采用开顶式生长室(open top chamber,OTC)模拟增温,同步监测了亚高山人工针叶林和天然针叶林表层土壤温、湿度的变化,以及模拟增温初期土壤转化酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性的变化.结果表明:在整个生长季节中,OTC使人工林和天...采用开顶式生长室(open top chamber,OTC)模拟增温,同步监测了亚高山人工针叶林和天然针叶林表层土壤温、湿度的变化,以及模拟增温初期土壤转化酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性的变化.结果表明:在整个生长季节中,OTC使人工林和天然林5cm土壤日平均温度分别增加0.61℃和0.56℃,10cm体积含水量分别下降4.10%和2.55%;模拟增温增加了土壤转化酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性.增温与林型的交互作用对土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性有显著影响,而对转化酶和多酚氧化酶影响不显著.增温对过氧化氢酶活性的影响与季节变化相关.在各处理下,天然林土壤酶活性显著高于人工林.土壤酶活性季节动态与土壤温度有着较大相关性,而与土壤水分季节变化关系不明显.模拟增温易于增加土壤酶活性,但增温效应和林型、酶种类和季节变化有一定关系;亚高山针叶林土壤酶活性主要受控于土壤温度,而与土壤水分关系不大.展开更多
A teleseismic profile consisting of 26 stations was deployed along 30°N latitude in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. By use of the inversion of P-wave receiver function, the S-wave velocity structures at depth from s...A teleseismic profile consisting of 26 stations was deployed along 30°N latitude in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. By use of the inversion of P-wave receiver function, the S-wave velocity structures at depth from surface to 80 km beneath the profile have been determined. The inversion results reveal that there is significant lateral variation of the crustal structure between the tectonic blocks on the profile. From Linzhi north of the eastern Himalayan Syntaxis, the crust is gradually thickened in NE direction; the crustal thickness reaches to the maximum value (~72 km) at the Bangong-Nujiang suture, and then decreased to 65 km in the Qiangtang block, to 57―64 km in the Bayan Har block, and to 40―45 km in the Sichuan Basin. The eastern segment of the teleseismic profile (to the east of Batang) coincides geographically with the Zhubalong-Zizhong deep seismic sounding profile carried out in 2000, and the S-wave velocity structure determined from receiver functions is consistent with the P-wave velocity structure obtained by deep seismic sounding in respect of the depths of Moho and major crustal interfaces. In the Qiangtang and the Bayan Har blocks, the lower velocity layer is widespread in the lower crust (at depth of 30―60 km) along the profile, while there is a normal velocity distribution in lower crust in the Sichuan Basin. On an average, the crustal velocity ratio (Poisson ratio) in tectonic blocks on the profile is 1.73 (σ = 0.247) in the Lhasa block, 1.78 (σ = 0.269) in the Banggong-Nujiang suture, 1.80 (σ = 0.275) in the Qiangtang block, 1.86 (σ = 0.294) in the Bayan Har blocks, and 1.77 (σ = 0.265) in the Yangtze block, respectively. The Qiangtang and the Bayan Har blocks are characterized by lower S-wave velocity anomaly in lower crust, complicated Moho transition, and higher crustal Poisson ratio, indicating that there is a hot and weak medium in lower crust. These are considered as the deep environment of lower crustal flow in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Flowage of the ductile material in lo展开更多
The variations of summer and winter monsoons during the Holocene in theeastern Tibetan Plateau are shown to follow two basic models based on the reliable dating andhigh-resolution monsoon proxies determinations, one b...The variations of summer and winter monsoons during the Holocene in theeastern Tibetan Plateau are shown to follow two basic models based on the reliable dating andhigh-resolution monsoon proxies determinations, one being a synchronous model in that both summerand winter monsoons are strengthening or decreasing, and the other to form a complementary pattern.These two different patterns evenly interact with each other on different time scales and togethercompose a complicated monsoon climatic model in this region. The climatic condition integrated bywinter and summer monsoons is synchronous to the global pattern, which also shows the instability ofthe Holocene climate on centennial-millennial timescale. The abrupt monsoon event in about 6.2 kacat. BP is much more severe than that in ca. 8.0 ka cal. BP, which indicates the regional characterof the Asian monsoon and that the Asian monsoon climate is indeed a window on the global climatesystem.展开更多
The variability of the summer rainfall over China is analyzed using the EOF procedure with a new parameter （namely, mode station variance percentage） based on 1951-2000 summer rainfall data from 160 stations in Chin...The variability of the summer rainfall over China is analyzed using the EOF procedure with a new parameter （namely, mode station variance percentage） based on 1951-2000 summer rainfall data from 160 stations in China. Compared with mode variance friction, the mode station variance percentage not only reveals more localized characteristics of the variability of the summer rainfall, but also helps to distinguish the regions with a high degree of dominant EOF modes representing the analyzed observational variable. The atmospheric circulation diagnostic studies with the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis daily data from 1966 to 2000 show that in summer, abundant （scarce） rainfall in the belt-area from the upper-middle reaches of the Yangtze River northeastward to the Huaihe River basin is linked to strong （weak） heat sources over the eastern Tibetan Plateau, while the abundant （scarce） rainfall in the area to the south of the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River is closely linked to the weak （strong） heat sources over the tropical western Pacific.展开更多
文摘采用开顶式生长室(open top chamber,OTC)模拟增温,同步监测了亚高山人工针叶林和天然针叶林表层土壤温、湿度的变化,以及模拟增温初期土壤转化酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性的变化.结果表明:在整个生长季节中,OTC使人工林和天然林5cm土壤日平均温度分别增加0.61℃和0.56℃,10cm体积含水量分别下降4.10%和2.55%;模拟增温增加了土壤转化酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性.增温与林型的交互作用对土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性有显著影响,而对转化酶和多酚氧化酶影响不显著.增温对过氧化氢酶活性的影响与季节变化相关.在各处理下,天然林土壤酶活性显著高于人工林.土壤酶活性季节动态与土壤温度有着较大相关性,而与土壤水分季节变化关系不明显.模拟增温易于增加土壤酶活性,但增温效应和林型、酶种类和季节变化有一定关系;亚高山针叶林土壤酶活性主要受控于土壤温度,而与土壤水分关系不大.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 40334041 and 40774037)the International Cooperation Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No.2003DF000011)
文摘A teleseismic profile consisting of 26 stations was deployed along 30°N latitude in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. By use of the inversion of P-wave receiver function, the S-wave velocity structures at depth from surface to 80 km beneath the profile have been determined. The inversion results reveal that there is significant lateral variation of the crustal structure between the tectonic blocks on the profile. From Linzhi north of the eastern Himalayan Syntaxis, the crust is gradually thickened in NE direction; the crustal thickness reaches to the maximum value (~72 km) at the Bangong-Nujiang suture, and then decreased to 65 km in the Qiangtang block, to 57―64 km in the Bayan Har block, and to 40―45 km in the Sichuan Basin. The eastern segment of the teleseismic profile (to the east of Batang) coincides geographically with the Zhubalong-Zizhong deep seismic sounding profile carried out in 2000, and the S-wave velocity structure determined from receiver functions is consistent with the P-wave velocity structure obtained by deep seismic sounding in respect of the depths of Moho and major crustal interfaces. In the Qiangtang and the Bayan Har blocks, the lower velocity layer is widespread in the lower crust (at depth of 30―60 km) along the profile, while there is a normal velocity distribution in lower crust in the Sichuan Basin. On an average, the crustal velocity ratio (Poisson ratio) in tectonic blocks on the profile is 1.73 (σ = 0.247) in the Lhasa block, 1.78 (σ = 0.269) in the Banggong-Nujiang suture, 1.80 (σ = 0.275) in the Qiangtang block, 1.86 (σ = 0.294) in the Bayan Har blocks, and 1.77 (σ = 0.265) in the Yangtze block, respectively. The Qiangtang and the Bayan Har blocks are characterized by lower S-wave velocity anomaly in lower crust, complicated Moho transition, and higher crustal Poisson ratio, indicating that there is a hot and weak medium in lower crust. These are considered as the deep environment of lower crustal flow in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Flowage of the ductile material in lo
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2004CB720200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40121303,40531003 and 40523002)+1 种基金the Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China for preresearch of the momentous scientific experiments(Grant No.2001CCB00100)the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology(Grant No.SKLLQG0314).
文摘The variations of summer and winter monsoons during the Holocene in theeastern Tibetan Plateau are shown to follow two basic models based on the reliable dating andhigh-resolution monsoon proxies determinations, one being a synchronous model in that both summerand winter monsoons are strengthening or decreasing, and the other to form a complementary pattern.These two different patterns evenly interact with each other on different time scales and togethercompose a complicated monsoon climatic model in this region. The climatic condition integrated bywinter and summer monsoons is synchronous to the global pattern, which also shows the instability ofthe Holocene climate on centennial-millennial timescale. The abrupt monsoon event in about 6.2 kacat. BP is much more severe than that in ca. 8.0 ka cal. BP, which indicates the regional characterof the Asian monsoon and that the Asian monsoon climate is indeed a window on the global climatesystem.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Program for Developing Basic Research （Grant No. 2004CB418303）the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 40175018）.
文摘The variability of the summer rainfall over China is analyzed using the EOF procedure with a new parameter （namely, mode station variance percentage） based on 1951-2000 summer rainfall data from 160 stations in China. Compared with mode variance friction, the mode station variance percentage not only reveals more localized characteristics of the variability of the summer rainfall, but also helps to distinguish the regions with a high degree of dominant EOF modes representing the analyzed observational variable. The atmospheric circulation diagnostic studies with the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis daily data from 1966 to 2000 show that in summer, abundant （scarce） rainfall in the belt-area from the upper-middle reaches of the Yangtze River northeastward to the Huaihe River basin is linked to strong （weak） heat sources over the eastern Tibetan Plateau, while the abundant （scarce） rainfall in the area to the south of the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River is closely linked to the weak （strong） heat sources over the tropical western Pacific.
