In this paper,a 60 kW proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) generation system is modeled in order to design the system parameters and investigate the static and dynamic characteristics for control purposes.To achi...In this paper,a 60 kW proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) generation system is modeled in order to design the system parameters and investigate the static and dynamic characteristics for control purposes.To achieve an overall system model,the system is divided into five modules:the PEMFC stack(anode and cathode flows,membrane hydration,and stack voltage and power),cathode air supply(air compressor,supply manifold,cooler,and humidifier),anode fuel supply(hydrogen valve and humidifier),cathode exhaust exit(exit manifold and water return),and power conditioning(DC/DC and DC/AC) modules.Using a combination of empirical and physical modeling techniques,the model is developed to set the operation conditions of current,temperature,and cathode and anode gas flows and pressures,which have major impacts on system performance.The current model is based on a 60 kW PEMFC power plant designed for residential applications and takes account of the electrochemical and thermal aspects of chemical reactions within the stack as well as flows of reactants across the system.The simulation tests show that the system model can represent the static and dynamic characteristics of a 60 kW PEMFC generation system,which is mathematically simple for system parameters and control designs.展开更多
为改善1 MW光伏发电系统(PVG)柔性故障穿越(FFRT)能力,提出了基于全钒液流电池(VRB)储能的三相解耦型不间断动态电压恢复器(UDVR)拓扑结构。在对并网型PVG系统、VRB的等效电路模型和充放电特性、双向DC/DC变换器小信号数学模型和UDVR的...为改善1 MW光伏发电系统(PVG)柔性故障穿越(FFRT)能力,提出了基于全钒液流电池(VRB)储能的三相解耦型不间断动态电压恢复器(UDVR)拓扑结构。在对并网型PVG系统、VRB的等效电路模型和充放电特性、双向DC/DC变换器小信号数学模型和UDVR的工作原理进行理论分析的基础上,建立了VRB储能三相解耦UDVR与2路500 k W PVG并网系统仿真模型。PVG正常运行时UDVR处于旁路备用,检测到公共耦合点(PCC)电压故障时UDVR投入运行。依据国家最新光伏电站并网技术标准中规定的最严重电压故障边界条件,设计了6类代表性电网对称/不对称跌落/骤升故障工况,分别对投入UDVR时PVG系统的运行特性进行了深入分析。结果表明:针对各类PCC电压故障,三相解耦型UDVR均可灵活地向电网注入相应的补偿电压,维持了负荷端电压稳定,在宽电压故障范围实现了1 MW PVG系统FFRT运行。展开更多
Suppression of the dynamic oscillations of tie-line power exchanges and frequency in the affected interconnected power systems due to loading-condition changes has been assigned as a prominent duty of automatic genera...Suppression of the dynamic oscillations of tie-line power exchanges and frequency in the affected interconnected power systems due to loading-condition changes has been assigned as a prominent duty of automatic generation control(AGC). To alleviate the system oscillation resulting from such load changes, implementation of flexible AC transmission systems(FACTSs) can be considered as one of the practical and effective solutions. In this paper, a thyristor-controlled series compensator(TCSC), which is one series type of the FACTS family, is used to augment the overall dynamic performance of a multi-area multi-source interconnected power system. To this end, we have used a hierarchical adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system controller-TCSC(HANFISC-TCSC) to abate the two important issues in multi-area interconnected power systems, i.e., low-frequency oscillations and tie-line power exchange deviations. For this purpose, a multi-objective optimization technique is inevitable. Multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MOPSO) has been chosen for this optimization problem, owing to its high performance in untangling non-linear objectives. The efficiency of the suggested HANFISC-TCSC has been precisely evaluated and compared with that of the conventional MOPSO-TCSC in two different multi-area interconnected power systems, i.e., two-area hydro-thermal-diesel and three-area hydro-thermal power systems. The simulation results obtained from both power systems have transparently certified the high performance of HANFISC-TCSC compared to the conventional MOPSO-TCSC.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10472101)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No.20070335184)
文摘In this paper,a 60 kW proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) generation system is modeled in order to design the system parameters and investigate the static and dynamic characteristics for control purposes.To achieve an overall system model,the system is divided into five modules:the PEMFC stack(anode and cathode flows,membrane hydration,and stack voltage and power),cathode air supply(air compressor,supply manifold,cooler,and humidifier),anode fuel supply(hydrogen valve and humidifier),cathode exhaust exit(exit manifold and water return),and power conditioning(DC/DC and DC/AC) modules.Using a combination of empirical and physical modeling techniques,the model is developed to set the operation conditions of current,temperature,and cathode and anode gas flows and pressures,which have major impacts on system performance.The current model is based on a 60 kW PEMFC power plant designed for residential applications and takes account of the electrochemical and thermal aspects of chemical reactions within the stack as well as flows of reactants across the system.The simulation tests show that the system model can represent the static and dynamic characteristics of a 60 kW PEMFC generation system,which is mathematically simple for system parameters and control designs.
文摘为改善1 MW光伏发电系统(PVG)柔性故障穿越(FFRT)能力,提出了基于全钒液流电池(VRB)储能的三相解耦型不间断动态电压恢复器(UDVR)拓扑结构。在对并网型PVG系统、VRB的等效电路模型和充放电特性、双向DC/DC变换器小信号数学模型和UDVR的工作原理进行理论分析的基础上,建立了VRB储能三相解耦UDVR与2路500 k W PVG并网系统仿真模型。PVG正常运行时UDVR处于旁路备用,检测到公共耦合点(PCC)电压故障时UDVR投入运行。依据国家最新光伏电站并网技术标准中规定的最严重电压故障边界条件,设计了6类代表性电网对称/不对称跌落/骤升故障工况,分别对投入UDVR时PVG系统的运行特性进行了深入分析。结果表明:针对各类PCC电压故障,三相解耦型UDVR均可灵活地向电网注入相应的补偿电压,维持了负荷端电压稳定,在宽电压故障范围实现了1 MW PVG系统FFRT运行。
文摘Suppression of the dynamic oscillations of tie-line power exchanges and frequency in the affected interconnected power systems due to loading-condition changes has been assigned as a prominent duty of automatic generation control(AGC). To alleviate the system oscillation resulting from such load changes, implementation of flexible AC transmission systems(FACTSs) can be considered as one of the practical and effective solutions. In this paper, a thyristor-controlled series compensator(TCSC), which is one series type of the FACTS family, is used to augment the overall dynamic performance of a multi-area multi-source interconnected power system. To this end, we have used a hierarchical adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system controller-TCSC(HANFISC-TCSC) to abate the two important issues in multi-area interconnected power systems, i.e., low-frequency oscillations and tie-line power exchange deviations. For this purpose, a multi-objective optimization technique is inevitable. Multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MOPSO) has been chosen for this optimization problem, owing to its high performance in untangling non-linear objectives. The efficiency of the suggested HANFISC-TCSC has been precisely evaluated and compared with that of the conventional MOPSO-TCSC in two different multi-area interconnected power systems, i.e., two-area hydro-thermal-diesel and three-area hydro-thermal power systems. The simulation results obtained from both power systems have transparently certified the high performance of HANFISC-TCSC compared to the conventional MOPSO-TCSC.
