Like straw, biochar incorporation can influence soil microorganisms and enzyme activities and soil carbon(C) responses;however,few studies have compared the various effects of straw and biochar and the underlying mech...Like straw, biochar incorporation can influence soil microorganisms and enzyme activities and soil carbon(C) responses;however,few studies have compared the various effects of straw and biochar and the underlying mechanisms. An experiment was performed to study the changes in soil respiration(SR) and soil organic C(SOC) fluxes in response to the incorporation of three kinds of straw(reed, smooth cordgrass, and rice) and their pyrolyzed products(biochars) at Chongming Island, China. In addition, the microbial activity and community structure of some amended soils were also analyzed to clarify the mechanisms of these responses. The results showed that all biochar incorporation(BC) induced lower SR than the corresponding unpyrolyzed straw incorporation(ST), and the average SR in the soils following BC and ST during the experimental periods was 21.69 and 65.32 μmol CO2 m^-2s^-1, respectively.Furthermore, the average SOC content was 16.97 g kg-1 following BC, which was higher than that(13.71 g kg-1) following ST,indicating that compared to ST, BC was a low-C strategy, even after accounting for the C loss during biochar production. Among the BC treatments, reed-BC induced the lowest SR(17.04 μmol CO2 m^-2s^-1), whereas smooth cordgrass-BC induced the highest SR(27.02 μmol CO2 m^-2s^-1). Furthermore, in contrast with ST, BC significantly increased the abundance of some bacteria with poorer mineralization or better humification ability, which led to lower SR. The lower easily oxidizable C(EOC) and higher total C contents of biochars induced lower SR and higher SOC in the soil following BC compared to that following ST. Among the BC treatments,the higher total nitrogen content of rice biochar led to significantly higher soil microbial biomass, and the lower EOC content of reed biochar led to lower soil microbial activity and SR.展开更多
Land-use and soil management affects soil organic carbon （SOC） pools, nitrogen, salinity and the depth distribution. The objective of this study was to estimate land-use effects on the distribution of SOC, labile fr...Land-use and soil management affects soil organic carbon （SOC） pools, nitrogen, salinity and the depth distribution. The objective of this study was to estimate land-use effects on the distribution of SOC, labile fractions C, nitrogen （N） and salinity in saline-alkaline wetlands in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. Three land-use types were selected： intact saline-alkaline meadow wetland, artificial shrubbery （planting Tamarix） and farmland （cultivated for 18 years） of soils previously under meadow wetland. SOC, easily oxidized carbon, microbial biomass carbon, total N, NO3--N and salinity concentrations were measured. The results show that SOC and labile fraction carbon contents decreased significantly with increasing soil depth in the three land-use wetlands. The labile fraction carbon contents in the topsoil （0-20cm） in cultivated soils were significantly higher than that in intact meadow wetland and artificial shrubbery soil. The aboveground biomass and soil permeability were the primary influencing factors on the contents of SOC and the labile carbon in the intact meadow wetland and artificial shrubbery soil, however, the farming practice was a factor in cultivated soil. Agricultural measures can effectively reduce the salinity contents; however, it caused a significant increase of NO 3--N concentrations which posed a threat to groundwater quality in the study area.展开更多
Labile organic carbon（LOC） is one of the most important indicators of soil organic matter quality and dynamics elevation and plays important function in the Tibetan Plateau climate. However, it is unknown what the s...Labile organic carbon（LOC） is one of the most important indicators of soil organic matter quality and dynamics elevation and plays important function in the Tibetan Plateau climate. However, it is unknown what the sources and causes of LOC contamination are. In this study, soil organic carbon（SOC）, total nitrogen（TN）, microbial biomass carbon（MBC）, microbial biomass nitrogen（MBN） and LOC were analyzed based on different soil horizons and elevations using turnover time in an experimental site（3700 m to 4300 m area） in Sygera. SOC and LOC in higher-elevation vegetation types were higher than that of in lower-elevation vegetation types. Our results presented that the soil microbial biomass carbon（SMBC） and soil microbial biomass nitrogen（SMBN）were positively correlated with SOC. The content of easily oxidized carbon（EOC）, particulate organic carbon（POC） and light fraction organic carbon（LFOC） decreased with depth increasing and the content were the lowest in the 60 cm to 100 cm depth.The total SOC, ROC and POC contents decreased with increasing soil horizons. The SOC, TN, MBC and MBN contents increased with increasing altitude in the Sygera Mountains. The MBC and MBN contents weredifferent with the changes of SOC（p＆lt;0.05）,meanwhile, both LFOC and POC were related to total SOC（p＆lt;0.05）. The physical and chemical properties of soil, including temperature, humidity, and altitude,were involved in the regulation of SOC, TN, MBC,MBN and LFOC contents in the Sygera Mountains,Tibetan Plateau.展开更多
Investigating the impacts of soil conversion on soil organic carbon(OC) content and its fractions within soil aggregates is essential for defining better strategies to improve soil structure and OC sequestration in te...Investigating the impacts of soil conversion on soil organic carbon(OC) content and its fractions within soil aggregates is essential for defining better strategies to improve soil structure and OC sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the consequences of soil conversion from paddy soil to upland soil for soil aggregates and intra-aggregate OC pools are poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify the effects of soil conversion on soil aggregate and intra-aggregate OC pool distributions. Four typical rice-producing areas were chosen in North and South China, paired soil samples(upland soil converted from paddy soil more than ten years ago vs. adjacent paddy soil) were collected(0–20 cm) with three replicates in each area. A set of core parameters(OC preservation capacity, aggregate carbon(C) turnover, and biological activity index) were evaluated to assess the responses of intra-aggregate OC turnover to soil conversion. Results showed that soil conversion from paddy soil to upland soil significantly improved the formation of macro-aggregates and increased aggregate stability. It also notably decreased soil intra-aggregate OC pools, including easily oxidized OCa(EOCa), particulate OCa(POCa), and mineral-bound(MOCa) OC, and the sensitivity of aggregate-associated OC pools to soil conversion followed the order: EOCa(average reduction of 21.1%) > MOCa(average reduction of 15.4%) > POCa(average reduction of 14.8%). The potentially mineralizable C(C_(0)) was significantly higher in upland soil than in paddy soil, but the corresponding decay constant(k) was lower in upland soil than in paddy soil. Random forest model and partial correlation analysis showed that EOCa and pH were the important nutrient and physicochemical factors impacting k of C mineralization in paddy soil,while MOCa and C-related enzyme(β-D-cellobiohydrolase) were identified as the key factors in upland soil. In conclusion, this study evidenced that soil conversion from paddy soil to upland soil increased the展开更多
In view of the low thrust power ratio caused by the high resistance of pulsed plasma thruster using water propellant,the paper argues that the easily ionized elements Na and K with low ionic potentials are added in th...In view of the low thrust power ratio caused by the high resistance of pulsed plasma thruster using water propellant,the paper argues that the easily ionized elements Na and K with low ionic potentials are added in the water propellant to improve its performance. The measurement of the discharging current and plasma emission spectrographic analysis prove the improvement. The experiments show that the elements Na and K have certain effect on the improvement of the performance of pulsed plasma thruster: In comparison with water propellant,the NaCl and KCl water propellant has a lower total resistance and a higher ratio of thruster power and specific impulse,and the NaCl water propellant has a slightly stronger effect on pulsed plasma thruster than the KCl. The plasma emission spectrographic analysis is in consistent with the experiment of measuring the discharging current: The elements Na and K can intensify the plasma emission spectrographic signal.展开更多
Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）：AD,a neurodegenerative disorder and a significant cause of dementia throughout the world mostly affects the older adults but sometimes also seen in young age（early state AD）（Agrawal et a...Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）：AD,a neurodegenerative disorder and a significant cause of dementia throughout the world mostly affects the older adults but sometimes also seen in young age（early state AD）（Agrawal et al.,2017）.展开更多
In inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis, only a few options are available to deal with non-spectroscopic interferences. Considering that diluting the sample is impractical for traces analysis...In inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis, only a few options are available to deal with non-spectroscopic interferences. Considering that diluting the sample is impractical for traces analysis, other alternatives must be employed. Traditionally, the method of standard additions is used to correct the matrix effect but it is a time consuming method. Others methods involves separation techniques. Another way to overcome matrix interferences is to understand the mechanism involved and adjust plasma viewing conditions to reduce or eliminate the effect. In this study, the effect of various concomitant elements in ICP-MS was assessed by measuring the distribution of selected singly charged analyte ions (Al, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, As, In, Ba, La, Ce, Pb), doubly charged ions (La, Ce, Ba and Pb) and oxides ions (BaO) in the presence of concomitant elements spanning a mass range from 23 (Na) to 133 (Cs) u.m.a. and different ionization energies. Concomitant elements are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and Si. Analyte ion suppression was observed while moving the ICP across and away from the sampling interface with or without a single concomitant element. Matrix effect measures were realised, firstly, to highlight the relation between the signal extinction of an analyte and the masse of the concomitant element, and secondly to highlight the relation between the removal of the analyte signal and the first ionization energy of the element of matrix. A dependence upon both the mass of the matrix element and the mass of the analyte was observed. The suppression seems increased with increasing matrix element mass and decreased with increasing analyte mass. The effect of the mass of the matrix element was the more significant of the two factors. If space-charge effects were found to be significant for matrix elements of much lower mass, it seems diffusion also played an active part for heavier matrix elements. Finally, some evidence was found for a shift in ion-atom equilibrium for dications and 展开更多
Ultrafine polypropylene fibers are prepared frompolypropylene/easily hydro - degraded polyester （PP/EHDPET） blend fibers, in which file EHDPET compo-nent is degradable by treating with NaOH - H<sub>2</sub&g...Ultrafine polypropylene fibers are prepared frompolypropylene/easily hydro - degraded polyester （PP/EHDPET） blend fibers, in which file EHDPET compo-nent is degradable by treating with NaOH - H<sub>2</sub>O solu-tion. We investigated the morphology of PP/EHDPETblend fibers before and after stretching and alkalinehydrolysis. Then thermal behavior of the blend has alsobeen studied.展开更多
Polypropylene superfine fibers or cell porous fibers were prepared from the bi-component blend fibers of polypropylene/easlly hydro-degraded polyester(PP/EHDPET)by alkaline hydrolysis process. EHDPET is a kind of copo...Polypropylene superfine fibers or cell porous fibers were prepared from the bi-component blend fibers of polypropylene/easlly hydro-degraded polyester(PP/EHDPET)by alkaline hydrolysis process. EHDPET is a kind of copolyester that can be rapidly hydro-degraded in the hot alkaline solution. This paper discussed the kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis of EHDPET, and the effect of catalyst, bulk ratio and the content of polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) on the alkaline hydrolysis process. Meanwhile, the morphological change of the outer surface of blend fibers during this process was also investigated by the technology of scanning electron microscope (SEM).展开更多
Dear teacher,I want to recommend Bob to be our new monitor.It is clear that he has a lot of strong qualities for this position.First of all,he is such a helpful person that he is ready to give a helping hand any time....Dear teacher,I want to recommend Bob to be our new monitor.It is clear that he has a lot of strong qualities for this position.First of all,he is such a helpful person that he is ready to give a helping hand any time.If we have any trouble,he will listen to us carefully and then offer us useful advice.Besides,we all think him smart.He is able to solve difficult problems easily.It is quite simple for him to achieve a balance between his hobby and his schoolwork.Moreover,he is confident.He believes that he can do almost anything if he tries his best.Also,he does things carefully and never forgets the things he needs to do.展开更多
Soils under broad-leaved,masson pine,Chinese fir and bamboo forests in the area of Huzhou,Zhejiang were collected and analyzed in January 2000.Soil total organic carbon(TOC) under broad-leaved and bamboo forests were ...Soils under broad-leaved,masson pine,Chinese fir and bamboo forests in the area of Huzhou,Zhejiang were collected and analyzed in January 2000.Soil total organic carbon(TOC) under broad-leaved and bamboo forests were considerately higher than(P<0.01)those under masson pine and Chinese fir.There was no significant differences in microbial biomass carbon(MBC) in soils among various types of vegetation,however,the bamboo stands constituted a lower(P<0.05) proportion of MBC compared with broad-leaved forest,masson pine and Chinese fir were similar in MBC to TOC,indicating that intensive management in bamboo stand reduced the proportion of soil MBC in TOC.MBC in soils under broad-leaved forest,masson pine forest and Chinese fir forest had strong positive relationships with the corresponding TOCs,the correlation coefficients were respective 0.744 4,0.648 4 and 0.552 1.It was found that soil easily oxidizable carbon(EOC) in bamboo forest was much higher than those in the other 3 forests.The higher percentages of EOC were detected from soils under bamboo forest(52.40%) and Chinese fir forest(50.50%) compared with broad-leaved forest(48.90%) and masson pine forest(45.74%).Soil EOC for all 4 forests were closely correlated(P<0.01)with the correspondent TOCs.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.215-77101)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC0506004)the Science and Technology Developmental Fund Projects of Pudong District,China(No.PKJ2015-C11)
文摘Like straw, biochar incorporation can influence soil microorganisms and enzyme activities and soil carbon(C) responses;however,few studies have compared the various effects of straw and biochar and the underlying mechanisms. An experiment was performed to study the changes in soil respiration(SR) and soil organic C(SOC) fluxes in response to the incorporation of three kinds of straw(reed, smooth cordgrass, and rice) and their pyrolyzed products(biochars) at Chongming Island, China. In addition, the microbial activity and community structure of some amended soils were also analyzed to clarify the mechanisms of these responses. The results showed that all biochar incorporation(BC) induced lower SR than the corresponding unpyrolyzed straw incorporation(ST), and the average SR in the soils following BC and ST during the experimental periods was 21.69 and 65.32 μmol CO2 m^-2s^-1, respectively.Furthermore, the average SOC content was 16.97 g kg-1 following BC, which was higher than that(13.71 g kg-1) following ST,indicating that compared to ST, BC was a low-C strategy, even after accounting for the C loss during biochar production. Among the BC treatments, reed-BC induced the lowest SR(17.04 μmol CO2 m^-2s^-1), whereas smooth cordgrass-BC induced the highest SR(27.02 μmol CO2 m^-2s^-1). Furthermore, in contrast with ST, BC significantly increased the abundance of some bacteria with poorer mineralization or better humification ability, which led to lower SR. The lower easily oxidizable C(EOC) and higher total C contents of biochars induced lower SR and higher SOC in the soil following BC compared to that following ST. Among the BC treatments,the higher total nitrogen content of rice biochar led to significantly higher soil microbial biomass, and the lower EOC content of reed biochar led to lower soil microbial activity and SR.
基金supported by one of Major State Basic Research Development Program (2009CB421302)the Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (2008GS01759)
文摘Land-use and soil management affects soil organic carbon （SOC） pools, nitrogen, salinity and the depth distribution. The objective of this study was to estimate land-use effects on the distribution of SOC, labile fractions C, nitrogen （N） and salinity in saline-alkaline wetlands in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. Three land-use types were selected： intact saline-alkaline meadow wetland, artificial shrubbery （planting Tamarix） and farmland （cultivated for 18 years） of soils previously under meadow wetland. SOC, easily oxidized carbon, microbial biomass carbon, total N, NO3--N and salinity concentrations were measured. The results show that SOC and labile fraction carbon contents decreased significantly with increasing soil depth in the three land-use wetlands. The labile fraction carbon contents in the topsoil （0-20cm） in cultivated soils were significantly higher than that in intact meadow wetland and artificial shrubbery soil. The aboveground biomass and soil permeability were the primary influencing factors on the contents of SOC and the labile carbon in the intact meadow wetland and artificial shrubbery soil, however, the farming practice was a factor in cultivated soil. Agricultural measures can effectively reduce the salinity contents; however, it caused a significant increase of NO 3--N concentrations which posed a threat to groundwater quality in the study area.
基金supported by CFERN & GENE Award Funds on Ecological Paper
文摘Labile organic carbon（LOC） is one of the most important indicators of soil organic matter quality and dynamics elevation and plays important function in the Tibetan Plateau climate. However, it is unknown what the sources and causes of LOC contamination are. In this study, soil organic carbon（SOC）, total nitrogen（TN）, microbial biomass carbon（MBC）, microbial biomass nitrogen（MBN） and LOC were analyzed based on different soil horizons and elevations using turnover time in an experimental site（3700 m to 4300 m area） in Sygera. SOC and LOC in higher-elevation vegetation types were higher than that of in lower-elevation vegetation types. Our results presented that the soil microbial biomass carbon（SMBC） and soil microbial biomass nitrogen（SMBN）were positively correlated with SOC. The content of easily oxidized carbon（EOC）, particulate organic carbon（POC） and light fraction organic carbon（LFOC） decreased with depth increasing and the content were the lowest in the 60 cm to 100 cm depth.The total SOC, ROC and POC contents decreased with increasing soil horizons. The SOC, TN, MBC and MBN contents increased with increasing altitude in the Sygera Mountains. The MBC and MBN contents weredifferent with the changes of SOC（p＆lt;0.05）,meanwhile, both LFOC and POC were related to total SOC（p＆lt;0.05）. The physical and chemical properties of soil, including temperature, humidity, and altitude,were involved in the regulation of SOC, TN, MBC,MBN and LFOC contents in the Sygera Mountains,Tibetan Plateau.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41161047)the Scientific Development and Technology Innovation Project of Xinjiang Production and Construction Group(XPCG)in China(No.2017BA041)。
文摘Investigating the impacts of soil conversion on soil organic carbon(OC) content and its fractions within soil aggregates is essential for defining better strategies to improve soil structure and OC sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the consequences of soil conversion from paddy soil to upland soil for soil aggregates and intra-aggregate OC pools are poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify the effects of soil conversion on soil aggregate and intra-aggregate OC pool distributions. Four typical rice-producing areas were chosen in North and South China, paired soil samples(upland soil converted from paddy soil more than ten years ago vs. adjacent paddy soil) were collected(0–20 cm) with three replicates in each area. A set of core parameters(OC preservation capacity, aggregate carbon(C) turnover, and biological activity index) were evaluated to assess the responses of intra-aggregate OC turnover to soil conversion. Results showed that soil conversion from paddy soil to upland soil significantly improved the formation of macro-aggregates and increased aggregate stability. It also notably decreased soil intra-aggregate OC pools, including easily oxidized OCa(EOCa), particulate OCa(POCa), and mineral-bound(MOCa) OC, and the sensitivity of aggregate-associated OC pools to soil conversion followed the order: EOCa(average reduction of 21.1%) > MOCa(average reduction of 15.4%) > POCa(average reduction of 14.8%). The potentially mineralizable C(C_(0)) was significantly higher in upland soil than in paddy soil, but the corresponding decay constant(k) was lower in upland soil than in paddy soil. Random forest model and partial correlation analysis showed that EOCa and pH were the important nutrient and physicochemical factors impacting k of C mineralization in paddy soil,while MOCa and C-related enzyme(β-D-cellobiohydrolase) were identified as the key factors in upland soil. In conclusion, this study evidenced that soil conversion from paddy soil to upland soil increased the
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60778029)the Specialized Research Fund for Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20060288005)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK2007209)
文摘In view of the low thrust power ratio caused by the high resistance of pulsed plasma thruster using water propellant,the paper argues that the easily ionized elements Na and K with low ionic potentials are added in the water propellant to improve its performance. The measurement of the discharging current and plasma emission spectrographic analysis prove the improvement. The experiments show that the elements Na and K have certain effect on the improvement of the performance of pulsed plasma thruster: In comparison with water propellant,the NaCl and KCl water propellant has a lower total resistance and a higher ratio of thruster power and specific impulse,and the NaCl water propellant has a slightly stronger effect on pulsed plasma thruster than the KCl. The plasma emission spectrographic analysis is in consistent with the experiment of measuring the discharging current: The elements Na and K can intensify the plasma emission spectrographic signal.
文摘Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）：AD,a neurodegenerative disorder and a significant cause of dementia throughout the world mostly affects the older adults but sometimes also seen in young age（early state AD）（Agrawal et al.,2017）.
文摘In inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis, only a few options are available to deal with non-spectroscopic interferences. Considering that diluting the sample is impractical for traces analysis, other alternatives must be employed. Traditionally, the method of standard additions is used to correct the matrix effect but it is a time consuming method. Others methods involves separation techniques. Another way to overcome matrix interferences is to understand the mechanism involved and adjust plasma viewing conditions to reduce or eliminate the effect. In this study, the effect of various concomitant elements in ICP-MS was assessed by measuring the distribution of selected singly charged analyte ions (Al, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, As, In, Ba, La, Ce, Pb), doubly charged ions (La, Ce, Ba and Pb) and oxides ions (BaO) in the presence of concomitant elements spanning a mass range from 23 (Na) to 133 (Cs) u.m.a. and different ionization energies. Concomitant elements are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and Si. Analyte ion suppression was observed while moving the ICP across and away from the sampling interface with or without a single concomitant element. Matrix effect measures were realised, firstly, to highlight the relation between the signal extinction of an analyte and the masse of the concomitant element, and secondly to highlight the relation between the removal of the analyte signal and the first ionization energy of the element of matrix. A dependence upon both the mass of the matrix element and the mass of the analyte was observed. The suppression seems increased with increasing matrix element mass and decreased with increasing analyte mass. The effect of the mass of the matrix element was the more significant of the two factors. If space-charge effects were found to be significant for matrix elements of much lower mass, it seems diffusion also played an active part for heavier matrix elements. Finally, some evidence was found for a shift in ion-atom equilibrium for dications and
文摘Ultrafine polypropylene fibers are prepared frompolypropylene/easily hydro - degraded polyester （PP/EHDPET） blend fibers, in which file EHDPET compo-nent is degradable by treating with NaOH - H<sub>2</sub>O solu-tion. We investigated the morphology of PP/EHDPETblend fibers before and after stretching and alkalinehydrolysis. Then thermal behavior of the blend has alsobeen studied.
文摘Polypropylene superfine fibers or cell porous fibers were prepared from the bi-component blend fibers of polypropylene/easlly hydro-degraded polyester(PP/EHDPET)by alkaline hydrolysis process. EHDPET is a kind of copolyester that can be rapidly hydro-degraded in the hot alkaline solution. This paper discussed the kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis of EHDPET, and the effect of catalyst, bulk ratio and the content of polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) on the alkaline hydrolysis process. Meanwhile, the morphological change of the outer surface of blend fibers during this process was also investigated by the technology of scanning electron microscope (SEM).
文摘Dear teacher,I want to recommend Bob to be our new monitor.It is clear that he has a lot of strong qualities for this position.First of all,he is such a helpful person that he is ready to give a helping hand any time.If we have any trouble,he will listen to us carefully and then offer us useful advice.Besides,we all think him smart.He is able to solve difficult problems easily.It is quite simple for him to achieve a balance between his hobby and his schoolwork.Moreover,he is confident.He believes that he can do almost anything if he tries his best.Also,he does things carefully and never forgets the things he needs to do.
文摘Soils under broad-leaved,masson pine,Chinese fir and bamboo forests in the area of Huzhou,Zhejiang were collected and analyzed in January 2000.Soil total organic carbon(TOC) under broad-leaved and bamboo forests were considerately higher than(P<0.01)those under masson pine and Chinese fir.There was no significant differences in microbial biomass carbon(MBC) in soils among various types of vegetation,however,the bamboo stands constituted a lower(P<0.05) proportion of MBC compared with broad-leaved forest,masson pine and Chinese fir were similar in MBC to TOC,indicating that intensive management in bamboo stand reduced the proportion of soil MBC in TOC.MBC in soils under broad-leaved forest,masson pine forest and Chinese fir forest had strong positive relationships with the corresponding TOCs,the correlation coefficients were respective 0.744 4,0.648 4 and 0.552 1.It was found that soil easily oxidizable carbon(EOC) in bamboo forest was much higher than those in the other 3 forests.The higher percentages of EOC were detected from soils under bamboo forest(52.40%) and Chinese fir forest(50.50%) compared with broad-leaved forest(48.90%) and masson pine forest(45.74%).Soil EOC for all 4 forests were closely correlated(P<0.01)with the correspondent TOCs.
