00 g a.i./hm^2、炔草酯78.75 g a.i./hm^2、精吡氟禾草灵157.50 g a.i./hm^2可以安全有效的防除胡麻田稗草,株防效97.73%~98.14%,鲜重防效99.64%~99.82%,提高产量18.84%~51.82%。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271999)the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest, China (200903039-5)
文摘Rice false smut is caused by ascomycete Villosiclava virens, whose potential alternative hosts have been assumed previ- ously. Here its potential alternative hosts were surveyed and identified from 2008 to 2013 in the main rice-growing regions in China. Two common weeds in paddy fields, Digitaria sanguinalis Scop. and Echinochloa crusgalli （L.） Beauv., were found to present the similar symptoms to smut diseases in a few individuals in 2012 and 2013 in Zhejiang and Sichuan provinces of China, respectively. After the examinations of the spore morphology, their infection and extension mode in hosts, pathogen cell wall components, and molecular identification, the two pathogens were identified to be the Basidiomycetes, Ustilago syntherismae and Ustilago trichophora, respectively. So far there has been no alternative host of V. virens to be identified in China. These suggest that the alternative hosts of V. virens, if they do exist, are not possible to play an important role in the pathogen life cycle and the disease epidemics.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China( 3 0 170 164 ) Doctoral Foundation of the Ministry of Education( 2 0 0 0 0 3 0 70 8) Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China ( 863 Program :2 0 0 1AA2 460 12 ) and the Natural ScienceFound
文摘为有效控制福建地区直播稻田禾本科杂草的危害，以莆田市仙游县游洋乡的水稻种植基地为试验点，选择测定1％噁嗪草酮悬浮剂、10％双草醚悬浮剂和20％氰氟草酯油悬浮剂等3种除草剂对稗草、千金子等禾本科杂草的防治效果，筛选确定最佳除草剂及其理想的田间使用浓度。结果表明：20％氰氟草酯油悬浮剂是防治直播稻田中稗草、千金子等禾本科杂草最佳的除草剂，田间推荐使用浓度为45～105 g · hm^ －2（有效成分）兑水675 L · hm ^－2，药后30 d防治效果达均可80.00％以上，无药害产生，对水稻安全。
