为了提高植物中γ-氨基丁酸的检测效率和准确性,对用酶标仪测定麦苗中γ-氨基丁酸含量的方法进行了提取方式、反应试剂用量、波长选取和测定时间等参数的优化研究,并对检测结果进行了分析。结果表明,酶标仪测量γ-氨基丁酸的最佳条件为...为了提高植物中γ-氨基丁酸的检测效率和准确性,对用酶标仪测定麦苗中γ-氨基丁酸含量的方法进行了提取方式、反应试剂用量、波长选取和测定时间等参数的优化研究,并对检测结果进行了分析。结果表明,酶标仪测量γ-氨基丁酸的最佳条件为：55℃超声波提取30 min,当待测液为1 m L时,需2 mol·L-1氯化铝0.4 m L,1 mol·L-1氢氧化钾1.0 m L,0.2 mol·L-1p H值10.0的缓冲液1.0 m L,6%重蒸酚1.5 m L,5%次氯酸钠1 m L,最适测量波长为635μm,测定时间为反应后100~160 min。该检测方法稳定性高,重现性好。展开更多
Polyploids in vertebrates are generally associated with unisexual reproduction,but the direct consequences of polyploidy on sex determination system and reproduction mode remain unknown.Here,we synthesized a group of ...Polyploids in vertebrates are generally associated with unisexual reproduction,but the direct consequences of polyploidy on sex determination system and reproduction mode remain unknown.Here,we synthesized a group of artificial octoploids between unisexual gynogenetic hexaploid Carassius gibelio and sexual tetraploid Carassius auratus.The synthetic octoploids were revealed to have more than 200 chromosomes,in which 50 chromosomes including the X/Y sex determination system were identified to transfer from sexual tetraploid C.auratus into the unisexual gynogenetic hexaploid C.gibelio.Significantly,a few synthetic octoploid males were found to be fertile,and one octoploid male was confirmed to regain sexual reproduction ability,which exhibits characteristics that are the same to sexual reproduction tetraploid males,such as 1:1 sex ratio occurrence,meiosis completion and euploid sperm formation in spermatogenesis,as well as normal embryo development and gene expression pattern during embryogenesis.Therefore,the current finding provides a unique case to explore the effect of sex determination system incorporation on reproduction mode transition from unisexual gynogenesis to sexual reproduction along with genome synthesis of recurrent polyploidy in vertebrates.展开更多
The initiation of sex differentiation in insects is regulated by primary sex determination signals.In the Medfly Ceratitis capitata and other tephritids,Maleness-on-the-Y(MoY) is the master gene for male sex determina...The initiation of sex differentiation in insects is regulated by primary sex determination signals.In the Medfly Ceratitis capitata and other tephritids,Maleness-on-the-Y(MoY) is the master gene for male sex determination.However,the primary signal in Zeugodacus cucurbitae(Coquillett),a very destructive tephritid pest across the world,remains ambiguous.In this study,we have isolated and characterized the Medfly MoY homolog in Z.cucurbitae,ZcMoY.ZcMOY protein shows high sequence conservation to its homologs in Bactrocera species.ZcMoY transcription begins and peaks at very early embryonic stages and then becomes undetectable except the testes and heads of day 1 male adults.Silencing ZcMoY in early embryos by RNAi causes abnormal external genitalia and interior reproductive organs,giving rise to intersexes and feminization of XY individuals.The expression pattern and knockdown phenotypes of ZcMoY indicate that ZcMoY plays a key role in regulating sex determination of Z.cucurbitae males.Our findings will help the understanding of sex determination in Z.cucurbitae and facilitate the development of genetic sexing strains in its biological control.展开更多
文摘为了提高植物中γ-氨基丁酸的检测效率和准确性,对用酶标仪测定麦苗中γ-氨基丁酸含量的方法进行了提取方式、反应试剂用量、波长选取和测定时间等参数的优化研究,并对检测结果进行了分析。结果表明,酶标仪测量γ-氨基丁酸的最佳条件为：55℃超声波提取30 min,当待测液为1 m L时,需2 mol·L-1氯化铝0.4 m L,1 mol·L-1氢氧化钾1.0 m L,0.2 mol·L-1p H值10.0的缓冲液1.0 m L,6%重蒸酚1.5 m L,5%次氯酸钠1 m L,最适测量波长为635μm,测定时间为反应后100~160 min。该检测方法稳定性高,重现性好。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31930111 and 31873036)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24030104)+4 种基金the National Key Research and Development Project(2018YFD0900204)the Key Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDY-SSW-SMC025)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-45-07)the Autonomous Project of the State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology(2019FBZ04)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS。
文摘Polyploids in vertebrates are generally associated with unisexual reproduction,but the direct consequences of polyploidy on sex determination system and reproduction mode remain unknown.Here,we synthesized a group of artificial octoploids between unisexual gynogenetic hexaploid Carassius gibelio and sexual tetraploid Carassius auratus.The synthetic octoploids were revealed to have more than 200 chromosomes,in which 50 chromosomes including the X/Y sex determination system were identified to transfer from sexual tetraploid C.auratus into the unisexual gynogenetic hexaploid C.gibelio.Significantly,a few synthetic octoploid males were found to be fertile,and one octoploid male was confirmed to regain sexual reproduction ability,which exhibits characteristics that are the same to sexual reproduction tetraploid males,such as 1:1 sex ratio occurrence,meiosis completion and euploid sperm formation in spermatogenesis,as well as normal embryo development and gene expression pattern during embryogenesis.Therefore,the current finding provides a unique case to explore the effect of sex determination system incorporation on reproduction mode transition from unisexual gynogenesis to sexual reproduction along with genome synthesis of recurrent polyploidy in vertebrates.
基金supported by the the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31702059, 31860523, and 31660339)the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (321CXTD435)。
文摘The initiation of sex differentiation in insects is regulated by primary sex determination signals.In the Medfly Ceratitis capitata and other tephritids,Maleness-on-the-Y(MoY) is the master gene for male sex determination.However,the primary signal in Zeugodacus cucurbitae(Coquillett),a very destructive tephritid pest across the world,remains ambiguous.In this study,we have isolated and characterized the Medfly MoY homolog in Z.cucurbitae,ZcMoY.ZcMOY protein shows high sequence conservation to its homologs in Bactrocera species.ZcMoY transcription begins and peaks at very early embryonic stages and then becomes undetectable except the testes and heads of day 1 male adults.Silencing ZcMoY in early embryos by RNAi causes abnormal external genitalia and interior reproductive organs,giving rise to intersexes and feminization of XY individuals.The expression pattern and knockdown phenotypes of ZcMoY indicate that ZcMoY plays a key role in regulating sex determination of Z.cucurbitae males.Our findings will help the understanding of sex determination in Z.cucurbitae and facilitate the development of genetic sexing strains in its biological control.
