AIMTo prospectively study the outcome of difficult gastroduodenal perforations (GDPs) treated by triple tube drainage (TTD) in order to standardize the procedure.METHODSPatients presenting to a single surgical unit of...AIMTo prospectively study the outcome of difficult gastroduodenal perforations (GDPs) treated by triple tube drainage (TTD) in order to standardize the procedure.METHODSPatients presenting to a single surgical unit of a tertiary hospital with difficult GDPs (large, unfavourable local and systemic factors) were treated with TTD (gastrostomy, duodenostomy and feeding jejunostomy). Postoperative parameters were observed like time to return of bowel sounds, time to start enteral feeds, time to start oral feeds, daily output of all drains, time to clamping/removal of all drains, time for skin to heal, complications, hospital stay, and, mortality. Descriptive statistics were used.RESULTSBetween December 2013 and April 2015, 20 patients undergoing TTD for GDP were included, with mean age of 44.6 ± 19.8 years and male:female ratio of 17:3. Mean pre-operative APACHE II scores were 10.85 ± 3.55; most GDPs were prepyloric (9/20; 45%) or proximal duodenal (8/20; 40%) and mean size was 1.83 ± 0.59 cm (largest 2.5 cm). Median times of resumption of enteral feeding, removal of gastrostomy, removal of duodenostomy, removal of feeding jejunostomy and oral feeding were 4 d (4-5 IQR), 13 (12-16.5 IQR), 16 (16.25-22.25 IQR), 18 (16.5-24 IQR) and 12 d (10.75-18.5 IQR) respectively. Median hospital stay was 22 d (19-26 IQR) while mortality was 4/20 (20%).CONCLUSIONTTD for difficult GDP is feasible, easy in the emergency, and patients recover in two-three weeks. It obviates the need for technically demanding and riskier procedures.展开更多
In the last years, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has evolved from a purely diagnostic technique to a more and more complex interventional procedure, with the possibility to perform several type of therapeutic inter...In the last years, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has evolved from a purely diagnostic technique to a more and more complex interventional procedure, with the possibility to perform several type of therapeutic interventions. Among these, EUS-guided biliary drainage (BD) is gaining popularity as a therapeutic approach after failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in distal malignant biliary obstruction (MBO), due to the avoidance of external drainage, a lower rate of adverse events and re-interventions, and lower costs compared to percutaneous trans-hepatic BD. Initially, devices created for luminal procedures (e.g., luminal biliary stents) have been adapted to the new trans-luminal EUSguided interventions, with predictable shortcomings in technical success, outcome and adverse events. More recently, new metal stents specifically designed for transluminal drainage, namely lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS), have been made available for EUS-guided procedures. An electrocautery enhanced delivery system (EC-LAMS), which allows direct access of the delivery system to the target lumen, has subsequently simplified the classic multi-step procedure of EUS-guided drainages. EUS-BD using LAMS and ECLAMS has been demonstrated effective and safe, and currently seems one of the most performing techniques for EUS-BD. In this Review, we summarize the evolution of the EUS-BD in distal MBO, focusing on the novelty of LAMS and analyzing the unresolved questions about the possible role of EUS as the first therapeutic option to achieve BD in this setting of patients.展开更多
Introduction: Roux-en-Y Hepatico-jejunostomy is the standard technique of biliary reconstruction after excision of choledochal cyst. Here the author describes a new surgical technique of biliary reconstruction using n...Introduction: Roux-en-Y Hepatico-jejunostomy is the standard technique of biliary reconstruction after excision of choledochal cyst. Here the author describes a new surgical technique of biliary reconstruction using native gall bladder as biliary conduit. New Surgical Technique: The choledochal cyst is excised as standard technique but gall bladder with its neck is kept in situ. The gall bladder neck is anastomosed with the common hepatic duct stump and gall bladder fundus is anastomosed with the antero-inferior wall of the first part of distal duodenum. Materials & Methods: Eleven patients with choledochal cyst have been operated with the new technique from July 2011 to December 2012 in the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Feeding was started from 3rd post-operative day and drain was removed by 7th day unless complicated and they were released from the hospital between 10-15 days. Results: The ages of eleven patients were from 3 months to 11 years. There were 7 females and 4 males. Lump was felt in 3 patients and jaundice was present in 4 patients. Recurrent abdominal pain was present in all patients. They were diagnosed by ultrasonography and MRCP was done in 6 patients only. Prothrombin time was elevated by 10% & 15% in 2 patients. Average operation time was 2 hours and 10 minutes. A 9-year girl died suddenly and unexpectedly on the 5th post-operative day from severe convulsion of unknown origin. One child suffered from prolonged bile leakage and re-explored to repair anastomotic leak. Another patient had a collection near the anastomosis which resolved spontaneously. Discussion: Benefits of the new surgical technique are total absence of Roux-en-Y related intestinal complications. Possible disadvantages are discussed. It is anatomical and physiological. Small incision and less operation time are other benefits which need to be mentioned. Possible disadvantages are discussed.展开更多
文摘AIMTo prospectively study the outcome of difficult gastroduodenal perforations (GDPs) treated by triple tube drainage (TTD) in order to standardize the procedure.METHODSPatients presenting to a single surgical unit of a tertiary hospital with difficult GDPs (large, unfavourable local and systemic factors) were treated with TTD (gastrostomy, duodenostomy and feeding jejunostomy). Postoperative parameters were observed like time to return of bowel sounds, time to start enteral feeds, time to start oral feeds, daily output of all drains, time to clamping/removal of all drains, time for skin to heal, complications, hospital stay, and, mortality. Descriptive statistics were used.RESULTSBetween December 2013 and April 2015, 20 patients undergoing TTD for GDP were included, with mean age of 44.6 ± 19.8 years and male:female ratio of 17:3. Mean pre-operative APACHE II scores were 10.85 ± 3.55; most GDPs were prepyloric (9/20; 45%) or proximal duodenal (8/20; 40%) and mean size was 1.83 ± 0.59 cm (largest 2.5 cm). Median times of resumption of enteral feeding, removal of gastrostomy, removal of duodenostomy, removal of feeding jejunostomy and oral feeding were 4 d (4-5 IQR), 13 (12-16.5 IQR), 16 (16.25-22.25 IQR), 18 (16.5-24 IQR) and 12 d (10.75-18.5 IQR) respectively. Median hospital stay was 22 d (19-26 IQR) while mortality was 4/20 (20%).CONCLUSIONTTD for difficult GDP is feasible, easy in the emergency, and patients recover in two-three weeks. It obviates the need for technically demanding and riskier procedures.
文摘In the last years, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has evolved from a purely diagnostic technique to a more and more complex interventional procedure, with the possibility to perform several type of therapeutic interventions. Among these, EUS-guided biliary drainage (BD) is gaining popularity as a therapeutic approach after failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in distal malignant biliary obstruction (MBO), due to the avoidance of external drainage, a lower rate of adverse events and re-interventions, and lower costs compared to percutaneous trans-hepatic BD. Initially, devices created for luminal procedures (e.g., luminal biliary stents) have been adapted to the new trans-luminal EUSguided interventions, with predictable shortcomings in technical success, outcome and adverse events. More recently, new metal stents specifically designed for transluminal drainage, namely lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS), have been made available for EUS-guided procedures. An electrocautery enhanced delivery system (EC-LAMS), which allows direct access of the delivery system to the target lumen, has subsequently simplified the classic multi-step procedure of EUS-guided drainages. EUS-BD using LAMS and ECLAMS has been demonstrated effective and safe, and currently seems one of the most performing techniques for EUS-BD. In this Review, we summarize the evolution of the EUS-BD in distal MBO, focusing on the novelty of LAMS and analyzing the unresolved questions about the possible role of EUS as the first therapeutic option to achieve BD in this setting of patients.
文摘Introduction: Roux-en-Y Hepatico-jejunostomy is the standard technique of biliary reconstruction after excision of choledochal cyst. Here the author describes a new surgical technique of biliary reconstruction using native gall bladder as biliary conduit. New Surgical Technique: The choledochal cyst is excised as standard technique but gall bladder with its neck is kept in situ. The gall bladder neck is anastomosed with the common hepatic duct stump and gall bladder fundus is anastomosed with the antero-inferior wall of the first part of distal duodenum. Materials & Methods: Eleven patients with choledochal cyst have been operated with the new technique from July 2011 to December 2012 in the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Feeding was started from 3rd post-operative day and drain was removed by 7th day unless complicated and they were released from the hospital between 10-15 days. Results: The ages of eleven patients were from 3 months to 11 years. There were 7 females and 4 males. Lump was felt in 3 patients and jaundice was present in 4 patients. Recurrent abdominal pain was present in all patients. They were diagnosed by ultrasonography and MRCP was done in 6 patients only. Prothrombin time was elevated by 10% & 15% in 2 patients. Average operation time was 2 hours and 10 minutes. A 9-year girl died suddenly and unexpectedly on the 5th post-operative day from severe convulsion of unknown origin. One child suffered from prolonged bile leakage and re-explored to repair anastomotic leak. Another patient had a collection near the anastomosis which resolved spontaneously. Discussion: Benefits of the new surgical technique are total absence of Roux-en-Y related intestinal complications. Possible disadvantages are discussed. It is anatomical and physiological. Small incision and less operation time are other benefits which need to be mentioned. Possible disadvantages are discussed.
